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→Activity: Krishna Leela: added content and new heading Bhutasankhya
== Number-line ==
== Number-line ==
[[File:Number knowledge - numberline example.png|right|frameless]]
[[File:Number knowledge - numberline example.png|right|frameless|362x362px]]
We can write whole numbers (and other kinds of numbers) on a horizontal straight line with numbers placed at equal intervals along its length infinitely extending on both sides. The numbers increase as we move from left to right and decrease as we move towards the right side. A number line can be made with numbers with a pattern, for example, a series of numbers differing by 3 can be written on the number line. It helps us compare numbers visually.
We can write whole numbers (and other kinds of numbers) on a horizontal straight line with numbers placed at equal intervals along its length infinitely extending on both sides. The numbers increase as we move from left to right and decrease as we move towards the right side. A number line can be made with numbers with a pattern, for example, a series of numbers differing by 3 can be written on the number line. It helps us compare numbers visually.
We can see that the numbers are increasing by 1 as we go along the number line.
=== Activity: Krishna Leela ===
=== Activity: Krishna Leela ===
Number Exercise: Introduction to number-line. Use a number line (visual of skip counting by 3) to mark the events.
Number Exercise: Introduction to number-line. Use a number line (visual of skip counting by 3) to mark the events.
A. Krishna was taken to Nanda's house in Gokula as soon as he was born.
A. Krishna was taken to Nanda's house in Gokula as soon as he was born. (represented as red dot on the number line)
B. When he was less than a month old, Putana the rakshasi, tried to poison him.
B. When he was less than a month old, Putana the rakshasi, tried to poison him. (represented as red dot on the number line)
C. About the time of his first birthday, Krishna was carried up by Trinavarta, another rakshasa.
C. About the time of his first birthday, Krishna was carried up by Trinavarta, an other rakshasa.
D. Krishna was about five years old when he released Nalakubara and Manigriva from a curse. [[File:Krishna and govardhan mountain.jpg|right|frameless]]E. He was seven years old when he lifted the Govardhana mountain to protect the people of Brindavan from the wrath of Indra.
D. Krishna was about five years old when he released Nalakubara and Manigriva from a curse.
[[File:Krishna and kalindi.jpeg|left|frameless|485x485px]]
E. He was seven years old when he lifted the Govardhana mountain to protect the people of Brindavan from the wrath of Indra.
[[File:Krishna and kalindi.jpeg|left|frameless|452x452px]]
F. At nine years of age Krishna danced on the hood of Kaliya, the snake.
F. At nine years of age Krishna danced on the hood of Kaliya, the snake.
I. Krishna brought back the Syamantaka mani and married Satyabhama at the age of thirty years.
I. Krishna brought back the Syamantaka mani and married Satyabhama at the age of thirty years.
On the number line place a red point noting each age of Krishna's activities and answer the questions given below. Note that 0, 3 up to 30 (skip count by 3) are given on the number line.
[[File:Number knowledge - Number line krishna leela.png|frameless|604x604px]]
# How many events took place before the age of 5? _________________
# How many events took place between the age of 10 and 20 years? _________________
# How many events took place between the age of 20 and 30 years? _________________
== Word Numerals - Ancient Indian System of Representing Numbers ==
Till now we have seen that numbers have
* written symbols called as Anka
* arrangement method which is called as Decimal Place system
* value of numbers
* position
Now, in the early centuries in India, as mathematical system was evolving, our scholars developed a method of expressing numbers as words. They came up with Sankhya samjna, as mentioned in Ganitasaarasangraha or "word numerals". They arranged them just as we see in the place-value notation.
These '''word numerals''' are expressed by names of things, beings or concepts, naturally or in accordance with the terms in Shastras. Thus, the number “'''one”''' is expressed by anything that is markedly unique such as the moon, earth etc and zero is expressed by words meaning sky, empty, complete etc. This system of representing numbers using words is called Bhutasankhya system. The word “Bhutasankhya” is a
[[File:Number knowledge - planets.jpg|right|frameless|275x275px]]
compound word. It is made up of the words bhuta and sankhya.
# Bhuta means ‘a being’
# Samkhya means ‘a number’
In the Bhutasamkhya system, numbers are represented using common words such as:
# The physical bodies such as earth, moon (1), planets (9), stars, oceans, mountain, fire, sky, directions etc.
# The parts of a human body such as eyes, ears (2), jaws, knees, hands, fingers, teeth etc.
# The animals such as serpents, horse, elephants etc. [[File:Number knowledge - Balram.png|frameless|150x150px]]
# The names of the devatas, such as Shiva, Indra, Surya and sometimes historical persons such as Manu, Rama (3) etc.
== References ==
== References ==
[[Category:Education Series]]
[[Category:Education Series]]