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→श्राद्धकार्यविधिः ॥ Shraddha Karya Vidhi: Formatting
== श्राद्धकार्यविधिः ॥ Shraddha Karya Vidhi ==
== श्राद्धकार्यविधिः ॥ Shraddha Karya Vidhi ==
Let him first invite a (Brahmana) in honour of the gods as a protection for the (offering to the forefathers); for the Rakshasas destroy a funeral sacrifice which is left without such a protection. (3.204)
* Let him first invite a (Brahmana) in honour of the gods as a protection for the (offering to the forefathers); for the Rakshasas destroy a funeral sacrifice which is left without such a protection. (3.204)
<blockquote>तेषां आरक्षभूतं तु पूर्वं दैवं नियोजयेत् । रक्सांसि विप्रलुम्पन्ति श्राद्धं आरक्षवर्जितम् । । ३.२०४ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>teṣāṁ ārakṣabhūtaṁ tu pūrvaṁ daivaṁ niyojayet । raksāṁsi vipralumpanti śrāddhaṁ ārakṣavarjitam । । 3.204 । ।</blockquote>
तेषां आरक्षभूतं तु पूर्वं दैवं नियोजयेत् । रक्सांसि विप्रलुम्पन्ति श्राद्धं आरक्षवर्जितम् । । ३.२०४ । ।
* Let him make (the Shraddha) begin and end with (a rite) in honour of the gods; it shall not begin and end with a (rite) to the forefathers; for he who makes it begin and end with a (rite) in honour of the forefathers, soon perishes together with his progeny. (3.205)
<blockquote>दैवाद्यन्तं तदीहेत पित्राद्यन्तं न तद्भवेत् । पित्राद्यन्तं त्वीहमानः क्षिप्रं नश्यति सान्वयः । । ३.२०५ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>daivādyantaṁ tadīheta pitrādyantaṁ na tadbhavet । pitrādyantaṁ tvīhamānaḥ kṣipraṁ naśyati sānvayaḥ । । 3.205 । ।</blockquote>
teṣāṁ ārakṣabhūtaṁ tu pūrvaṁ daivaṁ niyojayet । raksāṁsi vipralumpanti śrāddhaṁ ārakṣavarjitam । । 3.204 । ।
* Let him smear a pure and secluded place with cowdung, and carefully make it sloping towards the south. (3.206) The forefathers are always pleased with offerings made in open, naturally pure places, on the banks of rivers, and in secluded spots. (3.207)
<blockquote>शुचिं देशं विविक्तं च गोमयेनोपलेपयेत् । दक्षिनाप्रवणं चैव प्रयत्नेनोपपादयेत् । । ३.२०६ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>अवकाशेषु चोक्षेषु जलतीरेषु चैव हि । विविक्तेषु च तुष्यन्ति दत्तेन पितरः सदा । । ३.२०७ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>śuciṁ deśaṁ viviktaṁ ca gomayenopalepayet । dakṣināpravaṇaṁ caiva prayatnenopapādayet । । 3.206 । । </blockquote><blockquote>avakāśeṣu cokṣeṣu jalatīreṣu caiva hi । vivikteṣu ca tuṣyanti dattena pitaraḥ sadā । । 3.207 । ।</blockquote>
Let him make (the Shraddha) begin and end with (a rite) in honour of the gods; it shall not begin and end with a (rite) to the forefathers; for he who makes it begin and end with a (rite) in honour of the forefathers, soon perishes together with his progeny. (3.205)
* The (sacrificer) shall make the (invited) Brahmanas, who have duly performed their ablutions, sit down on separate, prepared seats, on which blades of Kusa grass have been placed. (3.208) Having placed those blameless Brahmanas on their seats, he shall honour them with fragrant garlands and perfumes, beginning with (those who are invited in honour of) the gods. (3.209)
<blockquote>आसनेषूपक्ल्प्तेषु बर्हिष्मत्सु पृथक्पृथक् । उपस्पृष्टोदकान्सम्यग्विप्रांस्तानुपवेशयेत् । । ३.२०८ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>उपवेश्य तु तान्विप्रानासनेष्वजुगुप्सितान् । गन्धमाल्यैः सुरभिभिरर्चयेद्दैवपूर्वकम् । । ३.२०९ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>āsaneṣūpaklpteṣu barhiṣmatsu pr̥thakpr̥thak । upaspr̥ṣṭodakānsamyagviprāṁstānupaveśayet । । 3.208 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>upaveśya tu tānviprānāsaneṣvajugupsitān । gandhamālyaiḥ surabhibhirarcayeddaivapūrvakam । । 3.209 । ।</blockquote>
दैवाद्यन्तं तदीहेत पित्राद्यन्तं न तद्भवेत् । पित्राद्यन्तं त्वीहमानः क्षिप्रं नश्यति सान्वयः । । ३.२०५ । ।
* Having presented to them water, sesamum grains, and blades of Kusa grass, the Brahmana (sacrificer) shall offer (oblations) in the sacred fire, after having received permission (to do so) from (all) the Brahmana (guests) conjointly. (3.210)
<blockquote>तेषां उदकं आनीय सपवित्रांस्तिलानपि । अग्नौ कुर्यादनुज्ञातो ब्राह्मणो ब्राह्मणैः सह । । ३.२१० । ।</blockquote><blockquote>teṣāṁ udakaṁ ānīya sapavitrāṁstilānapi । agnau kuryādanujñāto brāhmaṇo brāhmaṇaiḥ saha । । 3.210 । ।</blockquote>
daivādyantaṁ tadīheta pitrādyantaṁ na tadbhavet । pitrādyantaṁ tvīhamānaḥ kṣipraṁ naśyati sānvayaḥ । । 3.205 । ।
* Having first, according to the rule, performed, as a means of protecting (the Shraddha), oblations to Agni, to Soma, and to Yama, let him afterwards satisfy the forefathers by a gift of sacrificial food. (3.211) But if no (sacred) fire (is available), he shall place (the offerings) into the hand of a Brahmana; for Brahmanas who know the sacred texts declare, 'What fire is, even such is a Brahmana.'(3.212)
<blockquote>अग्नेः सोमयमाभ्यां च कृत्वाप्यायनं आदितः । हविर्दानेन विधिवत्पश्चात्संतर्पयेत्पितॄन् । । ३.२११ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>अग्न्यभावे तु विप्रस्य पाणावेवोपपादयेत् । यो ह्यग्निः स द्विजो विप्रैर्मन्त्रदर्शिभिरुच्यते । । ३.२१२ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>agneḥ somayamābhyāṁ ca kr̥tvāpyāyanaṁ āditaḥ । havirdānena vidhivatpaścātsaṁtarpayetpitr̥̄n । । 3.211 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>agnyabhāve tu viprasya pāṇāvevopapādayet । yo hyagniḥ sa dvijo viprairmantradarśibhirucyate । । 3.212 । ।</blockquote>
Let him smear a pure and secluded place with cowdung, and carefully make it sloping towards the south. (3.206) The forefathers are always pleased with offerings made in open, naturally pure places, on the banks of rivers, and in secluded spots. (3.207)
* After he has performed (the oblations) in the fire, (and) the whole series of ceremonies in such a manner that they end in the south, let him sprinkle water with his right hand on the spot (where the cakes are to be placed). (3.214) But having made three cakes out of the remainder of that sacrificial food, he must, concentrating his mind and turning towards the south, place them on (Kusa grass) exactly in the same manner in which (he poured out the libations of) water. (3.215)
<blockquote>अपसव्यं अग्नौ कृत्वा सर्वं आवृत्य विक्रमम् । अपसव्येन हस्तेन निर्वपेदुदकं भुवि । । ३.२१४ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>त्रींस्तु तस्माद्धविःशेषात्पिण्डान्कृत्वा समाहितः । औदकेनैव विधिना निर्वपेद्दक्षिणामुखः । । ३.२१५ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>apasavyaṁ agnau kr̥tvā sarvaṁ āvr̥tya vikramam । apasavyena hastena nirvapedudakaṁ bhuvi । । 3.214 । ।
शुचिं देशं विविक्तं च गोमयेनोपलेपयेत् । दक्षिनाप्रवणं चैव प्रयत्नेनोपपादयेत् । । ३.२०६ । ।
trīṁstu tasmāddhaviḥśeṣātpiṇḍānkr̥tvā samāhitaḥ । audakenaiva vidhinā nirvapeddakṣiṇāmukhaḥ । । 3.215 । ।</blockquote>
* Having offered those cakes according to the (prescribed) rule, being pure, let him wipe the same hand with (the roots of) those blades of Kusa grass for the sake of the (three ancestors) who partake of the wipings (lepa). (3.216)
अवकाशेषु चोक्षेषु जलतीरेषु चैव हि । विविक्तेषु च तुष्यन्ति दत्तेन पितरः सदा । । ३.२०७ । ।
<blockquote>न्युप्य पिण्डांस्ततस्तांस्तु प्रयतो विधिपूर्वकम् । तेषु दर्भेषु तं हस्तं निर्मृज्याल्लेपभागिनाम् । । ३.२१६ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>nyupya piṇḍāṁstatastāṁstu prayato vidhipūrvakam । teṣu darbheṣu taṁ hastaṁ nirmr̥jyāllepabhāginām । । 3.216 । ।</blockquote>
* Having (next) sipped water, turned round (towards the north), and thrice slowly suppressed his breath, (the sacrificer) who knows the sacred texts shall worship (the guardian deities of) the six seasons and the forefathers. (3.217)
śuciṁ deśaṁ viviktaṁ ca gomayenopalepayet । dakṣināpravaṇaṁ caiva prayatnenopapādayet । । 3.206 । ।
<blockquote>आचम्योदक्परावृत्य त्रिरायम्य शनैरसून् । षडृतूंश्च नमस्कुर्यात्पितॄनेव च मन्त्रवत् । । ३.२१७ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>ācamyodakparāvr̥tya trirāyamya śanairasūn । ṣaḍr̥tūṁśca namaskuryātpitr̥̄neva ca mantravat । । 3.217 । ।</blockquote>
avakāśeṣu cokṣeṣu jalatīreṣu caiva hi । vivikteṣu ca tuṣyanti dattena pitaraḥ sadā । । 3.207 । ।
* Let him gently pour out the remainder of the water near the cakes, and, with fixed attention, smell those cakes, in the order in which they were placed (on the ground). (3.218) But taking successively very small portions from the cakes, he shall make those seated Brahmana eat them, in accordance with the rule, before (their dinner). (3.219)
<blockquote>उदकं निनयेच्छेषं शनैः पिण्डान्तिके पुनः । अवजिघ्रेच्च तान्पिण्डान्यथान्युप्तान्समाहितः । । ३.२१८ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>पिण्डेभ्यस्त्वल्पिकां मात्रां समादायानुपूर्वशः । तानेव विप्रानासीनान्विधिवत्पूर्वं आशयेत् । । ३.२१९ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>udakaṁ ninayeccheṣaṁ śanaiḥ piṇḍāntike punaḥ । avajighrecca tānpiṇḍānyathānyuptānsamāhitaḥ । । 3.218 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>piṇḍebhyastvalpikāṁ mātrāṁ samādāyānupūrvaśaḥ । tāneva viprānāsīnānvidhivatpūrvaṁ āśayet । । 3.219 । ।</blockquote>
The (sacrificer) shall make the (invited) Brahmanas, who have duly performed their ablutions, sit down on separate, prepared seats, on which blades of Kusa grass have been placed. (3.208) Having placed those blameless Brahmanas on their seats, he shall honour them with fragrant garlands and perfumes, beginning with (those who are invited in honour of) the gods. (3.209)
* But if the (sacrificer's) father is living, he must offer (the cakes) to three remoter (ancestors); or he may also feed his father at the funeral sacrifice as (one of the) Brahmana (guests). (3.220) But he whose father is dead, while his grandfather lives, shall, after pronouncing his father's name, mention (that of) his great-grandfather.(3.221) Manu has declared that either the grandfather may eat at that Shraddha (as a guest), or (the grandson) having received permission, may perform it, as he desires. (3.222)
<blockquote>ध्रियमाणे तु पितरि पूर्वेषां एव निर्वपेत् । विप्रवद्वापि तं श्राद्धे स्वकं पितरं आशयेत् । । ३.२२० । ।</blockquote><blockquote>पिता यस्य निवृत्तः स्याज्जीवेच्चापि पितामहः । पितुः स नाम सङ्कीर्त्य कीर्तयेत्प्रपितामहम् । । ३.२२१ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>पितामहो वा तच्छ्राद्धं भुञ्जीतेत्यब्रवीन्मनुः । कामं वा समनुज्ञातः स्वयं एव समाचरेत् । । ३.२२२ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>dhriyamāṇe tu pitari pūrveṣāṁ eva nirvapet । vipravadvāpi taṁ śrāddhe svakaṁ pitaraṁ āśayet । । 3.220 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>pitā yasya nivr̥ttaḥ syājjīveccāpi pitāmahaḥ । pituḥ sa nāma saṅkīrtya kīrtayetprapitāmaham । । 3.221 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>pitāmaho vā tacchrāddhaṁ bhuñjītetyabravīnmanuḥ । kāmaṁ vā samanujñātaḥ svayaṁ eva samācaret । । 3.222 । ।</blockquote>
आसनेषूपक्ल्प्तेषु बर्हिष्मत्सु पृथक्पृथक् । उपस्पृष्टोदकान्सम्यग्विप्रांस्तानुपवेशयेत् । । ३.२०८ । ।
* Having poured water mixed with sesamum, in which a blade of Kusa grass has been placed, into the hands of the (guests), he shall give (to each) that (above-mentioned) portion of the cake, saying, 'To those, Svadha!'(3.223)
<blockquote>तेषां दत्त्वा तु हस्तेषु सपवित्रं तिलोदकम् । तत्पिण्डाग्रं प्रयच्छेत स्वधैषां अस्त्विति ब्रुवन् । । ३.२२३ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>teṣāṁ dattvā tu hasteṣu sapavitraṁ tilodakam । tatpiṇḍāgraṁ prayaccheta svadhaiṣāṁ astviti bruvan । । 3.223 । ।</blockquote>
उपवेश्य तु तान्विप्रानासनेष्वजुगुप्सितान् । गन्धमाल्यैः सुरभिभिरर्चयेद्दैवपूर्वकम् । । ३.२०९ । ।
* But carrying (the vessel) filled with food with both hands, the (sacrificer) himself shall gently place it before the Brahmanas, meditating on the forefathers. (3.224) The malevolent Asuras forcibly snatch away that food which is brought without being held with both hands. (3.225)
<blockquote>पाणिभ्यां तूपसंगृह्य स्वयं अन्नस्य वर्धितम् । विप्रान्तिके पितॄन्ध्यायन्शनकैरुपनिक्षिपेत् । । ३.२२४ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>उभयोर्हस्तयोर्मुक्तं यदन्नं उपनीयते । तद्विप्रलुम्पन्त्यसुराः सहसा दुष्टचेतसः । । ३.२२५ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>pāṇibhyāṁ tūpasaṁgr̥hya svayaṁ annasya vardhitam । viprāntike pitr̥̄ndhyāyanśanakairupanikṣipet । । 3.224 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>ubhayorhastayormuktaṁ yadannaṁ upanīyate । tadvipralumpantyasurāḥ sahasā duṣṭacetasaḥ । । 3.225 । ।</blockquote>
āsaneṣūpaklpteṣu barhiṣmatsu pr̥thakpr̥thak । upaspr̥ṣṭodakānsamyagviprāṁstānupaveśayet । । 3.208 । ।
* Let him, being pure and attentive, carefully place on the ground the seasoning (for the rice), such as broths and pot herbs, sweet and sour milk, and honey, (3.226)
upaveśya tu tānviprānāsaneṣvajugupsitān । gandhamālyaiḥ surabhibhirarcayeddaivapūrvakam । । 3.209 । ।
<blockquote>गुणांश्च सूपशाकाद्यान्पयो दधि घृतं मधु । विन्यसेत्प्रयतः पूर्वं भूमावेव समाहितः । । ३.२२६ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>guṇāṁśca sūpaśākādyānpayo dadhi ghr̥taṁ madhu । vinyasetprayataḥ pūrvaṁ bhūmāveva samāhitaḥ । । 3.226 । ।</blockquote>
* All this he shall present (to his guests), being pure and attentive, successively invite them to partake of each (dish), proclaiming its qualities. (3.228)
Having presented to them water, sesamum grains, and blades of Kusa grass, the Brahmana (sacrificer) shall offer (oblations) in the sacred fire, after having received permission (to do so) from (all) the Brahmana (guests) conjointly. (3.210)
<blockquote>उपनीय तु तत्सर्वं शनकैः सुसमाहितः । परिवेषयेत प्रयतो गुणान्सर्वान्प्रचोदयन् । । ३.२२८ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>upanīya tu tatsarvaṁ śanakaiḥ susamāhitaḥ । pariveṣayeta prayato guṇānsarvānpracodayan । । 3.228 । ।</blockquote>
* Let him on no account drop a tear, become angry or utter an untruth, nor let him touch the food with his foot nor violently shake it. (3.229) A tear sends the (food) to the Pretas, anger to his enemies, a falsehood to the dogs, contact with his foot to the Rakshasas, a shaking to the sinners. (3.230)
तेषां उदकं आनीय सपवित्रांस्तिलानपि । अग्नौ कुर्यादनुज्ञातो ब्राह्मणो ब्राह्मणैः सह । । ३.२१० । ।
<blockquote>नास्रं आपातयेज्जातु न कुप्येन्नानृतं वदेत् । न पादेन स्पृशेदन्नं न चैतदवधूनयेत् । । ३.२२९ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>अस्रं गमयति प्रेतान्कोपोऽरीननृतं शुनः । पादस्पर्शस्तु रक्षांसि दुष्कृतीनवधूननम् । । ३.२३० । ।</blockquote><blockquote>nāsraṁ āpātayejjātu na kupyennānr̥taṁ vadet । na pādena spr̥śedannaṁ na caitadavadhūnayet । । 3.229 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>asraṁ gamayati pretānkopo'rīnanr̥taṁ śunaḥ । pādasparśastu rakṣāṁsi duṣkr̥tīnavadhūnanam । । 3.230 । ।</blockquote>
* Whatever may please the Brahmanas, let him give without grudging it; let him give riddles from the Veda, for that is agreeable to the forefathers. (3.231)
teṣāṁ udakaṁ ānīya sapavitrāṁstilānapi । agnau kuryādanujñāto brāhmaṇo brāhmaṇaiḥ saha । । 3.210 । ।
<blockquote>यद्यद्रोचेत विप्रेभ्यस्तत्तद्दद्यादमत्सरः । ब्रह्मोद्याश्च कथाः कुर्यात्पितॄणां एतदीप्सितम् । । ३.२३१ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>yadyadroceta viprebhyastattaddadyādamatsaraḥ । brahmodyāśca kathāḥ kuryātpitr̥̄ṇāṁ etadīpsitam । । 3.231 । ।</blockquote>
* At a (sacrifice in honour) of the forefathers, he must let (his guests) hear the Veda, the Institutes of the sacred law, legends, tales, Puranas, and Khilas. (3.232)
Having first, according to the rule, performed, as a means of protecting (the Shraddha), oblations to Agni, to Soma, and to Yama, let him afterwards satisfy the forefathers by a gift of sacrificial food. (3.211) But if no (sacred) fire (is available), he shall place (the offerings) into the hand of a Brahmana; for Brahmanas who know the sacred texts declare, 'What fire is, even such is a Brahmana.'(3.212)
<blockquote>स्वाध्यायं श्रावयेत्पित्र्ये धर्मशास्त्राणि चैव हि । आख्यानानीतिहासांश्च पुराणानि खिलानि च । । ३.२३२ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>svādhyāyaṁ śrāvayetpitrye dharmaśāstrāṇi caiva hi । ākhyānānītihāsāṁśca purāṇāni khilāni ca । । 3.232 । ।</blockquote>
* Himself being delighted, let him give delight to the Brahmanas, cause them to partake gradually and slowly (of each dish), and repeatedly invite (them to eat) by (offering) the food and (praising) its qualities. (3.233)
अग्नेः सोमयमाभ्यां च कृत्वाप्यायनं आदितः । हविर्दानेन विधिवत्पश्चात्संतर्पयेत्पितॄन् । । ३.२११ । ।
<blockquote>हर्षयेद्ब्राह्मणांस्तुष्टो भोजयेच्च शनैःशनैः । अन्नाद्येनासकृच्चैतान्गुणैश्च परिचोदयेत् । । ३.२३३ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>harṣayedbrāhmaṇāṁstuṣṭo bhojayecca śanaiḥśanaiḥ । annādyenāsakr̥ccaitānguṇaiśca paricodayet । । 3.233 । ।</blockquote>
* Let him eagerly entertain at a funeral sacrifice a daughter's son, though he be a student, and let him place a Nepal blanket on the seat (of each guest), scattering sesamum grains on the ground. (3.234) There are three means of sanctification, (to be used) at a Shraddha, a daughter's son, a Nepal blanket, and sesamum grains; and they recommend three (other things) for it, cleanliness, suppression of anger, and absence of haste. (3.235)
अग्न्यभावे तु विप्रस्य पाणावेवोपपादयेत् । यो ह्यग्निः स द्विजो विप्रैर्मन्त्रदर्शिभिरुच्यते । । ३.२१२ । ।
<blockquote>व्रतस्थं अपि दौहित्रं श्राद्धे यत्नेन भोजयेत् । कुतपं चासनं दद्यात्तिलैश्च विकिरेन्महीम् । । ३.२३४ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>त्रीणि श्राद्धे पवित्राणि दौहित्रः कुतपस्तिलाः । त्रीणि चात्र प्रशंसन्ति शौचं अक्रोधं अत्वराम् । । ३.२३५ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>vratasthaṁ api dauhitraṁ śrāddhe yatnena bhojayet । kutapaṁ cāsanaṁ dadyāttilaiśca vikirenmahīm । । 3.234 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>trīṇi śrāddhe pavitrāṇi dauhitraḥ kutapastilāḥ । trīṇi cātra praśaṁsanti śaucaṁ akrodhaṁ atvarām । । 3.235 । ।</blockquote>
* All the food must be very hot, and the (guests) shall eat in silence; (even though) asked by the giver (of the feast), the Brahmanas shall not proclaim the qualities of the sacrificial food. (3.236)
agneḥ somayamābhyāṁ ca kr̥tvāpyāyanaṁ āditaḥ । havirdānena vidhivatpaścātsaṁtarpayetpitr̥̄n । । 3.211 । ।
<blockquote>अत्युष्णं सर्वं अन्नं स्याद्भुञ्जीरंस्ते च वाग्यताः । न च द्विजातयो ब्रूयुर्दात्रा पृष्टा हविर्गुणान् । । ३.२३६ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>atyuṣṇaṁ sarvaṁ annaṁ syādbhuñjīraṁste ca vāgyatāḥ । na ca dvijātayo brūyurdātrā pr̥ṣṭā havirguṇān । । 3.236 । ।</blockquote>
agnyabhāve tu viprasya pāṇāvevopapādayet । yo hyagniḥ sa dvijo viprairmantradarśibhirucyate । । 3.212 । ।
* As long as the food remains warm, as long as they eat in silence, as long as the qualities of the food are not proclaimed, so long the forefathers partake (of it). (3.237). What (a guest) eats, covering his head, what he eats with his face turned towards the south, what he eats with sandals on (his feet), that the Rakshasas consume. (3.238)
<blockquote>यावदुष्मा भवत्यन्नं यावदश्नन्ति वाग्यताः । पितरस्तावदश्नन्ति यावन्नोक्ता हविर्गुणाः । । ३.२३७ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>ज्यायांसं अनयोर्विद्याद्यस्य स्याच्छ्रोत्रियः पिता । मन्त्रसंपूजनार्थं तु सत्कारं इतरोऽर्हति । । ३.१३७ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>yāvaduṣmā bhavatyannaṁ yāvadaśnanti vāgyatāḥ । pitarastāvadaśnanti yāvannoktā havirguṇāḥ । । 3.237 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>jyāyāṁsaṁ anayorvidyādyasya syācchrotriyaḥ pitā । mantrasaṁpūjanārthaṁ tu satkāraṁ itaro'rhati । । 3.137 । ।</blockquote>
After he has performed (the oblations) in the fire, (and) the whole series of ceremonies in such a manner that they end in the south, let him sprinkle water with his right hand on the spot (where the cakes are to be placed). (3.214) But having made three cakes out of the remainder of that sacrificial food, he must, concentrating his mind and turning towards the south, place them on (Kusa grass) exactly in the same manner in which (he poured out the libations of) water. (3.215)
* To a Brahmana (householder), or to an ascetic who comes for food, he may, with the permission of (his) Brahmana (guests), show honour according to his ability. (3.243)
<blockquote>दातॄन्प्रतिग्रहीतॄंश्च कुरुते फलभागिनः । विदुषे दक्षिणां दत्त्वा विधिवत्प्रेत्य चेह च । । ३.१४३ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>dātr̥̄npratigrahītr̥̄ṁśca kurute phalabhāginaḥ । viduṣe dakṣiṇāṁ dattvā vidhivatpretya ceha ca । । 3.143 । ।</blockquote>
अपसव्यं अग्नौ कृत्वा सर्वं आवृत्य विक्रमम् । अपसव्येन हस्तेन निर्वपेदुदकं भुवि । । ३.२१४ । ।
* Let him mix all the kinds of food together, sprinkle them with water and put them, scattering them (on Kusa grass), down on the ground in front of (his guests), when they have finished their meal. (3.244)
<blockquote>कामं श्राद्धेऽर्चयेन्मित्रं नाभिरूपं अपि त्वरिम् । द्विषता हि हविर्भुक्तं भवति प्रेत्य निष्फलम् । । ३.१४४ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>kāmaṁ śrāddhe'rcayenmitraṁ nābhirūpaṁ api tvarim । dviṣatā hi havirbhuktaṁ bhavati pretya niṣphalam । । 3.144 । ।</blockquote>
त्रींस्तु तस्माद्धविःशेषात्पिण्डान्कृत्वा समाहितः । औदकेनैव विधिना निर्वपेद्दक्षिणामुखः । । ३.२१५ । ।
* But before the performance of the Sapindikarana, one must feed at the funeral sacrifice in honour of a (recently-) deceased Aryan (one Brahmana) without (making an offering) to the gods, and give one cake only. (3.247) But after the Sapindikarana of the (deceased father) has been performed according to the sacred law, the sons must offer the cakes with those ceremonies, (described above.) (3.248)
<blockquote>एष वै प्रथमः कल्पः प्रदाने हव्यकव्ययोः । अनुकल्पस्त्वयं ज्ञेयः सदा सद्भिरनुष्ठितः । । ३.१४७ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>मातामहं मातुलं च स्वस्रीयं श्वशुरं गुरुम् । दौहित्रं विट्पतिं बन्धुं ऋत्विग्याज्यौ च भोजयेत् । । ३.१४८ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>eṣa vai prathamaḥ kalpaḥ pradāne havyakavyayoḥ । anukalpastvayaṁ jñeyaḥ sadā sadbhiranuṣṭhitaḥ । । 3.147 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>mātāmahaṁ mātulaṁ ca svasrīyaṁ śvaśuraṁ gurum । dauhitraṁ viṭpatiṁ bandhuṁ r̥tvigyājyau ca bhojayet । । 3.148 । ।</blockquote>
apasavyaṁ agnau kr̥tvā sarvaṁ āvr̥tya vikramam । apasavyena hastena nirvapedudakaṁ bhuvi । । 3.214 । ।
* Having addressed the question, 'Have you dined well?' (to his guests), let him give water for sipping to them who are satisfied, and dismiss them, after they have sipped water, (with the words) 'Rest either (here or at home)!'(3.251)
trīṁstu tasmāddhaviḥśeṣātpiṇḍānkr̥tvā samāhitaḥ । audakenaiva vidhinā nirvapeddakṣiṇāmukhaḥ । । 3.215 । ।
<blockquote>जटिलं चानधीयानं दुर्बालं कितवं तथा । याजयन्ति च ये पूगांस्तांश्च श्राद्धे न भोजयेत् । । ३.१५१ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>jaṭilaṁ cānadhīyānaṁ durbālaṁ kitavaṁ tathā । yājayanti ca ye pūgāṁstāṁśca śrāddhe na bhojayet । । 3.151 । ।</blockquote>
* The Brahmana (guests) shall then answer him, 'Let there be Svadha;' for at all rites in honour of the forefathers the word Svadha is the highest benison. (3.252)
Having offered those cakes according to the (prescribed) rule, being pure, let him wipe the same hand with (the roots of) those blades of Kusa grass for the sake of the (three ancestors) who partake of the wipings (lepa). (3.216)
<blockquote>चिकित्सकान्देवलकान्मांसविक्रयिणस्तथा । विपणेन च जीवन्तो वर्ज्याः स्युर्हव्यकव्ययोः । । ३.१५२ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>cikitsakāndevalakānmāṁsavikrayiṇastathā । vipaṇena ca jīvanto varjyāḥ syurhavyakavyayoḥ । । 3.152 । ।</blockquote>
* Next let him inform (his guests) who have finished their meal, of the food which remains; with the permission of the Brahmanas let him dispose (of that), as they may direct. (3.253)
न्युप्य पिण्डांस्ततस्तांस्तु प्रयतो विधिपूर्वकम् । तेषु दर्भेषु तं हस्तं निर्मृज्याल्लेपभागिनाम् । । ३.२१६ । ।
<blockquote>प्रेष्यो ग्रामस्य राज्ञश्च कुनखी श्यावदन्तकः । प्रतिरोद्धा गुरोश्चैव त्यक्ताग्निर्वार्धुषिस्तथा । । ३.१५३ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>preṣyo grāmasya rājñaśca kunakhī śyāvadantakaḥ । pratiroddhā guroścaiva tyaktāgnirvārdhuṣistathā । । 3.153 । ।</blockquote>
* At a (Shraddha) in honour of the forefathers one must use (in asking of the guests if they are satisfied, the word) svaditam; at a Goshthi-sraddha, (the word) susrutam; at a Vriddhi-sraddha, (the word) sampannam; and at (a rite) in honour of the gods, (the word) rukitam. (3.254)
nyupya piṇḍāṁstatastāṁstu prayato vidhipūrvakam । teṣu darbheṣu taṁ hastaṁ nirmr̥jyāllepabhāginām । । 3.216 । ।
<blockquote>यक्ष्मी च पशुपालश्च परिवेत्ता निराकृतिः । ब्रह्मद्विट्परिवित्तिश्च गणाभ्यन्तर एव च । । ३.१५४ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>yakṣmī ca paśupālaśca parivettā nirākr̥tiḥ । brahmadviṭparivittiśca gaṇābhyantara eva ca । । 3.154 । ।</blockquote>
* The afternoon, Kusa grass, the due preparation of the dwelling, sesamum grains, liberality, the careful preparation of the food, and (the company of) distinguished Brahmanas are true riches at all funeral sacrifices. (3.255)
Having (next) sipped water, turned round (towards the north), and thrice slowly suppressed his breath, (the sacrificer) who knows the sacred texts shall worship (the guardian deities of) the six seasons and the forefathers. (3.217)
<blockquote>कुशीलवोऽवकीर्णी च वृषलीपतिरेव च । पौनर्भवश्च काणश्च यस्य चोपपतिर्गृहे । । ३.१५५ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>kuśīlavo'vakīrṇī ca vr̥ṣalīpatireva ca । paunarbhavaśca kāṇaśca yasya copapatirgr̥he । । 3.155 । ।</blockquote>
* The food eaten by hermits in the forest, milk, Soma-juice, meat which is not prepared (with spices), and salt unprepared by art, are called, on account of their nature, sacrificial food. (3.257)
आचम्योदक्परावृत्य त्रिरायम्य शनैरसून् । षडृतूंश्च नमस्कुर्यात्पितॄनेव च मन्त्रवत् । । ३.२१७ । ।
<blockquote>अकारणे परित्यक्ता मातापित्रोर्गुरोस्तथा । ब्राह्मैर्यौनैश्च संबन्धैः संयोगं पतितैर्गतः । । ३.१५७ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>akāraṇe parityaktā mātāpitrorgurostathā । brāhmairyaunaiśca saṁbandhaiḥ saṁyogaṁ patitairgataḥ । । 3.157 । ।</blockquote>
* Having dismissed the (invited) Brahmanas, let him, with a concentrated mind, silent and pure, look towards the south and ask these blessings of the forefathers: (3.258) 'May liberal men abound with us! May (our knowledge of) the Vedas and (our) progeny increase! May faith not forsake us! May we have much to give (to the needy)!'(3.259)
ācamyodakparāvr̥tya trirāyamya śanairasūn । ṣaḍr̥tūṁśca namaskuryātpitr̥̄neva ca mantravat । । 3.217 । ।
<blockquote>अगारदाही गरदः कुण्डाशी सोमविक्रयी । समुद्रयायी बन्दी च तैलिकः कूटकारकः । । ३.१५८ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>पित्रा विवदमानश्च कितवो मद्यपस्तथा । पापरोग्यभिशस्तश्च दाम्भिको रसविक्रयी । । ३.१५९ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>agāradāhī garadaḥ kuṇḍāśī somavikrayī । samudrayāyī bandī ca tailikaḥ kūṭakārakaḥ । । 3.158 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>pitrā vivadamānaśca kitavo madyapastathā । pāparogyabhiśastaśca dāmbhiko rasavikrayī । । 3.159 । ।</blockquote>
* Having thus offered (the cakes), let him, after (the prayer), cause a cow, a Brahmana, a goat, or the sacred fire to consume those cakes, or let him throw them into water. (3.260) Some make the offering of the cakes after (the dinner); some cause (them) to be eaten by birds or throw them into fire or into water. (3.261)
Let him gently pour out the remainder of the water near the cakes, and, with fixed attention, smell those cakes, in the order in which they were placed (on the ground). (3.218) But taking successively very small portions from the cakes, he shall make those seated Brahmana eat them, in accordance with the rule, before (their dinner). (3.219)
<blockquote>धनुःशराणां कर्ता च यश्चाग्रेदिधिषूपतिः । मित्रध्रुग्द्यूतवृत्तिश्च पुत्राचार्यस्तथैव च । । ३.१६० । ।</blockquote><blockquote>भ्रामरी गन्डमाली च श्वित्र्यथो पिशुनस्तथा । उन्मत्तोऽन्धश्च वर्ज्याः स्युर्वेदनिन्दक एव च । । ३.१६१ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>dhanuḥśarāṇāṁ kartā ca yaścāgredidhiṣūpatiḥ । mitradhrugdyūtavr̥ttiśca putrācāryastathaiva ca । । 3.160 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>bhrāmarī ganḍamālī ca śvitryatho piśunastathā । unmatto'ndhaśca varjyāḥ syurvedanindaka eva ca । । 3.161 । ।</blockquote>
* The (sacrificer's) first wife, who is faithful and intent on the worship of the forefathers, may eat the middle-most cake, (if she be) desirous of bearing a son. (3.262) (Thus) she will bring forth a son who will be long-lived, famous, intelligent, rich, the father of numerous offspring, endowed with (the quality of) goodness, and righteous. (3.263)
उदकं निनयेच्छेषं शनैः पिण्डान्तिके पुनः । अवजिघ्रेच्च तान्पिण्डान्यथान्युप्तान्समाहितः । । ३.२१८ । ।
<blockquote>हस्तिगोऽश्वोष्ट्रदमको नक्षत्रैर्यश्च जीवति । पक्षिणां पोषको यश्च युद्धाचार्यस्तथैव च । । ३.१६२ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>स्रोतसां भेदको यश्च तेषां चावरणे रतः । गृहसंवेशको दूतो वृक्षारोपक एव च । । ३.१६३ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>hastigo'śvoṣṭradamako nakṣatrairyaśca jīvati । pakṣiṇāṁ poṣako yaśca yuddhācāryastathaiva ca । । 3.162 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>srotasāṁ bhedako yaśca teṣāṁ cāvaraṇe rataḥ । gr̥hasaṁveśako dūto vr̥kṣāropaka eva ca । । 3.163 । ।</blockquote>
* Having washed his hands and sipped water, let him prepare (food) for his paternal relations and, after giving it to them with due respect, let him feed his maternal relatives also. (3.264) But the remnants shall be left (where they lie) until the Brahmanas have been dismissed; afterwards he shall perform the (daily) domestic Bali-offering; that is a settled (rule of the) sacred law. (3.265)
पिण्डेभ्यस्त्वल्पिकां मात्रां समादायानुपूर्वशः । तानेव विप्रानासीनान्विधिवत्पूर्वं आशयेत् । । ३.२१९ । ।
<blockquote>श्वक्रीडी श्येनजीवी च कन्यादूषक एव च । हिंस्रो वृषलवृत्तिश्च गणानां चैव याजकः । । ३.१६४ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>आचारहीनः क्लीबश्च नित्यं याचनकस्तथा । कृषिजीवी श्लीपदी च सद्भिर्निन्दित एव च । । ३.१६५ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>śvakrīḍī śyenajīvī ca kanyādūṣaka eva ca । hiṁsro vr̥ṣalavr̥ttiśca gaṇānāṁ caiva yājakaḥ । । 3.164 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>ācārahīnaḥ klībaśca nityaṁ yācanakastathā । kr̥ṣijīvī ślīpadī ca sadbhirnindita eva ca । । 3.165 । ।</blockquote>
udakaṁ ninayeccheṣaṁ śanaiḥ piṇḍāntike punaḥ । avajighrecca tānpiṇḍānyathānyuptānsamāhitaḥ । । 3.218 । ।
piṇḍebhyastvalpikāṁ mātrāṁ samādāyānupūrvaśaḥ । tāneva viprānāsīnānvidhivatpūrvaṁ āśayet । । 3.219 । ।
But if the (sacrificer's) father is living, he must offer (the cakes) to three remoter (ancestors); or he may also feed his father at the funeral sacrifice as (one of the) Brahmana (guests). (3.220) But he whose father is dead, while his grandfather lives, shall, after pronouncing his father's name, mention (that of) his great-grandfather.(3.221) Manu has declared that either the grandfather may eat at that Shraddha (as a guest), or (the grandson) having received permission, may perform it, as he desires. (3.222)
ध्रियमाणे तु पितरि पूर्वेषां एव निर्वपेत् । विप्रवद्वापि तं श्राद्धे स्वकं पितरं आशयेत् । । ३.२२० । ।
पिता यस्य निवृत्तः स्याज्जीवेच्चापि पितामहः । पितुः स नाम सङ्कीर्त्य कीर्तयेत्प्रपितामहम् । । ३.२२१ । ।
पितामहो वा तच्छ्राद्धं भुञ्जीतेत्यब्रवीन्मनुः । कामं वा समनुज्ञातः स्वयं एव समाचरेत् । । ३.२२२ । ।
dhriyamāṇe tu pitari pūrveṣāṁ eva nirvapet । vipravadvāpi taṁ śrāddhe svakaṁ pitaraṁ āśayet । । 3.220 । ।
pitā yasya nivr̥ttaḥ syājjīveccāpi pitāmahaḥ । pituḥ sa nāma saṅkīrtya kīrtayetprapitāmaham । । 3.221 । ।
pitāmaho vā tacchrāddhaṁ bhuñjītetyabravīnmanuḥ । kāmaṁ vā samanujñātaḥ svayaṁ eva samācaret । । 3.222 । ।
Having poured water mixed with sesamum, in which a blade of Kusa grass has been placed, into the hands of the (guests), he shall give (to each) that (above-mentioned) portion of the cake, saying, 'To those, Svadha!'(3.223)
तेषां दत्त्वा तु हस्तेषु सपवित्रं तिलोदकम् । तत्पिण्डाग्रं प्रयच्छेत स्वधैषां अस्त्विति ब्रुवन् । । ३.२२३ । ।
teṣāṁ dattvā tu hasteṣu sapavitraṁ tilodakam । tatpiṇḍāgraṁ prayaccheta svadhaiṣāṁ astviti bruvan । । 3.223 । ।
But carrying (the vessel) filled with food with both hands, the (sacrificer) himself shall gently place it before the Brahmanas, meditating on the forefathers. (3.224) The malevolent Asuras forcibly snatch away that food which is brought without being held with both hands. (3.225)
पाणिभ्यां तूपसंगृह्य स्वयं अन्नस्य वर्धितम् । विप्रान्तिके पितॄन्ध्यायन्शनकैरुपनिक्षिपेत् । । ३.२२४ । ।
उभयोर्हस्तयोर्मुक्तं यदन्नं उपनीयते । तद्विप्रलुम्पन्त्यसुराः सहसा दुष्टचेतसः । । ३.२२५ । ।
pāṇibhyāṁ tūpasaṁgr̥hya svayaṁ annasya vardhitam । viprāntike pitr̥̄ndhyāyanśanakairupanikṣipet । । 3.224 । ।
ubhayorhastayormuktaṁ yadannaṁ upanīyate । tadvipralumpantyasurāḥ sahasā duṣṭacetasaḥ । । 3.225 । ।
Let him, being pure and attentive, carefully place on the ground the seasoning (for the rice), such as broths and pot herbs, sweet and sour milk, and honey, (3.226)
गुणांश्च सूपशाकाद्यान्पयो दधि घृतं मधु । विन्यसेत्प्रयतः पूर्वं भूमावेव समाहितः । । ३.२२६ । ।
guṇāṁśca sūpaśākādyānpayo dadhi ghr̥taṁ madhu । vinyasetprayataḥ pūrvaṁ bhūmāveva samāhitaḥ । । 3.226 । ।
All this he shall present (to his guests), being pure and attentive, successively invite them to partake of each (dish), proclaiming its qualities. (3.228)
उपनीय तु तत्सर्वं शनकैः सुसमाहितः । परिवेषयेत प्रयतो गुणान्सर्वान्प्रचोदयन् । । ३.२२८ । ।
upanīya tu tatsarvaṁ śanakaiḥ susamāhitaḥ । pariveṣayeta prayato guṇānsarvānpracodayan । । 3.228 । ।
Let him on no account drop a tear, become angry or utter an untruth, nor let him touch the food with his foot nor violently shake it. (3.229) A tear sends the (food) to the Pretas, anger to his enemies, a falsehood to the dogs, contact with his foot to the Rakshasas, a shaking to the sinners. (3.230)
नास्रं आपातयेज्जातु न कुप्येन्नानृतं वदेत् । न पादेन स्पृशेदन्नं न चैतदवधूनयेत् । । ३.२२९ । ।
अस्रं गमयति प्रेतान्कोपोऽरीननृतं शुनः । पादस्पर्शस्तु रक्षांसि दुष्कृतीनवधूननम् । । ३.२३० । ।
nāsraṁ āpātayejjātu na kupyennānr̥taṁ vadet । na pādena spr̥śedannaṁ na caitadavadhūnayet । । 3.229 । ।
asraṁ gamayati pretānkopo'rīnanr̥taṁ śunaḥ । pādasparśastu rakṣāṁsi duṣkr̥tīnavadhūnanam । । 3.230 । ।
Whatever may please the Brahmanas, let him give without grudging it; let him give riddles from the Veda, for that is agreeable to the forefathers. (3.231)
यद्यद्रोचेत विप्रेभ्यस्तत्तद्दद्यादमत्सरः । ब्रह्मोद्याश्च कथाः कुर्यात्पितॄणां एतदीप्सितम् । । ३.२३१ । ।
yadyadroceta viprebhyastattaddadyādamatsaraḥ । brahmodyāśca kathāḥ kuryātpitr̥̄ṇāṁ etadīpsitam । । 3.231 । ।
At a (sacrifice in honour) of the forefathers, he must let (his guests) hear the Veda, the Institutes of the sacred law, legends, tales, Puranas, and Khilas. (3.232)
स्वाध्यायं श्रावयेत्पित्र्ये धर्मशास्त्राणि चैव हि । आख्यानानीतिहासांश्च पुराणानि खिलानि च । । ३.२३२ । ।
svādhyāyaṁ śrāvayetpitrye dharmaśāstrāṇi caiva hi । ākhyānānītihāsāṁśca purāṇāni khilāni ca । । 3.232 । ।
Himself being delighted, let him give delight to the Brahmanas, cause them to partake gradually and slowly (of each dish), and repeatedly invite (them to eat) by (offering) the food and (praising) its qualities. (3.233)
हर्षयेद्ब्राह्मणांस्तुष्टो भोजयेच्च शनैःशनैः । अन्नाद्येनासकृच्चैतान्गुणैश्च परिचोदयेत् । । ३.२३३ । ।
harṣayedbrāhmaṇāṁstuṣṭo bhojayecca śanaiḥśanaiḥ । annādyenāsakr̥ccaitānguṇaiśca paricodayet । । 3.233 । ।
Let him eagerly entertain at a funeral sacrifice a daughter's son, though he be a student, and let him place a Nepal blanket on the seat (of each guest), scattering sesamum grains on the ground. (3.234) There are three means of sanctification, (to be used) at a Shraddha, a daughter's son, a Nepal blanket, and sesamum grains; and they recommend three (other things) for it, cleanliness, suppression of anger, and absence of haste. (3.235)
व्रतस्थं अपि दौहित्रं श्राद्धे यत्नेन भोजयेत् । कुतपं चासनं दद्यात्तिलैश्च विकिरेन्महीम् । । ३.२३४ । ।
त्रीणि श्राद्धे पवित्राणि दौहित्रः कुतपस्तिलाः । त्रीणि चात्र प्रशंसन्ति शौचं अक्रोधं अत्वराम् । । ३.२३५ । ।
vratasthaṁ api dauhitraṁ śrāddhe yatnena bhojayet । kutapaṁ cāsanaṁ dadyāttilaiśca vikirenmahīm । । 3.234 । ।
trīṇi śrāddhe pavitrāṇi dauhitraḥ kutapastilāḥ । trīṇi cātra praśaṁsanti śaucaṁ akrodhaṁ atvarām । । 3.235 । ।
All the food must be very hot, and the (guests) shall eat in silence; (even though) asked by the giver (of the feast), the Brahmanas shall not proclaim the qualities of the sacrificial food. (3.236)
अत्युष्णं सर्वं अन्नं स्याद्भुञ्जीरंस्ते च वाग्यताः । न च द्विजातयो ब्रूयुर्दात्रा पृष्टा हविर्गुणान् । । ३.२३६ । ।
atyuṣṇaṁ sarvaṁ annaṁ syādbhuñjīraṁste ca vāgyatāḥ । na ca dvijātayo brūyurdātrā pr̥ṣṭā havirguṇān । । 3.236 । ।
As long as the food remains warm, as long as they eat in silence, as long as the qualities of the food are not proclaimed, so long the forefathers partake (of it). (3.237). What (a guest) eats, covering his head, what he eats with his face turned towards the south, what he eats with sandals on (his feet), that the Rakshasas consume. (3.238)
यावदुष्मा भवत्यन्नं यावदश्नन्ति वाग्यताः । पितरस्तावदश्नन्ति यावन्नोक्ता हविर्गुणाः । । ३.२३७ । ।
ज्यायांसं अनयोर्विद्याद्यस्य स्याच्छ्रोत्रियः पिता । मन्त्रसंपूजनार्थं तु सत्कारं इतरोऽर्हति । । ३.१३७ । ।
yāvaduṣmā bhavatyannaṁ yāvadaśnanti vāgyatāḥ । pitarastāvadaśnanti yāvannoktā havirguṇāḥ । । 3.237 । ।
jyāyāṁsaṁ anayorvidyādyasya syācchrotriyaḥ pitā । mantrasaṁpūjanārthaṁ tu satkāraṁ itaro'rhati । । 3.137 । ।
To a Brahmana (householder), or to an ascetic who comes for food, he may, with the permission of (his) Brahmana (guests), show honour according to his ability. (3.243)
दातॄन्प्रतिग्रहीतॄंश्च कुरुते फलभागिनः । विदुषे दक्षिणां दत्त्वा विधिवत्प्रेत्य चेह च । । ३.१४३ । ।
dātr̥̄npratigrahītr̥̄ṁśca kurute phalabhāginaḥ । viduṣe dakṣiṇāṁ dattvā vidhivatpretya ceha ca । । 3.143 । ।
Let him mix all the kinds of food together, sprinkle them with water and put them, scattering them (on Kusa grass), down on the ground in front of (his guests), when they have finished their meal. (3.244)
कामं श्राद्धेऽर्चयेन्मित्रं नाभिरूपं अपि त्वरिम् । द्विषता हि हविर्भुक्तं भवति प्रेत्य निष्फलम् । । ३.१४४ । ।
kāmaṁ śrāddhe'rcayenmitraṁ nābhirūpaṁ api tvarim । dviṣatā hi havirbhuktaṁ bhavati pretya niṣphalam । । 3.144 । ।
But before the performance of the Sapindikarana, one must feed at the funeral sacrifice in honour of a (recently-) deceased Aryan (one Brahmana) without (making an offering) to the gods, and give one cake only. (3.247) But after the Sapindikarana of the (deceased father) has been performed according to the sacred law, the sons must offer the cakes with those ceremonies, (described above.) (3.248)
एष वै प्रथमः कल्पः प्रदाने हव्यकव्ययोः । अनुकल्पस्त्वयं ज्ञेयः सदा सद्भिरनुष्ठितः । । ३.१४७ । ।
मातामहं मातुलं च स्वस्रीयं श्वशुरं गुरुम् । दौहित्रं विट्पतिं बन्धुं ऋत्विग्याज्यौ च भोजयेत् । । ३.१४८ । ।
eṣa vai prathamaḥ kalpaḥ pradāne havyakavyayoḥ । anukalpastvayaṁ jñeyaḥ sadā sadbhiranuṣṭhitaḥ । । 3.147 । ।
mātāmahaṁ mātulaṁ ca svasrīyaṁ śvaśuraṁ gurum । dauhitraṁ viṭpatiṁ bandhuṁ r̥tvigyājyau ca bhojayet । । 3.148 । ।
Having addressed the question, 'Have you dined well?' (to his guests), let him give water for sipping to them who are satisfied, and dismiss them, after they have sipped water, (with the words) 'Rest either (here or at home)!'(3.251)
जटिलं चानधीयानं दुर्बालं कितवं तथा । याजयन्ति च ये पूगांस्तांश्च श्राद्धे न भोजयेत् । । ३.१५१ । ।
jaṭilaṁ cānadhīyānaṁ durbālaṁ kitavaṁ tathā । yājayanti ca ye pūgāṁstāṁśca śrāddhe na bhojayet । । 3.151 । ।
The Brahmana (guests) shall then answer him, 'Let there be Svadha;' for at all rites in honour of the forefathers the word Svadha is the highest benison. (3.252)
चिकित्सकान्देवलकान्मांसविक्रयिणस्तथा । विपणेन च जीवन्तो वर्ज्याः स्युर्हव्यकव्ययोः । । ३.१५२ । ।
cikitsakāndevalakānmāṁsavikrayiṇastathā । vipaṇena ca jīvanto varjyāḥ syurhavyakavyayoḥ । । 3.152 । ।
Next let him inform (his guests) who have finished their meal, of the food which remains; with the permission of the Brahmanas let him dispose (of that), as they may direct. (3.253)
प्रेष्यो ग्रामस्य राज्ञश्च कुनखी श्यावदन्तकः । प्रतिरोद्धा गुरोश्चैव त्यक्ताग्निर्वार्धुषिस्तथा । । ३.१५३ । ।
preṣyo grāmasya rājñaśca kunakhī śyāvadantakaḥ । pratiroddhā guroścaiva tyaktāgnirvārdhuṣistathā । । 3.153 । ।
At a (Shraddha) in honour of the forefathers one must use (in asking of the guests if they are satisfied, the word) svaditam; at a Goshthi-sraddha, (the word) susrutam; at a Vriddhi-sraddha, (the word) sampannam; and at (a rite) in honour of the gods, (the word) rukitam. (3.254)
यक्ष्मी च पशुपालश्च परिवेत्ता निराकृतिः । ब्रह्मद्विट्परिवित्तिश्च गणाभ्यन्तर एव च । । ३.१५४ । ।
yakṣmī ca paśupālaśca parivettā nirākr̥tiḥ । brahmadviṭparivittiśca gaṇābhyantara eva ca । । 3.154 । ।
The afternoon, Kusa grass, the due preparation of the dwelling, sesamum grains, liberality, the careful preparation of the food, and (the company of) distinguished Brahmanas are true riches at all funeral sacrifices. (3.255)
कुशीलवोऽवकीर्णी च वृषलीपतिरेव च । पौनर्भवश्च काणश्च यस्य चोपपतिर्गृहे । । ३.१५५ । ।
kuśīlavo'vakīrṇī ca vr̥ṣalīpatireva ca । paunarbhavaśca kāṇaśca yasya copapatirgr̥he । । 3.155 । ।
The food eaten by hermits in the forest, milk, Soma-juice, meat which is not prepared (with spices), and salt unprepared by art, are called, on account of their nature, sacrificial food. (3.257)
अकारणे परित्यक्ता मातापित्रोर्गुरोस्तथा । ब्राह्मैर्यौनैश्च संबन्धैः संयोगं पतितैर्गतः । । ३.१५७ । ।
akāraṇe parityaktā mātāpitrorgurostathā । brāhmairyaunaiśca saṁbandhaiḥ saṁyogaṁ patitairgataḥ । । 3.157 । ।
Having dismissed the (invited) Brahmanas, let him, with a concentrated mind, silent and pure, look towards the south and ask these blessings of the forefathers: (3.258) 'May liberal men abound with us! May (our knowledge of) the Vedas and (our) progeny increase! May faith not forsake us! May we have much to give (to the needy)!'(3.259)
अगारदाही गरदः कुण्डाशी सोमविक्रयी । समुद्रयायी बन्दी च तैलिकः कूटकारकः । । ३.१५८ । ।
पित्रा विवदमानश्च कितवो मद्यपस्तथा । पापरोग्यभिशस्तश्च दाम्भिको रसविक्रयी । । ३.१५९ । ।
agāradāhī garadaḥ kuṇḍāśī somavikrayī । samudrayāyī bandī ca tailikaḥ kūṭakārakaḥ । । 3.158 । ।
pitrā vivadamānaśca kitavo madyapastathā । pāparogyabhiśastaśca dāmbhiko rasavikrayī । । 3.159 । ।
Having thus offered (the cakes), let him, after (the prayer), cause a cow, a Brahmana, a goat, or the sacred fire to consume those cakes, or let him throw them into water. (3.260) Some make the offering of the cakes after (the dinner); some cause (them) to be eaten by birds or throw them into fire or into water. (3.261)
धनुःशराणां कर्ता च यश्चाग्रेदिधिषूपतिः । मित्रध्रुग्द्यूतवृत्तिश्च पुत्राचार्यस्तथैव च । । ३.१६० । ।
भ्रामरी गन्डमाली च श्वित्र्यथो पिशुनस्तथा । उन्मत्तोऽन्धश्च वर्ज्याः स्युर्वेदनिन्दक एव च । । ३.१६१ । ।
dhanuḥśarāṇāṁ kartā ca yaścāgredidhiṣūpatiḥ । mitradhrugdyūtavr̥ttiśca putrācāryastathaiva ca । । 3.160 । ।
bhrāmarī ganḍamālī ca śvitryatho piśunastathā । unmatto'ndhaśca varjyāḥ syurvedanindaka eva ca । । 3.161 । ।
The (sacrificer's) first wife, who is faithful and intent on the worship of the forefathers, may eat the middle-most cake, (if she be) desirous of bearing a son. (3.262) (Thus) she will bring forth a son who will be long-lived, famous, intelligent, rich, the father of numerous offspring, endowed with (the quality of) goodness, and righteous. (3.263)
हस्तिगोऽश्वोष्ट्रदमको नक्षत्रैर्यश्च जीवति । पक्षिणां पोषको यश्च युद्धाचार्यस्तथैव च । । ३.१६२ । ।
स्रोतसां भेदको यश्च तेषां चावरणे रतः । गृहसंवेशको दूतो वृक्षारोपक एव च । । ३.१६३ । ।
hastigo'śvoṣṭradamako nakṣatrairyaśca jīvati । pakṣiṇāṁ poṣako yaśca yuddhācāryastathaiva ca । । 3.162 । ।
srotasāṁ bhedako yaśca teṣāṁ cāvaraṇe rataḥ । gr̥hasaṁveśako dūto vr̥kṣāropaka eva ca । । 3.163 । ।
Having washed his hands and sipped water, let him prepare (food) for his paternal relations and, after giving it to them with due respect, let him feed his maternal relatives also. (3.264) But the remnants shall be left (where they lie) until the Brahmanas have been dismissed; afterwards he shall perform the (daily) domestic Bali-offering; that is a settled (rule of the) sacred law. (3.265)
श्वक्रीडी श्येनजीवी च कन्यादूषक एव च । हिंस्रो वृषलवृत्तिश्च गणानां चैव याजकः । । ३.१६४ । ।
आचारहीनः क्लीबश्च नित्यं याचनकस्तथा । कृषिजीवी श्लीपदी च सद्भिर्निन्दित एव च । । ३.१६५ । ।
śvakrīḍī śyenajīvī ca kanyādūṣaka eva ca । hiṁsro vr̥ṣalavr̥ttiśca gaṇānāṁ caiva yājakaḥ । । 3.164 । ।
ācārahīnaḥ klībaśca nityaṁ yācanakastathā । kr̥ṣijīvī ślīpadī ca sadbhirnindita eva ca । । 3.165 । ।
== श्राद्धनियमाः ॥ Rules governing Shraddha ==
== श्राद्धनियमाः ॥ Rules governing Shraddha ==