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Manu, the Law giver of ancient Bharatavarsha, laid down certain instructions as to how the teaching of Vedas should be conducted.

Manu, the Law giver of ancient Bharatavarsha, laid down certain instructions as to how the teaching of Vedas should be conducted.

The '''Vedanga''' ({{lang-sa|वेदाङ्ग}} ''{{IAST|vedāṅga}}'', "limbs of the Veda") are six Angas or explanatory limbs, to the Vedas: the [[Shiksha|Siksha]] and [[Vyakarana|Vyakararna]] of [[Panini]], the [[Chhandas]] of [[Pingalacharya]], the [[Nirukta]] of [[Yaska]], the [[Jyotisha]] of [[Garga]], and the Kalpas (Srauta, Grihya, Dharma and Sulba) belonging to the authorship of various Rishis.

The '''Vedanga''' (Samskrit : वेदाङ्गम्) meaning "limbs of the Veda" are six Angas or explanatory limbs, to the Vedas: the [[Shiksha|Siksha]] and [[Vyakarana|Vyakararna]] of [[Panini]], the [[Chhandas]] of [[Pingalacharya]], the [[Nirukta]] of [[Yaska]], the [[Jyotisha]] of [[Garga]], and the Kalpas (Srauta, Grihya, Dharma and Sulba) belonging to the authorship of various Rishis.

The Six Angas are:

The Six Angas are:

#'''[[Shiksha|Siksha]]''' is a knowledge of phonetics. Shiksha deals with pronunciation and accent. The text of the Vedas is arranged in various forms or Pathas. The Pada-patha gives each word its separate form. The Krama-patha connects the word in pairs.<ref name=":0">All About HInduism, Swami Sivananda, Page 33-34</ref>

#'''[[Shiksha|Siksha]]''' is a knowledge of phonetics. Shiksha deals with pronunciation and accent. The text of the Vedas is arranged in various forms or Pathas. The Pada-patha gives each word its separate form. The Krama-patha connects the word in pairs.<ref name=":0">All About HInduism, Swami Sivananda, Page 33-34</ref>

#[[Sanskrit prosody|Chhandas]] (''{{IAST|chandas}}''): [[Metre (poetry)|prosody]].<ref name="jameslochtefeldsca140">James Lochtefeld (2002), "Chandas" in The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Vol. 1: A-M, Rosen Publishing, ISBN 0-8239-2287-1, page 140</ref> This auxiliary discipline has focussed on the poetic meters, including those based on fixed number of syllables per verse, and those based on fixed number of [[morae]] per verse.{{Sfn|Annette Wilke|Oliver Moebus|2011|pp=391-394 with footnotes}}<ref name="Allan2013p228">{{cite book|author=Peter Scharf|editor=Keith Allan|title=The Oxford Handbook of the History of Linguistics|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=BQfDosHckzEC|year=2013|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-164344-6|pages=228–234}}</ref>

#[[Sanskrit prosody|Chhandas]] (''{{IAST|chandas}}'') is the knowledge of meters. This auxiliary discipline lays its focus on the metrical construction of vedic mantras and poetic meters, including those based on the number of syllables per sloka or verse, and those based on the duration of pronunciation of syllables in sloka.

#[[Vyakarana]] (''{{IAST|vyākaraṇa}}''): [[grammar]] and linguistic analysis.<ref>W. J. Johnson (2009), A Dictionary of Hinduism, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0198610250, Article on ''Vyakarana''</ref>{{Sfn|Harold G. Coward|1990|p=105}}<ref name="jameslochtefeldsca769">James Lochtefeld (2002), "Vyakarana" in The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Vol. 2: N-Z, Rosen Publishing, ISBN 0-8239-2287-1, page 769</ref> This auxiliary discipline has focussed on the rules of grammar and linguistic analysis to establish the exact form of words and sentences to properly express ideas.{{Sfn|Harold G. Coward|1990|pp=105-110}}{{Sfn|Annette Wilke|Oliver Moebus|2011|pp=416-419}}

#[[Vyakarana]] (''{{IAST|vyākaraṇa}}''): [[grammar]] and linguistic analysis.<ref>W. J. Johnson (2009), A Dictionary of Hinduism, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0198610250, Article on ''Vyakarana''</ref>{{Sfn|Harold G. Coward|1990|p=105}}<ref name="jameslochtefeldsca769">James Lochtefeld (2002), "Vyakarana" in The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Vol. 2: N-Z, Rosen Publishing, ISBN 0-8239-2287-1, page 769</ref> This auxiliary discipline has focussed on the rules of grammar and linguistic analysis to establish the exact form of words and sentences to properly express ideas.{{Sfn|Harold G. Coward|1990|pp=105-110}}{{Sfn|Annette Wilke|Oliver Moebus|2011|pp=416-419}}

#[[Nirukta]] (''{{IAST|nirukta}}''): [[etymology]], explanation of words, particularly those which are archaic and have ancient usage with unclear meaning.<ref name="jameslochtefeldsca476">James Lochtefeld (2002), "Nirukta" in The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Vol. 2: N-Z, Rosen Publishing, ISBN 0-8239-2287-1, page 476</ref> This auxiliary discipline has focussed on linguistic analysis to help establish the proper meaning of the words, given the context they are used in.{{Sfn|Harold G. Coward|1990|pp=105-110}}

#[[Nirukta]] (''{{IAST|nirukta}}''): [[etymology]], explanation of words, particularly those which are archaic and have ancient usage with unclear meaning.<ref name="jameslochtefeldsca476">James Lochtefeld (2002), "Nirukta" in The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Vol. 2: N-Z, Rosen Publishing, ISBN 0-8239-2287-1, page 476</ref> This auxiliary discipline has focussed on linguistic analysis to help establish the proper meaning of the words, given the context they are used in.{{Sfn|Harold G. Coward|1990|pp=105-110}}

शिक्षा ॥ Siksha deals mainly with स्वरज्ञानम् ॥ swaragnanam (phonetics) and it is the science disciplining the efforts of ear, nose and vocal cords to utter the accurate sound as defined by Vedic mantras.               

शिक्षा ॥ Siksha deals mainly with स्वरज्ञानम् ॥ swaragnanam (phonetics) and it is the science disciplining the efforts of ear, nose and vocal cords to utter the accurate sound as defined by Vedic mantras.               

Siksha deals with the origin of sound and teaches one about the production of शुध्दोच्चारणम् ॥ shuddhoccharanam (accurate sound) with ease. In Vedic literature accurate pronunciation of sound (vowels and consonants) is of great importance else the meaning is completely altered, hence Vedas have '''स्वरप्राधान्यम् ॥ swarapraadhanyam'''.               

Siksha deals with the origin of sound and teaches one about the production of accurate sound शुध्दोच्चारणम् ॥ shuddhoccharanam with ease. In Vedic literature accurate pronunciation of sound (vowels and consonants) is of great importance else the meaning is completely altered, hence Vedas have '''स्वरप्राधान्यम् ॥ swarapraadhanyam'''.               

The earliest reference to Siksha attached to तैत्तिरीयारण्यकम् || Taittriya Aranyaka extends the applicability as follows :             

The earliest reference to Siksha attached to तैत्तिरीयारण्यकम् || Taittriya Aranyaka extends the applicability as follows :