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Taittriya Upanishad (तैत्तिरीय-उपनिषद्) (view source)
Revision as of 01:27, 14 April 2017
, 01:27, 14 April 2017→Ninth Anuvaka ॥ ॥ नवमोऽनुवाकः ॥: added content
(They should observe the following): right action and the study and teachings of the Vedas, penance and the study and teachings of the Vedas; control of the senses, and the study and teachings of the Vedas; pacification of the mind and the study and teachings of the Vedas; the (consecration of) fires and the study and teachings of the Vedas; the (performance of) Agnihotra sacrifice and the study and teachings of the Vedas; the (entertaining of) the guests and the study and teachings of the Vedas; the (performance of) human (duties) and the study and teachings of the Vedas; children and the study and teachings of the Vedas; procreation and the study and teachings of the Vedas; grand-children and the study and teachings of the Vedas; Satyavachas, the son of Rathitara (thinks that) truthfulness alone (is necessary). Penance (is only necessary) so (holds) Taponitya, the son of Purushishta. Naka the son of Mudgala (maintains that) the study and teachings of the Vedas only (are necessary); that verily is penance, yes! that is penance.
(They should observe the following): right action and the study and teachings of the Vedas, penance and the study and teachings of the Vedas; control of the senses, and the study and teachings of the Vedas; pacification of the mind and the study and teachings of the Vedas; the (consecration of) fires and the study and teachings of the Vedas; the (performance of) Agnihotra sacrifice and the study and teachings of the Vedas; the (entertaining of) the guests and the study and teachings of the Vedas; the (performance of) human (duties) and the study and teachings of the Vedas; children and the study and teachings of the Vedas; procreation and the study and teachings of the Vedas; grand-children and the study and teachings of the Vedas; Satyavachas, the son of Rathitara (thinks that) truthfulness alone (is necessary). Penance (is only necessary) so (holds) Taponitya, the son of Purushishta. Naka the son of Mudgala (maintains that) the study and teachings of the Vedas only (are necessary); that verily is penance, yes! that is penance.
=====Detailed Explanation <ref name=":3" /> =====
In this chapter the necessity of certain practices for a devotee is urged, hinting thereby that mere theoretical knowledge is not of much use, unless it is coupled with the practice of the enjoined duties (the Nitya karma and the Namittika karma). A great emphasis has been laid on the study and teachings of the Vedas, enjoining thereby that the devotee should pay special attention to them. Also importance of teaching is emphasised; No knowledge becomes thorough and impressive in one's own mind unless it is taught to others. So study and teaching of Vedas has been called here as the highest Tapas.
The right: truthfulness in thought.
Teaching of the Veda: Pravachana may mean loud chanting of Vedas
Penance: Fasting and other kinds of bodily penance
Pacification of the mind: perfect calmness of the mind, borne out of self-control. It also imports the restraining of the mind from forbidden thoughts.
Consecration of Fires: Reference is to igniting and consecration of the five kinds of fire.
Agnihotra sacrifice: Offering of oblation to consecrated fires both morning and eveing.
Human duties: Social duties
Children/ Grand-Children: Race should be propagated through children's children by getting them married.
Satyavachas etc.: Here the sruti indicates that of all the performances mentioned above, the most important for a devotee are Truthfulness, Tapas and the study and teachings of Vedas.
====Ethical duties of human beings - Ninth Anuvāka====
====Ethical duties of human beings - Ninth Anuvāka====