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=== (1) पूर्वार्चिक ॥ Purvarchika ===

=== (1) पूर्वार्चिक ॥ Purvarchika ===

It has four sections: (a) आग्नेय । Agneya, (b) ऐन्द्र । Aindra, (c) पवमान । Pavamana. (d) महानाम्नी आर्चिक ।Mahanamni Archik, Aaranyakanda and Parishista (appendix). There are 6 Adhyayas in Purvarchika. Adhyayas are divided into Kanda and named as 'Dashati'. Dashati means ten Richas, but there appears no restriction on the number of ten in each Dashati, at some places they are less and at other places they are more. Adhyaya 1 is Agneya Kand. Adhyayas 2 to 4 constitute Aindra Kand. Adhyaya 5 is the Pavamana kand. Adyaya 6 is Aranyakaand. Its appendix is Mahanamni Archik (10 mantras).

It has four sections: (a) आग्नेय । Agneya, (b) ऐन्द्र । Aindra, (c) पवमान । Pavamana. (d) आरण्य । Aranya and महानाम्नी आर्चिक ।Mahanamni Archik as Parishista (appendix). There are 6 Adhyayas/Prapathakas in Purvarchika. Adhyayas are divided into Kanda and named as 'Dashati'. Dashati means ten Richas, but there appears no restriction on the number of ten in each Dashati, at some places they are less and at other places they are more. Adhyaya 1 is Agneya Kand having mantras related to Agni devata. Adhyayas 2 to 4 constitute Aindra Kand having mantras related to Indra. Adhyaya 5 is the Pavamana khand containing mantras related to Pavamana or Soma. Adhyaya 6 is Aranya kand . Its appendix is Mahanamni Archik (10 mantras).

The details of Purvarchika in terms of subject and mantra number etc. are as follows:

The details of Purvarchika in terms of subject and mantra number etc. are as follows:

=== (2) उत्तरार्चिक॥ Uttararchika ===

=== (2) उत्तरार्चिक॥ Uttararchika ===

It has 21 Adhyayas (or 9 prapathakas) and the number of mantras is 1225. There are a total of 400 Suktas in Uttararchika.   

It has 21 Adhyayas (or 9 prapathakas) and the number of mantras is 1225. There are a total of 400 Suktas in Uttararchika. The basis of singing the mantras of Uttararchika is the mantras of Purvarchika. Therefore, the mantras of Purvarchika are called 'Samayonimantra' or 'Samayoni'.   

=== Number of Mantras ===

=== Number of Mantras ===

=== स्वरम् । Swara ===

=== स्वरम् । Swara ===

There are seven swaras in Samveda.  

There are seven swaras in Samveda. According to Naradiya Shiksha, Paniniya Shiksha and Yajnavalkya Shiksha, these cosmic notes have developed from the three basic Svaras - Udatta, Anudatta and Swarita. <blockquote>उदात्ते निषादगान्धारौ अनुदात्ते ऋषभधैवतौ । स्वरितप्रभाव ह्येते षड्जमध्यमपञ्चमाः ॥  </blockquote>

 

# षड्ज (स) । Shadja (Sa)

# ऋषभ (रे)। Rishabh (Re)

# गान्धार (ग)। Gandhara (Ga)

# मध्यम (म)। Madhyam (Ma)

# पंचम (प)। Pancham (Pa)

# धैवत (ध)। Dhaivat (Dha)  

|षड्ज (स) । Shadja (Sa)

# निषाद (नि)। Nishad (Ni)

 

According to Naradiya Shiksha, Paniniya Shiksha and Yajnavalkya Shiksha, these cosmic notes have developed from the three basic notes Udatta, Anudatta and Swarit.<blockquote>उदात्ते निषादगान्धारौ अनुदात्ते ऋषभधैवतौ । स्वरितप्रभाव ह्येते षड्जमध्यमपञ्चमाः ॥  </blockquote>To represent these notes, numbers 1,2,3 are given on the Samavedic mantras. Their meaning is 1 = उदात्त - Sublime, 2 स्वरित - Swarit 3 अनुदात्त - Anudatta. Similarly, numbers like 1, 2, 3 etc. respectively represent the seven notes like Madhyam, Gandhar, Rishabh etc. (in the order of Ma Ga Re..).  

|ऋषभ (रे)। Rishabha (Re)

|गान्धार (ग)। Gandhara (Ga)

|मध्यम (म)। Madhyama (Ma)

|पंचम (प)। Panchama (Pa)

|धैवत (ध)। Dhaivata (Dha)

|निषाद (नि)। Nishad (Ni)

To represent these notes, numbers 1,2,3 are given on the Samavedic mantras. Their meaning is 1 = उदात्त - Sublime, 2 स्वरित - Swarit 3 अनुदात्त - Anudatta. Similarly, numbers like 1, 2, 3 etc. respectively represent the seven notes like Madhyam, Gandhar, Rishabh etc. (in the order of Ma Ga Re..).  

The fundamental difference between the seven notes of Samagana and the seven notes of secular classical music is that the notes of Sama are in the 'अवरोहारोह'- Avaroharoh' descending-ascending order and the notes of the secular song are in the 'आरोहावरोह '- Aarohavaroh' order or ascending-descending order.<ref name=":1" />

The fundamental difference between the seven notes of Samagana and the seven notes of secular classical music is that the notes of Sama are in the 'अवरोहारोह'- Avaroharoh' descending-ascending order and the notes of the secular song are in the 'आरोहावरोह '- Aarohavaroh' order or ascending-descending order.<ref name=":1" />

# मध्य (मध्यम) - medium

# मध्य (मध्यम) - medium

# तीव्र (उच्च) - high  

# तीव्र (उच्च) - high  

== Rtvik (Priest) of Samaveda ==

== Rtvik (Priest) of Samaveda ==