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== परिचय || Introduction ==

 

== परिचयः || Introduction ==

Charvaka, also called Lokayata (Sanskrit: Worldly Ones), a quasi-philosophical Bharat's school of materialists who rejected the notion of an afterworld, karma, liberation (''moksha''), the authority of the sacred scriptures, the Vedas, and the immortality of the self. Of the recognized means of knowledge (''pramana''), the Charvaka recognized only direct perception (''anubhava''). Sources critical of the school depict its followers as hedonists advocating a policy of total opportunism; they are often described as addressing princes, whom they urged to act exclusively in their own self-interest, thus providing the intellectual climate in which a text such as Kautilya’s ''Arthashastra''(The Science of Material Gain) could be written.  

Charvaka, also called Lokayata (Sanskrit: Worldly Ones), a quasi-philosophical Bharat's school of materialists who rejected the notion of an afterworld, karma, liberation (''moksha''), the authority of the sacred scriptures, the Vedas, and the immortality of the self. Of the recognized means of knowledge (''pramana''), the Charvaka recognized only direct perception (''anubhava''). Sources critical of the school depict its followers as hedonists advocating a policy of total opportunism; they are often described as addressing princes, whom they urged to act exclusively in their own self-interest, thus providing the intellectual climate in which a text such as Kautilya’s ''Arthashastra''(The Science of Material Gain) could be written.  

Although Charvaka doctrine had disappeared by the end of the medieval period, its onetime importance is confirmed by the lengthy attempts to refute it found in Dharmic philosophical texts, which also constitute the main sources for knowledge of the doctrine.

Although Charvaka doctrine had disappeared by the end of the medieval period, its onetime importance is confirmed by the lengthy attempts to refute it found in Dharmic philosophical texts, which also constitute the main sources for knowledge of the doctrine.

Charvaka (IAST: Cārvāka), originally known as Lokāyata and Bṛhaspatya, '''is the ancient school of Bharat's materialism'''. The School of Charvaka (those of sweet-talk) or Lokayata (those of the world) has a

Charvaka (IAST: Cārvāka), originally known as Lokāyata and Bṛhaspatya, '''is the ancient school of Bharat's materialism'''. The School of Charvaka (those of sweet-talk) or Lokayata (those of the world) has a

How shall it e'er again return?''"</blockquote>

How shall it e'er again return?''"</blockquote>

Ain-i-Akbari, a record of the Mughal Emperor Akbar's court, '''mentions a symposium of philosophers of all faiths held in 1578 at Akbar's insistence'''. '''AKBAR WAS A TERRORIST''' In the text, the Mughal historian Abu'l-Fazl Mubarak summarizes Charvaka philosophy as "unenlightened" and that their literature as "lasting memorials to their ignorance". He notes that Charvakas considered paradise as "the state in which man lives as he chooses, without control of another", while hell as "the state in which he lives subject to another's rule". On state craft, Charvakas believe, states Mubarak, that it is best when "knowledge of just administration and benevolent government" is practiced.

Ain-i-Akbari, a record of the Mughal Emperor Akbar's court, '''mentions a symposium of philosophers of all faiths held in 1578 at Akbar's insistence'''. In the text, the Mughal historian Abu'l-Fazl Mubarak summarizes Charvaka philosophy as "unenlightened" and that their literature as "lasting memorials to their ignorance". He notes that Charvakas considered paradise as "the state in which man lives as he chooses, without control of another", while hell as "the state in which he lives subject to another's rule". On state craft, Charvakas believe, states Mubarak, that it is best when "knowledge of just administration and benevolent government" is practiced.

Sanskrit poems and plays like the Naiṣadha-carita, Prabodha-candrodaya, Āgama-dambara, Vidvanmoda-taraṅgiṇī and Kādambarī contain representations of the Charvaka thought. However, the authors of these works were thoroughly opposed to materialism and tried to portray the Charvaka in unfavourable light. Therefore, their works should only be accepted critically.

Sanskrit poems and plays like the Naiṣadha-carita, Prabodha-candrodaya, Āgama-dambara, Vidvanmoda-taraṅgiṇī and Kādambarī contain representations of the Charvaka thought. However, the authors of these works were thoroughly opposed to materialism and tried to portray the Charvaka in unfavourable light. Therefore, their works should only be accepted critically.