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{{about|Vedic concept|the Indian organization|Shiksha (NGO)|the Yiddish slang word|Shiksa}}

{{about}}

{{Hindu scriptures}}

{{Hindu scriptures}}

The Shiksha Texts and the Pratishakhyas led to great clarity in understanding the surface structure of language. For clarity of pronunciation, they broke up the large Vedic [[compound word|compound]]s into [[word stem]]s, prefixes, and suffixes. Certain styles of recitation (''{{IAST|pāṭha}}''), such as the ''{{IAST|jaṭāpāṭha}},'' involved switching syllables, repeating the last word of a line at the beginning of the next, and other permutations. In the process, a considerable amount of [[morphology (linguistics)|morphology]] is discussed, particularly regarding the combination of sequential sounds, which leads to the modalities of [[sandhi]]. The Samaveda Pratishakhya, one of the earliest,<ref>Staal, J. F., ''The Fidelity of Oral Tradition and the Origins of Science''. North-Holland Publishing Company, 1986.</ref> organizes the [[stop consonant]] sounds into a 5x5 ''varga'' or square:

The Shiksha Texts and the Pratishakhyas led to great clarity in understanding the surface structure of language. For clarity of pronunciation, they broke up the large Vedic [[compound word|compound]]s into [[word stem]]s, prefixes, and suffixes. Certain styles of recitation (''{{IAST|pāṭha}}''), such as the ''{{IAST|jaṭāpāṭha}},'' involved switching syllables, repeating the last word of a line at the beginning of the next, and other permutations. In the process, a considerable amount of [[morphology (linguistics)|morphology]] is discussed, particularly regarding the combination of sequential sounds, which leads to the modalities of [[sandhi]]. The Samaveda Pratishakhya, one of the earliest,<ref>Staal, J. F., ''The Fidelity of Oral Tradition and the Origins of Science''. North-Holland Publishing Company, 1986.</ref> organizes the [[stop consonant]] sounds into a 5x5 ''varga'' or square:

{| class="wikitable" align=center style = " background: transparent; " |+ The magic square within Sanskrit alphabet{{Sfn|Annette Wilke|Oliver Moebus|2011|pp=477-479}}

{| class="wikitable" align="center" style=" background: transparent; " |+ The magic square within Sanskrit alphabet{{Sfn|Annette Wilke|Oliver Moebus|2011|pp=477-479}}

|-style="text-align: center;"  ! style="background: #ffad66;" |Gutturals  

|-style="text-align: center;"  ! style="background: #ffad66;" |Gutturals  

   | ka || kha || ga || gha || ṅa

   | ka || kha || ga || gha || ṅa

Articulation of consonants will be a logical combination of components in the two prayatnas.{{cn|date=March 2016}} The below table gives a view upon articulation of consonants.

Articulation of consonants will be a logical combination of components in the two prayatnas.{{cn|date=March 2016}} The below table gives a view upon articulation of consonants.

{|class="wikitable"|+ Samskrita Vyanjana Ucchārana Pattika<ref>"Telugulo Chandovisheshaalu", Page 127 (In Telugu).</ref>

{| class="wikitable" |+ Samskrita Vyanjana Ucchārana Pattika<ref>"Telugulo Chandovisheshaalu", Page 127 (In Telugu).</ref>

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! {{IAST|Prayatna Niyamāvalī}}

! {{IAST|Prayatna Niyamāvalī}}