Changes

* '''Sanketa''' : Sanketa is the direct relation between a word and its meaning, such that the knowledge of the word leads immediately to the knowledge of its relation to the meaning. It is of the following two ways

* '''Sanketa''' : Sanketa is the direct relation between a word and its meaning, such that the knowledge of the word leads immediately to the knowledge of its relation to the meaning. It is of the following two ways

** '''Vachakas''' : Sanketa or direct relation between word and its meaning is eternal, natural, established by divine order and is unchanging is called '''Sakti''' or significative potency of the word. Example, relation between the word Jar and object Jar is direct and eternal.  

** '''Vachakas''' : Sanketa or direct relation between word and its meaning is eternal, natural, established by divine order and is unchanging is called '''Sakti''' or significative potency of the word. Example, relation between the word Jar and object Jar is direct and eternal.  

** '''Paaribhashikas''' : Sanketa or direct relation between word and its meaning is not eternal, conventional, established by technical usage of mankind and is changing in different contexts by the will of authority defining that "such and such word stands for this" is called '''Paribhasha'''. Example, word 'article' in grammar, 'premise' in logic, 'category' in philosophy

** '''Paaribhashikas''' : Sanketa or direct relation between word and its meaning is not eternal, conventional, established by technical usage of mankind and is changing in different contexts by the will of authority defining that "such and such word stands for this" is called '''Paribhasha'''. Example, word 'article' in grammar, 'premise' in logic, 'category' in philosophy.

 

* '''Lakshana''': Lakshana is the indirect or implied meaning in which we should understand a word when its direct or primary meaning is inconsistent with other words or the context. Thus such a Lakshana word means an object when it is directly related to some other aspect of the object other than its primary meaning. Thus the secondary meaning is suggested through its association with the primary meaning. Example, take the expression गङ्गायां घोषः । the house is ''on Ganga''. As per the primary meaning, '<nowiki/>''the house is located on the current of water of river Ganga'<nowiki/>'', which is not a possibility which can exist. So we consider not its primary meaning of '<nowiki/>''the curr'''<nowiki/>'''ent of water of river''<nowiki/>' but in '''<nowiki/>'''the secondary meaning of '<nowiki/>''the bank of the river Ganga''<nowiki/>'.Thus<nowiki/> we see that the secondary meaning called '''Lakshana''', गङ्गातटे घोषः । the house is on the banks of Ganga, has an indirect meaningful relationship with Ganga. There are three kinds of Lakshana

* '''Lakshana''': Lakshana is the indirect or implied meaning in which we should understand a word when its direct or primary meaning is inconsistent with other words or the context. Thus such a Lakshana word means an object when it is directly related to some other aspect of the object other than its primary meaning. Thus the secondary meaning is suggested through its association with the primary meaning. Example, take the expression गङ्गायां घोषः । the house is ''on Ganga''. As per the primary meaning, '<nowiki/>''the house is located on the current of water of river Ganga'<nowiki/>'', which is not a possibility which can exist. So we consider not its primary meaning of '<nowiki/>''the curr'''<nowiki/>'''ent of water of river''<nowiki/>' but in '''<nowiki/>'''the secondary meaning of '<nowiki/>''the bank of the river Ganga''<nowiki/>'.Thus<nowiki/> we see that the secondary meaning called '''Lakshana''', गङ्गातटे घोषः । the house is on the banks of Ganga, has an indirect meaningful relationship with Ganga. There are three kinds of Lakshana

** Jahallakshana, when no part of the primary meaning is retained, e.g., "the scaffolds cry out"

** Jahallakshana, when no part of the primary meaning is retained, e.g., "the scaffolds cry out"