Changes

*Maharshi Yaska describes that panis are वर्तकः|| varthaka (business people) who sell things for profits.  

*Maharshi Yaska describes that panis are वर्तकः|| varthaka (business people) who sell things for profits.  

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  ‘पणिर्वणिग्भवति panihi vanika bhavathi''' </blockquote><blockquote>"

  ‘पणिर्वणिग्भवति panihi vanika bhavathi''' "</blockquote><blockquote>"

panihi pananatha vanika panyam nenakthi’ (Nirukti 2.17) </blockquote>Sayanaacharya explains in his commentary for the (Rk Veda 1.12.4 – 10) as follows  <blockquote>"

panihi pananatha vanika panyam nenakthi’ (Nirukti 2.17) "</blockquote>Sayanaacharya explains in his commentary for the (Rk Veda 1.12.4 – 10) as follows  <blockquote>"

  “kincha panayaha vyaya ahisnavaha vanijaha panihi vanika bhvathi thi yaskaha panayaha iti lubdakaha abhi yuddavanaha yugadinam akurvanaha adanashilaha asmat shatravaha”. '''''</blockquote>Panis were wealthy people who hoarded money with a very miserly business attitude, lacking in intellectual stability and had very little regard for any Vedic ritual.

  “kincha panayaha vyaya ahisnavaha vanijaha panihi vanika bhvathi thi yaskaha panayaha iti lubdakaha abhi yuddavanaha yugadinam akurvanaha adanashilaha asmat shatravaha”. '''''"</blockquote>Panis were wealthy people who hoarded money with a very miserly business attitude, lacking in intellectual stability and had very little regard for any Vedic ritual.

*Maharshi Yaska also refers to '''Panis''' as “business minded people or tradesmen”.

*Maharshi Yaska also refers to '''Panis''' as “business minded people or tradesmen”.

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  “panimsca vanijaha”(Niruktha 6.26)   

  “panimsca vanijaha”(Niruktha 6.26)   

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  The Vedas also talk of बेकनाटा || bekanatas who are known to be shrewd money lenders who impose heavy interest for their profits. These ‘bekanatas’ supposedly can see only during the day and when night befalls they argue that those visible things do not exist. Therefore they are considered to be नास्तिक || nasthika or atheists like the Charvaka philosophers. To reaffirm this, Yaska maharshi quotes the following Rg mantra  

  The Vedas also talk of बेकनाटा || bekanatas who are known to be shrewd money lenders who impose heavy interest for their profits. These ‘bekanatas’ supposedly can see only during the day and when night befalls they argue that those visible things do not exist. Therefore they are considered to be नास्तिक || nasthika or atheists like the Charvaka philosophers. To reaffirm this, Yaska maharshi quotes the following Rg mantra  

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कदू महीरध्र्ष्टा अस्य तविषीः कदु वर्त्रघ्नो अस्त्र्तम | <br>

कदू महीरध्र्ष्टा अस्य तविषीः कदु वर्त्रघ्नो अस्त्र्तम | <br>

इन्द्रो विश्वान बेकनाटानहर्द्र्श उत करत्वा पणीन्रभि || ''Rk Veda (8.66.10)''</blockquote>Here the word अहर्द्र्श || ahardrisha has been explained in detail by Sayanaacharya as follows by Dr. K. L. Narayanacharya<blockquote>"

इन्द्रो विश्वान बेकनाटानहर्द्र्श उत करत्वा पणीन्रभि || ''Rk Veda (8.66.10)''"</blockquote>Here the word अहर्द्र्श || ahardrisha has been explained in detail by Sayanaacharya as follows by Dr. K. L. Narayanacharya<blockquote>"

''“nanu sarve suryam pasyanthi ko atra tishaya iti ucyathe ihaiva janmani suryam pasyanthina janmanthare lubdaka ayushtarondhe tamasimajansthi athva laukika neva ahani pasyanthi na para laukikanthyath drishtani dishta pradanahini nastikaha"''</blockquote>Meaning : A question arises that if everyone can see the Sun why panis are called “ahardrihaha”. It is said that panis see the Sun only in this lifetime and because of their miserliness and disengagement in Yajna, they attain the land of ‘andha tamasa’ or complete darkness in their future births. Panis view the world with a “materialistic or physical light” and do not experience the “light of spirituality or the higher realms”. Thus they remain in the land of ‘andha tamasa’ or in complete darkness for their understanding is that of the atheists who only believe in what they see with their eyes.

''“nanu sarve suryam pasyanthi ko atra tishaya iti ucyathe ihaiva janmani suryam pasyanthina janmanthare lubdaka ayushtarondhe tamasimajansthi athva laukika neva ahani pasyanthi na para laukikanthyath drishtani dishta pradanahini nastikaha"''"</blockquote>Meaning : A question arises that if everyone can see the Sun why panis are called “ahardrihaha”. It is said that panis see the Sun only in this lifetime and because of their miserliness and disengagement in Yajna, they attain the land of ‘andha tamasa’ or complete darkness in their future births. Panis view the world with a “materialistic or physical light” and do not experience the “light of spirituality or the higher realms”. Thus they remain in the land of ‘andha tamasa’ or in complete darkness for their understanding is that of the atheists who only believe in what they see with their eyes.

*In Rig Veda the word “pani” has been mentioned in the prayers offered to Usha Devi.   

*In Rig Veda the word “pani” has been mentioned in the prayers offered to Usha Devi.   

In Srimad Bhagavatham, the ministers of Kamsa are shown to have the same mentality of the Panis as they want to control the devatas and the Lord. From Srimad Bhagavatham (10.4.39-42)''<blockquote>"

In Srimad Bhagavatham, the ministers of Kamsa are shown to have the same mentality of the Panis as they want to control the devatas and the Lord. From Srimad Bhagavatham (10.4.39-42)''<blockquote>"

'' mūlaṁ hi viṣṇur devānāṁ yatra dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ tasya ca''

'' mūlaṁ hi viṣṇur devānāṁ yatra dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ tasya ca''

''brahma-go-viprās tapo yajñāḥ sa-dakṣiṇāḥ </blockquote><blockquote>"

''brahma-go-viprās tapo yajñāḥ sa-dakṣiṇāḥ "</blockquote><blockquote>"

  tasmāt sarvātmanā rājan brāhmaṇān brahma-vādinaḥ

  tasmāt sarvātmanā rājan brāhmaṇān brahma-vādinaḥ

''tapasvino yajña-śīlān gāś ca hanmo havir-dughāḥ </blockquote><blockquote>"

''tapasvino yajña-śīlān gāś ca hanmo havir-dughāḥ "</blockquote><blockquote>"

  viprā gāvaś ca vedāś ca tapaḥ satyaṁ damaḥśamaḥ

  viprā gāvaś ca vedāś ca tapaḥ satyaṁ damaḥśamaḥ

''śraddhā dayā titikṣā ca kratavaś ca hares tanūḥ </blockquote><blockquote>"

''śraddhā dayā titikṣā ca kratavaś ca hares tanūḥ "</blockquote><blockquote>"

  sa hi sarva-suradhyakso hy asura-dvid guha-sayah tan-mula devatah sarvah ''sesvarah''  

  sa hi sarva-suradhyakso hy asura-dvid guha-sayah tan-mula devatah sarvah ''sesvarah''  

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''sa-catur-mukhah ayam vai tad-vadhopayo yad rsinam vihimsanam || Srimad Bhagavatham (10.4.39-42)''

''sa-catur-mukhah ayam vai tad-vadhopayo yad rsinam vihimsanam || Srimad Bhagavatham (10.4.39-42)''

  </blockquote><nowiki> </nowiki>Meaning :The Devatas and Bhagavan Viṣhṇu, reside wherever there are dharmic principles, culture, the Vedas, cows, brāhmaṇas, austerities and sacrifices with proper donations. O King, we, who are your adherents in all respects, shall therefore kill the Vedic brahmanas, the persons engaged in offering sacrifices and austerities, and the cows that supply milk, from which clarified butter is obtained for the ingredients of sacrifice (to cause harm to Vishnu)

  "</blockquote><nowiki> </nowiki>Meaning :The Devatas and Bhagavan Viṣhṇu, reside wherever there are dharmic principles, culture, the Vedas, cows, brāhmaṇas, austerities and sacrifices with proper donations. O King, we, who are your adherents in all respects, shall therefore kill the Vedic brahmanas, the persons engaged in offering sacrifices and austerities, and the cows that supply milk, from which clarified butter is obtained for the ingredients of sacrifice (to cause harm to Vishnu)

   

   

== सम्वाद || Discussion ==

== सम्वाद || Discussion ==