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Line 91: − + + + + + + − yadā sattve pravr̥ddhe tu pralayaṁ yāti dehabhr̥t । tadottamavidāṁ lokānamalānpratipadyate ॥14.14॥</blockquote>+ − + − rajasi pralayaṁ gatvā karmasaṅgiṣu jāyate ।...॥14.15॥</blockquote>+ − + − + − + − + − |the fruit of rajas is pain+ − + − |-+ − |Function+ − + − |from the mode of passion, greed develops+ − |from the mode of ignorance develop foolishness, madness and illusion.+ + + + + + + + + + + − Life after death is influenced by the gunas. − Line 125:
Line 138: − − A summary of the preceding verses: − − कर्मणः सुकृतस्याहुः सात्त्विकं निर्मलं फलम् । रजसस्तु फलं दुःखमज्ञानं तमसः फलम् ॥१४.१६॥ − − The result of pious action is pure and is said to be in the mode of goodness. But action done in the mode of passion results in misery, and action performed in the mode of ignorance results in foolishness. − − The fruit of a good action is said to be good and clean; the fruit of rajas is pain; and the fruit of tamas is ignorance.SN − − The functions of the gunas are summed up: − − सत्त्वात्संजायते ज्ञानं रजसो लोभ एव च । प्रमादमोहौ तमसो भवतोऽज्ञानमेव च ॥१४.१७॥ − − From the mode of goodness, real knowledge develops; from the mode of passion, greed develops and from the mode of ignorance develop foolishness, madness and illusion. − − From sattva springs knowledge, and from rajas greed, from tamas spring inadvertence, delusion and ignorance.SN
Guna Traya Vibhaga Yoga (गुणत्रयविभागयोगः) (view source)
Revision as of 13:27, 22 June 2023
, 13:27, 22 June 2023Editing
aprakāśo'pravr̥ttiśca pramādo moha eva ca । tamasyetāni jāyante vivr̥ddhe kurunandana ॥14.13॥</blockquote>Moreover, a tamasika individual does not work by any regulative principle. In the mode of tamas, even though there is capacity to work, there is absence of endeavour.<ref name=":1" />
aprakāśo'pravr̥ttiśca pramādo moha eva ca । tamasyetāni jāyante vivr̥ddhe kurunandana ॥14.13॥</blockquote>Moreover, a tamasika individual does not work by any regulative principle. In the mode of tamas, even though there is capacity to work, there is absence of endeavour.<ref name=":1" />
== गुणानां तुलना ॥ Trigunas in Comparison ==
== गुणानां तुलना ॥ Trigunas in Comparison<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" /> ==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!
!
|-
|-
|Life after death
|Life after death
|When one dies established in the Sattva Guna, he attains the spotless realms of those knowledgeable about the Supreme.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><blockquote>यदा सत्त्वे प्रवृद्धे तु प्रलयं याति देहभृत् । तदोत्तमविदां लोकानमलान्प्रतिपद्यते ॥१४.१४॥<ref name=":3" />
|When one dies established in the Sattva Guna, one attains the spotless realms of those knowledgeable about the Supreme.<blockquote>यदा सत्त्वे प्रवृद्धे तु प्रलयं याति देहभृत् । तदोत्तमविदां लोकानमलान्प्रतिपद्यते ॥१४.१४॥ yadā sattve pravr̥ddhe tu pralayaṁ yāti dehabhr̥t । tadottamavidāṁ lokānamalānpratipadyate ॥14.14॥</blockquote>
|When one dies established in Rajoguna, one takes birth among those engaged in fruitive activities. <blockquote>रजसि प्रलयं गत्वा कर्मसङ्गिषु जायते ।...॥१४.१५॥ rajasi pralayaṁ gatvā karmasaṅgiṣu jāyate ।...॥14.15॥</blockquote>
|When one dies established in Tamoguna, one is born in the wombs of those devoid of reason.<blockquote>...तथा प्रलीनस्तमसि मूढयोनिषु जायते ॥१४.१५॥ ...tathā pralīnastamasi mūḍhayoniṣu jāyate ॥14.15॥</blockquote>
|-
|Nature of Fruit
|The result of pious actions performed in the mode of Sattva is pure. <blockquote>कर्मणः सुकृतस्याहुः सात्त्विकं निर्मलं फलम् ।...॥१४.१६॥
karmaṇaḥ sukr̥tasyāhuḥ sāttvikaṁ nirmalaṁ phalam ।...॥14.16॥</blockquote>
|When one dies established in Rajoguna, he takes birth among those engaged in fruitive activities.<ref name=":1" /> <blockquote>रजसि प्रलयं गत्वा कर्मसङ्गिषु जायते ।...॥१४.१५॥<ref name=":3" />
|The fruit of rajasika actions is pain. <blockquote>... रजसस्तु फलं दुःखम्...॥१४.१६॥
... rajasastu phalaṁ duḥkham...॥14.16॥</blockquote>
|When one dies established in Tamoguna, he is born in the wombs of those devoid of reason.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><blockquote>...तथा प्रलीनस्तमसि मूढयोनिषु जायते ॥१४.१५॥<ref name=":3" />
|The fruit of tamasika actions is ignorance.<blockquote>...अज्ञानं तमसः फलम् ॥१४.१६॥
...tathā pralīnastamasi mūḍhayoniṣu jāyate ॥14.15॥</blockquote>
...ajñānaṁ tamasaḥ phalam ॥14.16॥</blockquote>
|-
|-
|Fruit
|Effects
|The result of pious action is pure and is said to be in the mode of goodness.
|Sattva gives rise to knowledge.<blockquote>सत्त्वात्संजायते ज्ञानं...॥१४.१७॥
|the fruit of tamas is ignorance.
sattvātsaṁjāyate jñānaṁ...॥14.17॥</blockquote>
|Rajas gives rise to greed.<blockquote>रजसो लोभ एव च ।...॥१४.१७॥
|From the mode of goodness, real knowledge develops
rajaso lobha eva ca ।...॥14.17॥</blockquote>
|Tamas gives rise to insanity, affliction and ignorance.<blockquote>प्रमादमोहौ तमसो भवतोऽज्ञानमेव च ॥१४.१७॥
pramādamohau tamaso bhavato'jñānameva ca ॥14.17॥</blockquote>
|-
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|Dwelling
|Dwelling
|Those situated in the mode of goodness gradually go upward to the higher planets;
|Those situated in the mode of goodness gradually go upward to the higher planets;
Those who are established in sattva go upward; those who are moved by rajas remain in the middle; and those who are steeped in tamas, being weighted by the tendencies of the lowest guna, go downward.SN
ऊर्ध्वं गच्छन्ति सत्त्वस्था मध्ये तिष्ठन्ति राजसाः । जघन्यगुणवृत्तिस्था अधो गच्छन्ति तामसाः ॥१४.१८॥
|those in the mode of passion live on the earthly planets
|those in the mode of passion live on the earthly planets
those who are moved by rajas remain in the middle; and those who are steeped in tamas, being weighted by the tendencies of the lowest guna, go downward.SN
ऊर्ध्वं गच्छन्ति सत्त्वस्था मध्ये तिष्ठन्ति राजसाः । जघन्यगुणवृत्तिस्था अधो गच्छन्ति तामसाः ॥१४.१८॥
|hose in the abominable mode of ignorance go down to the hellish worlds.
|hose in the abominable mode of ignorance go down to the hellish worlds.
and those who are steeped in tamas, being weighted by the tendencies of the lowest guna, go downward.SN
ऊर्ध्वं गच्छन्ति सत्त्वस्था मध्ये तिष्ठन्ति राजसाः । जघन्यगुणवृत्तिस्था अधो गच्छन्ति तामसाः ॥१४.१८॥
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Spotless realms refer to the exalted heavens where tamas and rajas can never assert themselves.SN
Spotless realms refer to the exalted heavens where tamas and rajas can never assert themselves.SN
By those who are attached to action is meant men. And the creatures devoid of reason refer to beasts and the like.SN
By those who are attached to action is meant men. And the creatures devoid of reason refer to beasts and the like.SN
Good action refers to an action characterised by Sattva. And the happiness that accrues from sattva is a reflection of Bliss of Brahman. SN
Good action refers to an action characterised by Sattva. And the happiness that accrues from sattva is a reflection of Bliss of Brahman. SN
From sattva springs knowledge - it is for this reason that the fruit of action influenced by sattva is characterized by happiness. This knowledge is only a means to the attainment of Self-knowledge.SN
From sattva springs knowledge - it is for this reason that the fruit of action influenced by sattva is characterized by happiness. This knowledge is only a means to the attainment of Self-knowledge.SN