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Kala (Samskrit: कला) or Art is a vital component of the Ancient Indian Education System. They are disciplines, a student acquires knowledge of, during the course of training in the गुरुकुल ॥ Gurukula. They are called as चतुःषष्टिः कलाः ॥ Chatusshashti Kala since they are 64 in number.

Kala (Samskrit: कला) or Art is a vital component of the Ancient Indian Education System. They are disciplines, a student acquires knowledge of, during the course of training in the गुरुकुलम् ॥ Gurukula. They are called as चतुःषष्टिः कलाः ॥ Chatusshashti Kala since they are 64 in number.

== परिचयः ॥ Introduction  ==

== परिचयः ॥ Introduction  ==

भारतवर्षः ॥ Bharatavarsha (Ancient Indian Sub-continent) has always attached great value to knowledge. Talking of India's knowledge tradition, Kapil Kapoor says ''"India's''

भारतवर्षः ॥ Bharatavarsha (Ancient Indian Sub-continent) has always attached great value to knowledge. Talking of India's knowledge tradition, Kapil Kapoor says, ''"India's'' ''knowledge tradition is ancient and uninterrupted like the flow of the river Ganga."''  

''knowledge tradition is ancient and uninterrupted like the flow of the river Ganga."'' ज्ञानम् ॥ Jnana (Knowledge) has been at the centre of all speculations in India. There are three terms that appear in all discussions related to knowledge:

ज्ञानम् ॥ Jnana (Knowledge) has been at the centre of all speculations in India. There are three terms that appear in all discussions related to knowledge<ref>Kapoor Kapil and Singh Avadhesh Kumar, [http://iks.iitgn.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Indian-Knowledge-Systems-Kapil-Kapoor.pdf Indian Knowledge Systems], Vol.1, NewDelhi: D.K.Printworld, Pg.no.11</ref>:

* दर्शनम् ॥ Darshana

* दर्शनम् ॥ Darshana

* ज्ञानम् ॥ Jnana

* ज्ञानम् ॥ Jnana

* विद्या ॥ Vidya

* विद्या ॥ Vidya

दर्शनम् ॥ Darshana literally means "a point of view" which leads to ज्ञानम् ॥ Jnana (knowledge). When this knowledge, gathered about a particular domain is organized and systematized for purposes of, चिन्तनम् ॥ Chintana (reflection) and अध्यापनम् ॥ Adhyapana (pedagogy), it attains the status of विद्या ॥ Vidya (discipline).

दर्शनम् ॥ Darshana literally means "a point of view" which leads to ज्ञानम् ॥ Jnana (knowledge). When this knowledge, gathered about a particular domain is organized and systematized for purposes of चिन्तनम् ॥ Chintana (reflection) and अध्यापनम् ॥ Adhyapana (pedagogy), it attains the status of विद्या ॥ Vidya (discipline).

The tradition always talks of a combination 18 major विद्याः ॥ Vidyas (disciplines of knowledge) and 64 कलाः ॥ kalas (arts) while referring to the curriculum of Ancient Indian Education.

The tradition always talks of a combination 18 major विद्याः ॥ Vidyas (disciplines of knowledge) and 64 कलाः ॥ kalas (arts) while referring to the curriculum of Ancient Indian Education<ref>Kapoor Kapil and Singh Avadhesh Kumar, [http://iks.iitgn.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Indian-Knowledge-Systems-Kapil-Kapoor.pdf Indian Knowledge Systems], Vol.1, NewDelhi: D.K.Printworld, Pg.no.18</ref>

The 18 विद्याः ॥ Vidyas include:

The 18 विद्याः ॥ Vidyas include:

== Which are the 64 Kalas ? ==

== Which are the 64 Kalas ? ==

As mentioned above, there are slight variations regarding the enumeration of the 64 कलाः ॥ Kalas (arts). The mention of these arts occur in:  

As mentioned above, there are slight variations regarding the enumeration of the 64 कलाः ॥ Kalas (arts). The mention of these arts occur in:  

* महाभारतम् ॥ Mahabharata by व्यासमहर्षिः ॥ Vyasa Maharshi

* महाभारतम् ॥ Mahabharata by व्यासमहर्षिः ॥ Vyasa Maharshi

* कामसूत्रम् ॥ Kamasutra by वात्स्यायनः ॥ Vatsyayana

* कामसूत्रम् ॥ Kamasutra by वात्स्यायनः ॥ Vatsyayana