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The concept of Dharma in the Indian conscious is far-reaching and deep. It addresses duties and responsibilities both at the micro (personal) as well as macro (societal) level. Shabdakalpadruma says, <blockquote>धरति लोकान् ध्रियते पुण्यात्मभिरिति वा (धर्मः)। ''dharati lokān dhriyate puṇyātmabhiriti vā (dharmaḥ)।''<ref>[https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%83/%E0%A4%A7 Shabdakalpadruma]</ref></blockquote>Meaning: That which holds the world (binds people together) or that which is upheld by meritorious people is Dharma.  

The concept of Dharma in the Indian conscious is far-reaching and deep. It addresses duties and responsibilities both at the micro (personal) as well as macro (societal) level. Shabdakalpadruma says, <blockquote>धरति लोकान् ध्रियते पुण्यात्मभिरिति वा (धर्मः)। ''dharati lokān dhriyate puṇyātmabhiriti vā (dharmaḥ)।''<ref>[https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%83/%E0%A4%A7 Shabdakalpadruma]</ref></blockquote>Meaning: That which holds the world (binds people together) or that which is upheld by meritorious people is Dharma.  

Therefore, Dharma is not just that which is upheld as a virtue in life, it is also the principle on the foundation of which a society stands. Thus it could also refer to principles of justice (न्यायः), character (स्वभावः), behaviour (आचारः), etc. And has multiple facets viz. Svadharma (स्वधर्मः । individual), Kautumbika dharma (कौटुम्बिकधर्मः । towards family), Samajika dharma (सामाजिकधर्मः । towards society), [[Varna Dharma (वर्णधर्मः)|Varna dharma]] (वर्णधर्मः), [[Ashrama Dharma (आश्रमधर्मः)|Ashrama dharma]] (आश्रमधर्मः), Rashtra dharma (राष्ट्रधर्मः । towards the nation), Manava dharma (मानवधर्मः । towards mankind), etc.  

Therefore, Dharma is not just that which is upheld as a virtue in life, it is also the principle on the foundation of which a society stands. Thus, it could also refer to principles of justice (न्यायः), character (स्वभावः), behaviour (आचारः), etc. And has multiple facets viz. Svadharma (स्वधर्मः । individual), Kautumbika dharma (कौटुम्बिकधर्मः । towards family), Samajika dharma (सामाजिकधर्मः । towards society), [[Varna Dharma (वर्णधर्मः)|Varna dharma]] (वर्णधर्मः), [[Ashrama Dharma (आश्रमधर्मः)|Ashrama dharma]] (आश्रमधर्मः), Rashtra dharma (राष्ट्रधर्मः । towards the nation), Manava dharma (मानवधर्मः । towards mankind), etc.  

== विधिताचरणम् ॥ Prescribed Code of Conduct ==

== विधिताचरणम् ॥ Prescribed Code of Conduct ==

The [[Smrti (स्मृतिः)|Smrti]] texts elaborate on the concept of Dharma keeping in view its wide scope as mentioned above. Therefore, Acharana Dharma incorporates the code of conduct prescribed for mankind in all respects like personal and social hygiene, mutual respect, food and sleep habits for good health and others. Some such guidelines enlisted in the Manusmrti are as follows:

The [[Smrti (स्मृतिः)|Smrti]] texts elaborate on the concept of Dharma keeping in view its wide scope as mentioned above. Therefore, Acharana Dharma incorporates the code of conduct prescribed for mankind in all respects like personal and social hygiene, mutual respect, food and sleep habits for good health and others. Some such guidelines regarding cleanliness (शौचम्), respect (आदरः ), food and sleep (आहारः निद्रा च), etc. enlisted in the Manusmrti are as follows:

===शौचम् ॥ Cleanliness===

===शौचम् ॥ Cleanliness===

Manusmrti lays emphasizes on respect towards all living beings. It says,

Manusmrti lays emphasizes on respect towards all living beings. It says,

*One should not place fire under a bed, cross or step over it. One should never do anything that may affect living beings. (Manu Smrt. 4.54).<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>अधस्तान्नोपदध्याच्च न चैनं अभिलङ्घयेत् । न चैनं पादतः कुर्यान्न प्राणाबाधं आचरेत् || ४.५४ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>adhastānnopadadhyācca na cainaṁ abhilaṅghayet । na cainaṁ pādataḥ kuryānna prāṇābādhaṁ ācaret || 4.54 ||</blockquote>

*One should not place fire under a bed, cross or step over it. One should never do anything that may affect living beings. (Manu Smrt. 4.54).<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>अधस्तान्नोपदध्याच्च न चैनं अभिलङ्घयेत् । न चैनं पादतः कुर्यान्न प्राणाबाधं आचरेत् || ४.५४ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>adhastānnopadadhyācca na cainaṁ abhilaṅghayet । na cainaṁ pādataḥ kuryānna prāṇābādhaṁ ācaret || 4.54 ||</blockquote>

*Having seen a cow feeding her calf, one should not push them away nor tell anybody of it. In fact, one should also not ride on the back of cows. (Manu Smrt. 4.59 and 4.72).<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>न वारयेद्गां धयन्तीं न चाचक्षीत कस्य चित् ।। ४.५९ ||</blockquote><blockquote>गवां च यानं पृष्ठेन सर्वथैव विगर्हितम् || ४.७२ || <ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>na vārayedgāṁ dhayantīṁ na cācakṣīta kasya cit ।। 4.59 ||</blockquote><blockquote>gavāṁ ca yānaṁ pr̥ṣṭhena sarvathaiva vigarhitam || 4.72 ||</blockquote>

*Having seen a cow feeding her calf, one should not push them away nor tell anybody of it. In fact, one should also not ride on the back of cows. (Manu Smrt. 4.59 and 4.72).<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>न वारयेद्गां धयन्तीं न चाचक्षीत कस्य चित् ।। ४.५९ || गवां च यानं पृष्ठेन सर्वथैव विगर्हितम् || ४.७२ || <ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>na vārayedgāṁ dhayantīṁ na cācakṣīta kasya cit ।। 4.59 || gavāṁ ca yānaṁ pr̥ṣṭhena sarvathaiva vigarhitam || 4.72 ||</blockquote>

*One should never insult those who are in any way physically handicapped, nor those devoid of knowledge, nor the aged, nor those who have no beauty or wealth, nor those who are of low social standing. (Manu Smrt. 4.141).<ref name=":3">Pt. Sri Rama Ramanuja Acharya, [http://www.srimatham.com/uploads/5/5/4/9/5549439/manu_for_modern_times.pdf The Laws of Manu for the 21st Century], srimatham.com</ref><blockquote>हीनाङ्गानतिरिक्ताङ्गान्विद्याहीनान्वयोऽधिकान् । रूपद्रविणहीनांश्च जातिहीनांश्च नाक्षिपेत् || ४.१४१ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>hīnāṅgānatiriktāṅgānvidyāhīnānvayo'dhikān । rūpadraviṇahīnāṁśca jātihīnāṁśca nākṣipet || 4.141 ||</blockquote>

*One should not insult those who have redundant limbs, or those who are deficient in limbs, or those destitute of learning, or those who are far advanced in age, or those destitute of beauty or wealth, or those of low birth. (Manu Smrt. 4.141).<ref name=":2">Ganganath Jha (1920-39), Manusmrti ([https://ia801603.us.archive.org/33/items/in.ernet.dli.2015.46010/2015.46010.Manusmrti--Vol-4.pdf Vol.4]), Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited.</ref><blockquote>हीनाङ्गानतिरिक्ताङ्गान्विद्याहीनान्वयोऽधिकान् । रूपद्रविणहीनांश्च जातिहीनांश्च नाक्षिपेत् || ४.१४१ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>hīnāṅgānatiriktāṅgānvidyāhīnānvayo'dhikān । rūpadraviṇahīnāṁśca jātihīnāṁśca nākṣipet || 4.141 ||</blockquote>

*When venerable people visit, one should greet them reverentially, offer them one's own seat, sit humbly near them, and when they leave, accompany them for a short distance. (Manu Smrt. 4.154).<ref name=":3" /><blockquote>अभिवादयेद्वृद्धांश्च दद्याच्चैवासनं स्वकम् । कृताञ्जलिरुपासीत गच्छतः पृष्ठतोऽन्वियात् || ४.१५४ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>abhivādayedvr̥ddhāṁśca dadyāccaivāsanaṁ svakam । kr̥tāñjalirupāsīta gacchataḥ pr̥ṣṭhato'nviyāt || 4.154 ||</blockquote>

*One should salute the elders and give up one's own seat to them; One should wait upon them with joined hands; and when they depart, one should follow behind them. (Manu Smrt. 4.154).<ref name=":2" /><blockquote>अभिवादयेद्वृद्धांश्च दद्याच्चैवासनं स्वकम् । कृताञ्जलिरुपासीत गच्छतः पृष्ठतोऽन्वियात् || ४.१५४ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>abhivādayedvr̥ddhāṁśca dadyāccaivāsanaṁ svakam । kr̥tāñjalirupāsīta gacchataḥ pr̥ṣṭhato'nviyāt || 4.154 ||</blockquote>

*At all costs, one should avoid quarreling with an officiating or a domestic priest, with a teacher, with a maternal uncle, a guest and a dependant, with infants, aged and the sick, with learned people, with paternal or maternal relatives, connections by marriage, with one's father and mother, with female relatives, with a brother, with one's children and spouse and with one's servants and employees. (Manu Smrt. 4.179 and 180). Because, if one avoids quarrels with these people, one will be freed from all sins.<ref name=":3" /><blockquote>ऋत्विक्पुरोहिताचार्यैर्मातुलातिथिसंश्रितैः । बालवृद्धातुरैर्वैद्यैर्ज्ञातिसंबन्धिबान्धवैः || ४.१७९ ||</blockquote><blockquote>मातापितृभ्यां जामीभिर्भ्रात्रा पुत्रेण भार्यया । दुहित्रा दासवर्गेण विवादं न समाचरेत् || ४.१८० ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>r̥tvikpurohitācāryairmātulātithisaṁśritaiḥ । bālavr̥ddhāturairvaidyairjñātisaṁbandhibāndhavaiḥ || 4.179 ||</blockquote><blockquote>mātāpitr̥bhyāṁ jāmībhirbhrātrā putreṇa bhāryayā । duhitrā dāsavargeṇa vivādaṁ na samācaret || 4.180 ||</blockquote>

*One should not have a quarrel with the officiating priest, the priest, or one's Teacher, or with maternal uncle, or guests or dependents, with children, or with old or sick persons, or with doctors, with one's paternal relations or marriage relations, with parents, or female relations, or brother or son, or wife, or daughter, or with one's slaves. (Manu Smrt. 4.179 and 180). Because, if one avoids quarrels with these people, one will be freed from all sins.<ref name=":2" /><blockquote>ऋत्विक्पुरोहिताचार्यैर्मातुलातिथिसंश्रितैः । बालवृद्धातुरैर्वैद्यैर्ज्ञातिसंबन्धिबान्धवैः || ४.१७९ ||</blockquote><blockquote>मातापितृभ्यां जामीभिर्भ्रात्रा पुत्रेण भार्यया । दुहित्रा दासवर्गेण विवादं न समाचरेत् || ४.१८० ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>r̥tvikpurohitācāryairmātulātithisaṁśritaiḥ । bālavr̥ddhāturairvaidyairjñātisaṁbandhibāndhavaiḥ || 4.179 ||</blockquote><blockquote>mātāpitr̥bhyāṁ jāmībhirbhrātrā putreṇa bhāryayā । duhitrā dāsavargeṇa vivādaṁ na samācaret || 4.180 ||</blockquote>

*It is also said that infants, aged, poor and sick people must be considered as rulers of the middle sphere, the eldest brother as equal to one’s father, one’s spouse and one’s son as one’s own body, one’s employees as one’s shadow, one’s daughter is the highest object of tenderness; hence if one is offended by (any one of) these, one must bear it without resentment. (Manu Smrt. 4.184 and 185).<ref name=":3" /> <blockquote>आकाशेशास्तु विज्ञेया बालवृद्धकृशातुराः । भ्राता ज्येष्ठः समः पित्रा भार्या पुत्रः स्वका तनुः || ४.१८४ ||</blockquote><blockquote>छाया स्वो दासवर्गश्च दुहिता कृपणं परम् । तस्मादेतैरधिक्षिप्तः सहेतासंज्वरः सदा || ४.१८५ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>ākāśeśāstu vijñeyā bālavr̥ddhakr̥śāturāḥ । bhrātā jyeṣṭhaḥ samaḥ pitrā bhāryā putraḥ svakā tanuḥ || 4.184 ||</blockquote><blockquote>chāyā svo dāsavargaśca duhitā kr̥paṇaṁ param । tasmādetairadhikṣiptaḥ sahetāsaṁjvaraḥ sadā || 4.185 ||</blockquote>

 

*The children, the aged, the emaciated and the sick should be regarded as the lords of Akasha (आकाशः); the elder brother is equal to the Father; the wife and the son are one’s own body. Servants are one’s own shadow; the daughter is the highest object of tenderness. For these reasons, when offended by these, one should always bear it without heat. (Manu Smrt. 4.184 and 185).<ref name=":2" /> <blockquote>आकाशेशास्तु विज्ञेया बालवृद्धकृशातुराः । भ्राता ज्येष्ठः समः पित्रा भार्या पुत्रः स्वका तनुः || ४.१८४ ||</blockquote><blockquote>छाया स्वो दासवर्गश्च दुहिता कृपणं परम् । तस्मादेतैरधिक्षिप्तः सहेतासंज्वरः सदा || ४.१८५ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>ākāśeśāstu vijñeyā bālavr̥ddhakr̥śāturāḥ । bhrātā jyeṣṭhaḥ samaḥ pitrā bhāryā putraḥ svakā tanuḥ || 4.184 ||</blockquote><blockquote>chāyā svo dāsavargaśca duhitā kr̥paṇaṁ param । tasmādetairadhikṣiptaḥ sahetāsaṁjvaraḥ sadā || 4.185 ||</blockquote>

===आहारः निद्रा च ॥ Food and Sleep===

===आहारः निद्रा च ॥ Food and Sleep===

*One should not eat anything from which the oil has been extracted; nor should one be a glutton; one should not eat very early (in the morning), nor very late (in the evening), nor (take any food) in the evening, if one has eaten a large meal in the morning. (Manu Smrt. 4.62).<ref name=":3" /><blockquote>आचार्यं च प्रवक्तारं पितरं मातरं गुरुम् । न हिंस्याद्ब्राह्मणान्गाश्च सर्वांश्चैव तपस्विनः || ४.१६२ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>ācāryaṁ ca pravaktāraṁ pitaraṁ mātaraṁ gurum । na hiṁsyādbrāhmaṇāngāśca sarvāṁścaiva tapasvinaḥ || 4.162 ||</blockquote>

*One should not eat anything from which oil has been extracted; One should not commit gluttony; One should not eat very early in the morning, nor very late in the evening; nor in the evening, if one has eaten in the morning. (Manu Smrt. 4.62).<ref name=":2" /><blockquote>आचार्यं च प्रवक्तारं पितरं मातरं गुरुम् । न हिंस्याद्ब्राह्मणान्गाश्च सर्वांश्चैव तपस्विनः || ४.१६२ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>ācāryaṁ ca pravaktāraṁ pitaraṁ mātaraṁ gurum । na hiṁsyādbrāhmaṇāngāśca sarvāṁścaiva tapasvinaḥ || 4.162 ||</blockquote>

*One should not exert oneself without a purpose; not drink water from joined palms; eat food placing it on the lap; not have the habit of wanting to know other's work without reason. (Manu Smrt. 4.63).<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>न कुर्वीत वृथाचेष्टां न वार्यञ्जलिना पिबेत् । नोत्सङ्गे भक्षयेद्भक्ष्यान्न जातु स्यात्कुतूहली । । ४.६३ । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>na kurvīta vr̥thāceṣṭāṁ na vāryañjalinā pibet । notsaṅge bhakṣayedbhakṣyānna jātu syātkutūhalī । । 4.63 । ।</blockquote>

*One should not exert oneself without a purpose; not drink water from joined palms; eat food placing it on the lap; not have the habit of wanting to know other's work without reason. (Manu Smrt. 4.63).<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>न कुर्वीत वृथाचेष्टां न वार्यञ्जलिना पिबेत् । नोत्सङ्गे भक्षयेद्भक्ष्यान्न जातु स्यात्कुतूहली । । ४.६३ । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>na kurvīta vr̥thāceṣṭāṁ na vāryañjalinā pibet । notsaṅge bhakṣayedbhakṣyānna jātu syātkutūhalī । । 4.63 । ।</blockquote>

*One should never play with dice, nor walk with one's own shoe in the hands, not eat lying on a bed, nor keep it in one hand and eat with the other, or keep it on a seat and eat. One should not eat after sunset any food containing sesame, should not sleep naked, nor go anywhere with impure mouth (after meals). (Manu Smrt. 4.74 and 4.75).<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>नाक्षैर्दीव्येत्कदा चित्तु स्वयं नोपानहौ हरेत् । शयनस्थो न भुञ्जीत न पाणिस्थं न चासने । । ४.७४ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>सर्वं च तिलसंबद्धं नाद्यादस्तं इते रवौ । न च नग्नः शयीतेह न चोच्छिष्टः क्व चिद्व्रजेत् । । ४.७५ । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>nākṣairdīvyetkadā cittu svayaṁ nopānahau haret । śayanastho na bhuñjīta na pāṇisthaṁ na cāsane । । 4.74 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>sarvaṁ ca tilasaṁbaddhaṁ nādyādastaṁ ite ravau । na ca nagnaḥ śayīteha na cocchiṣṭaḥ kva cidvrajet । । 4.75 । ।</blockquote>

*One should never play with dice, nor walk with one's own shoe in the hands, not eat lying on a bed, nor keep it in one hand and eat with the other, or keep it on a seat and eat. One should not eat after sunset any food containing sesame, should not sleep naked, nor go anywhere with impure mouth (after meals). (Manu Smrt. 4.74 and 4.75).<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>नाक्षैर्दीव्येत्कदा चित्तु स्वयं नोपानहौ हरेत् । शयनस्थो न भुञ्जीत न पाणिस्थं न चासने । । ४.७४ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>सर्वं च तिलसंबद्धं नाद्यादस्तं इते रवौ । न च नग्नः शयीतेह न चोच्छिष्टः क्व चिद्व्रजेत् । । ४.७५ । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>nākṣairdīvyetkadā cittu svayaṁ nopānahau haret । śayanastho na bhuñjīta na pāṇisthaṁ na cāsane । । 4.74 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>sarvaṁ ca tilasaṁbaddhaṁ nādyādastaṁ ite ravau । na ca nagnaḥ śayīteha na cocchiṣṭaḥ kva cidvrajet । । 4.75 । ।</blockquote>

*One should eat after having washed one's feet, but should not go to bed with wet feet. The who eats becoming pure, having washed the hands and legs attains a long life. (Manu Smrt. 4.76).<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>आर्द्रपादस्तु भुञ्जीत नार्द्रपादस्तु संविशेत् । आर्द्रपादस्तु भुञ्जानो दीर्घं आयुरवाप्नुयात् । । ४.७६ । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>ārdrapādastu bhuñjīta nārdrapādastu saṁviśet । ārdrapādastu bhuñjāno dīrghaṁ āyuravāpnuyāt । । 4.76 । ।</blockquote>

*One should eat after having washed one's feet, but should not go to bed with wet feet. The who eats becoming pure, having washed the hands and legs attains a long life. (Manu Smrt. 4.76).<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>आर्द्रपादस्तु भुञ्जीत नार्द्रपादस्तु संविशेत् । आर्द्रपादस्तु भुञ्जानो दीर्घं आयुरवाप्नुयात् । । ४.७६ । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>ārdrapādastu bhuñjīta nārdrapādastu saṁviśet । ārdrapādastu bhuñjāno dīrghaṁ āyuravāpnuyāt । । 4.76 । ।</blockquote>

*One should not go swimming immediately after a meal, nor when sick, nor in the middle of the night, nor completely dressed, nor in a pool which one does not perfectly know. (Manu Smrt. 4.129).<ref name=":3" /><blockquote>न स्नानं आचरेद्भुक्त्वा नातुरो न महानिशि । न वासोभिः सहाजस्रं नाविज्ञाते जलाशये || ४.१२९ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>na snānaṁ ācaredbhuktvā nāturo na mahāniśi । na vāsobhiḥ sahājasraṁ nāvijñāte jalāśaye || 4.129 ||</blockquote>

*One should not bathe after a meal, nor when one is ill, nor at midnight, nor along with his garments; and never in an unknown water-reservoir. (Manu Smrt. 4.129).<ref name=":2" /><blockquote>न स्नानं आचरेद्भुक्त्वा नातुरो न महानिशि । न वासोभिः सहाजस्रं नाविज्ञाते जलाशये || ४.१२९ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>na snānaṁ ācaredbhuktvā nāturo na mahāniśi । na vāsobhiḥ sahājasraṁ nāvijñāte jalāśaye || 4.129 ||</blockquote>

*One should avoid eating (food given) by intoxicated, angry, or sick (people), and that in which hair or insects are found, and also whatever has been touched intentionally with the foot. (Manu Smrt. 4.207).<ref name=":3" /><blockquote>मत्तक्रुद्धातुराणां च न भुञ्जीत कदा चन । केशकीटावपन्नं च पदा स्पृष्टं च कामतः || ४.२०७ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>mattakruddhāturāṇāṁ ca na bhuñjīta kadā cana । keśakīṭāvapannaṁ ca padā spr̥ṣṭaṁ ca kāmataḥ || 4.207 ||</blockquote>

*One should never eat food offered by intoxicated or angry or sick persons; nor that which is contaminated by hair or insects, or that which has been intentionally touched with the foot. (Manu Smrt. 4.207).<ref name=":2" /><blockquote>मत्तक्रुद्धातुराणां च न भुञ्जीत कदा चन । केशकीटावपन्नं च पदा स्पृष्टं च कामतः || ४.२०७ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>mattakruddhāturāṇāṁ ca na bhuñjīta kadā cana । keśakīṭāvapannaṁ ca padā spr̥ṣṭaṁ ca kāmataḥ || 4.207 ||</blockquote>

===अन्ये नियमाः || Other rules===

===अन्ये नियमाः || Other rules===

Some other miscellaneous rules prescribed by Manusmrti are as follows:

Some other miscellaneous rules prescribed by Manusmrti are as follows:

*One should never go to an abandoned fort, not look at urine or excreta, nor cross a river swimming with both the arms. (Manu Smrt. 4.77).<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>अचक्षुर्विषयं दुर्गं न प्रपद्येत कर्हि चित् । न विण्मूत्रं उदीक्षेत न बाहुभ्यां नदीं तरेत् || ४.७७ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>acakṣurviṣayaṁ durgaṁna prapadyeta karhi cit । na viṇmūtraṁ udīkṣeta na bāhubhyāṁ nadīṁ taret || 4.77 ||</blockquote>

*One should never go to an abandoned fort, not look at urine or excreta, nor cross a river swimming with both the arms. (Manu Smrt. 4.77).<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>अचक्षुर्विषयं दुर्गं न प्रपद्येत कर्हि चित् । न विण्मूत्रं उदीक्षेत न बाहुभ्यां नदीं तरेत् || ४.७७ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>acakṣurviṣayaṁ durgaṁna prapadyeta karhi cit । na viṇmūtraṁ udīkṣeta na bāhubhyāṁ nadīṁ taret || 4.77 ||</blockquote>

*One should not sit on hair, ashes, bones, potsherds, cotton-seeds and chaff. The life of those who don't sit on these increase. (Manu Smrt. 4.78).<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>अधितिष्ठेन्न केशांस्तु न भस्मास्थिकपालिकाः । न कार्पासास्थि न तुषान्दीर्घं आयुर्जिजीविषुः || ४.७८ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>adhitiṣṭhenna keśāṁstu na bhasmāsthikapālikāḥ । na kārpāsāsthi na tuṣāndīrghaṁ āyurjijīviṣuḥ || 4.78 ||</blockquote>

*One should not sit on hair, ashes, bones, potsherds, cotton-seeds and chaff. The life of those who don't sit on these increase. (Manu Smrt. 4.78).<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>अधितिष्ठेन्न केशांस्तु न भस्मास्थिकपालिकाः । न कार्पासास्थि न तुषान्दीर्घं आयुर्जिजीविषुः || ४.७८ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>adhitiṣṭhenna keśāṁstu na bhasmāsthikapālikāḥ । na kārpāsāsthi na tuṣāndīrghaṁ āyurjijīviṣuḥ || 4.78 ||</blockquote>

*One should avoid laying hold of (his own or other people’s) hair in anger, or to striking (himself or others) on the head. After bathing one should not smear oil over the body. (Manu Smrt. 4.83).<ref name=":3" /><blockquote>केशग्रहान्प्रहारांश्च शिरस्येतान्विवर्जयेत् । शिरःस्नातश्च तैलेन नाङ्गं किं चिदपि स्पृशेत् || ४.८३ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>keśagrahānprahārāṁśca śirasyetānvivarjayet । śiraḥsnātaśca tailena nāṅgaṁ kiṁ cidapi spr̥śet || 4.83 ||</blockquote>

*Catching of the hair, as also striking on the head,—these one should avoid; having head bathed, one should touch no limb with oil. (Manu Smrt. 4.83).<ref name=":3">Pt. Sri Rama Ramanuja Acharya, [http://www.srimatham.com/uploads/5/5/4/9/5549439/manu_for_modern_times.pdf The Laws of Manu for the 21st Century], srimatham.com</ref><blockquote>केशग्रहान्प्रहारांश्च शिरस्येतान्विवर्जयेत् । शिरःस्नातश्च तैलेन नाङ्गं किं चिदपि स्पृशेत् || ४.८३ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>keśagrahānprahārāṁśca śirasyetānvivarjayet । śiraḥsnātaśca tailena nāṅgaṁ kiṁ cidapi spr̥śet || 4.83 ||</blockquote>

*One should not cross over the shadow of images of the gods, guru, raja, snataka, acharya, brown cow, and a dikshita in a sacrifice. (Manu Smrt. 4.130).<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>देवतानां गुरो राज्ञः स्नातकाचार्ययोस्तथा । नाक्रामेत्कामतश्छायां बभ्रुणो दीक्षितस्य च || ४.१३० ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>devatānāṁ guro rājñaḥ snātakācāryayostathā । nākrāmetkāmataśchāyāṁ babhruṇo dīkṣitasya ca || 4.130 ||</blockquote>

*One should not cross over the shadow of images of the gods, guru, raja, [[Snataka (स्नातकः)|snataka]], acharya, brown cow, and a dikshita in a sacrifice. (Manu Smrt. 4.130).<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>देवतानां गुरो राज्ञः स्नातकाचार्ययोस्तथा । नाक्रामेत्कामतश्छायां बभ्रुणो दीक्षितस्य च || ४.१३० ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>devatānāṁ guro rājñaḥ snātakācāryayostathā । nākrāmetkāmataśchāyāṁ babhruṇo dīkṣitasya ca || 4.130 ||</blockquote>

*One who desires one's own betterment, should never insult a Kshatriya, a snake, and a learned Brahmana, even if they are weak. Because these three, when being insulted destroy the person who caused it; hence a wise person must never insult them. (Manu Smrt. 4.135 and 136).<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>क्षत्रियं चैव सर्पं च ब्राह्मणं च बहुश्रुतम् । नावमन्येत वै भूष्णुः कृशानपि कदा चन || ४.१३५ ||</blockquote><blockquote>एतत्त्रयं हि पुरुषं निर्दहेदवमानितम् । तस्मादेतत्त्रयं नित्यं नावमन्येत बुद्धिमान् || ४.१३६ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>kṣatriyaṁ caiva sarpaṁ ca brāhmaṇaṁ ca bahuśrutam । nāvamanyeta vai bhūṣṇuḥ kr̥śānapi kadā cana || 4.135 ||</blockquote><blockquote>etattrayaṁ hi puruṣaṁ nirdahedavamānitam । tasmādetattrayaṁ nityaṁ nāvamanyeta buddhimān || 4.136 ||</blockquote>

*One who desires one's own betterment, should never insult a Kshatriya, a snake, and a learned Brahmana, even if they are weak. Because these three, when being insulted destroy the person who caused it; hence a wise person must never insult them. (Manu Smrt. 4.135 and 136).<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>क्षत्रियं चैव सर्पं च ब्राह्मणं च बहुश्रुतम् । नावमन्येत वै भूष्णुः कृशानपि कदा चन || ४.१३५ ||</blockquote><blockquote>एतत्त्रयं हि पुरुषं निर्दहेदवमानितम् । तस्मादेतत्त्रयं नित्यं नावमन्येत बुद्धिमान् || ४.१३६ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>kṣatriyaṁ caiva sarpaṁ ca brāhmaṇaṁ ca bahuśrutam । nāvamanyeta vai bhūṣṇuḥ kr̥śānapi kadā cana || 4.135 ||</blockquote><blockquote>etattrayaṁ hi puruṣaṁ nirdahedavamānitam । tasmādetattrayaṁ nityaṁ nāvamanyeta buddhimān || 4.136 ||</blockquote>

*One should not despise oneself on account of former failures; one's whole life should be spent in the pursuit of one's goals, and never despair of gaining what one seeks. (Manu Smrt. 4.137).<ref name=":3" /><blockquote>नात्मानं अवमन्येत पुर्वाभिरसमृद्धिभिः । आ मृत्योः श्रियं अन्विच्छेन्नैनां मन्येत दुर्लभाम् || ४.१३७ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>nātmānaṁ avamanyeta purvābhirasamr̥ddhibhiḥ । ā mr̥tyoḥ śriyaṁ anvicchennaināṁ manyeta durlabhām || 4.137 ||</blockquote>

*One should not despise oneself by reason of former failures. Until death, one should seek fortune, and should never think it unattainable. (Manu Smrt. 4.137).<ref name=":2" /><blockquote>नात्मानं अवमन्येत पुर्वाभिरसमृद्धिभिः । आ मृत्योः श्रियं अन्विच्छेन्नैनां मन्येत दुर्लभाम् || ४.१३७ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>nātmānaṁ avamanyeta purvābhirasamr̥ddhibhiḥ । ā mr̥tyoḥ śriyaṁ anvicchennaināṁ manyeta durlabhām || 4.137 ||</blockquote>

== References ==

== References ==