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Line 91: − + − + − + − + − − − − − − − + − + − sattvātsaṁjāyate jñānaṁ...॥14.17॥</blockquote>+ − − − rajaso lobha eva ca ।...॥14.17॥</blockquote> − − − pramādamohau tamaso bhavato'jñānameva ca ॥14.17॥</blockquote> − + − + − − ऊर्ध्वं गच्छन्ति सत्त्वस्था मध्ये तिष्ठन्ति राजसाः । जघन्यगुणवृत्तिस्था अधो गच्छन्ति तामसाः ॥१४.१८॥+ − + − those who are moved by rajas remain in the middle; and those who are steeped in tamas, being weighted by the tendencies of the lowest guna, go downward.SN − ऊर्ध्वं गच्छन्ति सत्त्वस्था मध्ये तिष्ठन्ति राजसाः । जघन्यगुणवृत्तिस्था अधो गच्छन्ति तामसाः ॥१४.१८॥+ − + − and those who are steeped in tamas, being weighted by the tendencies of the lowest guna, go downward.SN − ऊर्ध्वं गच्छन्ति सत्त्वस्था मध्ये तिष्ठन्ति राजसाः । जघन्यगुणवृत्तिस्था अधो गच्छन्ति तामसाः ॥१४.१८॥+ − Spotless realms refer to the exalted heavens where tamas and rajas can never assert themselves.SN − − Who know the Highest - who worship such deities as Hiranyagarbha and Brahma. SN − − The word amalan is significant; it means "free from the modes of passion and ignorance." − − By those who are attached to action is meant men. And the creatures devoid of reason refer to beasts and the like.SN − − Good action refers to an action characterised by Sattva. And the happiness that accrues from sattva is a reflection of Bliss of Brahman. SN − − From sattva springs knowledge - it is for this reason that the fruit of action influenced by sattva is characterized by happiness. This knowledge is only a means to the attainment of Self-knowledge.SN − − From rajas, greed - it is for this reason that the fruit of action influenced by rajas bears pain.SN − − ऊर्ध्वं गच्छन्ति सत्त्वस्था मध्ये तिष्ठन्ति राजसाः । जघन्यगुणवृत्तिस्था अधो गच्छन्ति तामसाः ॥१४.१८॥ − − Those situated in the mode of goodness gradually go upward to the higher planets; those in the mode of passion live on the earthly planets and those in the abominable mode of ignorance go down to the hellish worlds. − − Those who are established in sattva go upward; those who are moved by rajas remain in the middle; and those who are steeped in tamas, being weighted by the tendencies of the lowest guna, go downward.SN − − Upward meaning into the realms of higher beings; in the middle meaning among men; tendencies of the lowest guna such as inertia, indolence and so on; downward meaning to the level of beasts.SN − − In this verse the results of actions in the three modes of nature are more explicitly set forth. Also, the word tamasa is very significant.It indicates those who stay continuously in the mode of ignorance without rising to a higher mode. Their future is very dark. −
Guna Traya Vibhaga Yoga (गुणत्रयविभागयोगः) (view source)
Revision as of 16:03, 22 June 2023
, 16:03, 22 June 2023→गुणानां तुलना ॥ Trigunas in Comparison[2][3][5]: Editing
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|Life after death
|Life after death
|When one dies established in the Sattva Guna, one attains the spotless realms of those knowledgeable about the Supreme.<blockquote>यदा सत्त्वे प्रवृद्धे तु प्रलयं याति देहभृत् । तदोत्तमविदां लोकानमलान्प्रतिपद्यते ॥१४.१४॥ yadā sattve pravr̥ddhe tu pralayaṁ yāti dehabhr̥t । tadottamavidāṁ lokānamalānpratipadyate ॥14.14॥</blockquote>
|When one dies established in the Sattva Guna, one attains the spotless realms of those knowledgeable about the Supreme.<blockquote>यदा सत्त्वे प्रवृद्धे तु प्रलयं याति देहभृत् । तदोत्तमविदां लोकानमलान्प्रतिपद्यते ॥१४.१४॥ yadā sattve pravr̥ddhe tu pralayaṁ yāti dehabhr̥t । tadottamavidāṁ lokānamalānpratipadyate ॥14.14॥</blockquote>The realms attained by sattvikas are termed 'amala' or spotless since they are thoroughly free from rajas and tamas. And such realms are attainable only by those engaged in the worship of the Supreme.
|When one dies established in Rajoguna, one takes birth among those engaged in fruitive activities. <blockquote>रजसि प्रलयं गत्वा कर्मसङ्गिषु जायते ।...॥१४.१५॥ rajasi pralayaṁ gatvā karmasaṅgiṣu jāyate ।...॥14.15॥</blockquote>
|When one dies established in Rajoguna, one takes birth among those engaged in fruitive activities. <blockquote>रजसि प्रलयं गत्वा कर्मसङ्गिषु जायते ।...॥१४.१५॥ rajasi pralayaṁ gatvā karmasaṅgiṣu jāyate ।...॥14.15॥</blockquote>
|When one dies established in Tamoguna, one is born in the wombs of those devoid of reason.<blockquote>...तथा प्रलीनस्तमसि मूढयोनिषु जायते ॥१४.१५॥ ...tathā pralīnastamasi mūḍhayoniṣu jāyate ॥14.15॥</blockquote>
|When one dies established in Tamoguna, one is born in the wombs of those devoid of reason.<blockquote>...तथा प्रलीनस्तमसि मूढयोनिषु जायते ॥१४.१५॥ ...tathā pralīnastamasi mūḍhayoniṣu jāyate ॥14.15॥</blockquote>
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|Nature of Fruit
|Nature of Fruit
|The result of pious actions performed in the mode of Sattva is pure. <blockquote>कर्मणः सुकृतस्याहुः सात्त्विकं निर्मलं फलम् ।...॥१४.१६॥
|The result of pious actions performed in the mode of Sattva is pure. <blockquote>कर्मणः सुकृतस्याहुः सात्त्विकं निर्मलं फलम् ।...॥१४.१६॥ karmaṇaḥ sukr̥tasyāhuḥ sāttvikaṁ nirmalaṁ phalam ।...॥14.16॥</blockquote>
|The fruit of rajasika actions is pain. <blockquote>... रजसस्तु फलं दुःखम्...॥१४.१६॥... rajasastu phalaṁ duḥkham...॥14.16॥</blockquote>
karmaṇaḥ sukr̥tasyāhuḥ sāttvikaṁ nirmalaṁ phalam ।...॥14.16॥</blockquote>
|The fruit of tamasika actions is ignorance.<blockquote>...अज्ञानं तमसः फलम् ॥१४.१६॥...ajñānaṁ tamasaḥ phalam ॥14.16॥</blockquote>
|The fruit of rajasika actions is pain. <blockquote>... रजसस्तु फलं दुःखम्...॥१४.१६॥
... rajasastu phalaṁ duḥkham...॥14.16॥</blockquote>
|The fruit of tamasika actions is ignorance.<blockquote>...अज्ञानं तमसः फलम् ॥१४.१६॥
...ajñānaṁ tamasaḥ phalam ॥14.16॥</blockquote>
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|Effects
|Effects
|Sattva gives rise to knowledge.<blockquote>सत्त्वात्संजायते ज्ञानं...॥१४.१७॥
|Sattva gives rise to knowledge.<blockquote>सत्त्वात्संजायते ज्ञानं...॥१४.१७॥sattvātsaṁjāyate jñānaṁ...॥14.17॥</blockquote>
|Rajas gives rise to greed.<blockquote>रजसो लोभ एव च ।...॥१४.१७॥rajaso lobha eva ca ।...॥14.17॥</blockquote>Hence, the result action influenced by rajas is painful.
|Tamas gives rise to insanity, affliction and ignorance.<blockquote>प्रमादमोहौ तमसो भवतोऽज्ञानमेव च ॥१४.१७॥pramādamohau tamaso bhavato'jñānameva ca ॥14.17॥</blockquote>
|Rajas gives rise to greed.<blockquote>रजसो लोभ एव च ।...॥१४.१७॥
|Tamas gives rise to insanity, affliction and ignorance.<blockquote>प्रमादमोहौ तमसो भवतोऽज्ञानमेव च ॥१४.१७॥
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|Dwelling
|Final destination
|Those situated in the mode of goodness gradually go upward to the higher planets;
|Those who are established in sattva guna go upward.<blockquote>ऊर्ध्वं गच्छन्ति सत्त्वस्था...॥१४.१८॥
Those who are established in sattva go upward; those who are moved by rajas remain in the middle; and those who are steeped in tamas, being weighted by the tendencies of the lowest guna, go downward.SN
ūrdhvaṁ gacchanti sattvasthā...॥14.18॥</blockquote>
|those in the mode of passion live on the earthly planets
|Those who are influenced by rajoguna remain on the earth.<blockquote>...मध्ये तिष्ठन्ति राजसाः ।...॥१४.१८॥
...madhye tiṣṭhanti rājasāḥ ।...॥14.18॥</blockquote>
|hose in the abominable mode of ignorance go down to the hellish worlds.
|Those who are steeped in tamas, being weighted by its tendencies, go downward.<blockquote>...जघन्यगुणवृत्तिस्था अधो गच्छन्ति तामसाः ॥१४.१८॥
...jaghanyaguṇavr̥ttisthā adho gacchanti tāmasāḥ ॥14.18॥</blockquote>Therefore, those who are continuously in the mode of tamas, fail to rise to a higher mode.
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== Transcending Trigunas<ref name=":1" /> ==
== Transcending Trigunas<ref name=":1" /> ==
नान्यं गुणेभ्यः कर्तारं यदा द्रष्टानुपश्यति । गुणेभ्यश्च परं वेत्ति मद्भावं सोऽधिगच्छति ॥१४- १९॥
नान्यं गुणेभ्यः कर्तारं यदा द्रष्टानुपश्यति । गुणेभ्यश्च परं वेत्ति मद्भावं सोऽधिगच्छति ॥१४- १९॥