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{{ToBeEdited}}Tamas (तमः) is one of the Trigunas. It is considered as one of the doshas of manas (mind).  

{{ToBeEdited}}The word Tamas is commonly used to indicate Darkness in samskrit. Tamas (तमः) is one of the [[Trigunas (त्रिगुणाः)|Trigunas]]. It is also believed to be one of the [[Doshas (दोषाः)|doshas]] of [[Manas (मनः)|manas]] (mind). Commonly, this term refers to not just the absence of light in external environment but some obstruction in mind or senses that inhibits an individual to gain real knowledge of the situation either internal or external. Therefore it is also used as synonym for terms that indicate ignorance or error. However it is the characteristic quality of manas or mind according to Ayurveda while mode of material energy according to other bharatiya shastras. 

'''तमस्त्वज्ञानजं विद्धि मोहनं सर्वदेहिनाम् |'''

Bhagavad Gita (भगवद्गीता) is a dialogue between Lord Krishna and Arjuna, narrated in the Bhishma Parva of the [[Mahabharata (महाभारतम्)|Mahabharata]]. In the 14th discourse of Bhagvad Gita, Lord Krishna narrates the role of Trigunas in one's life. At this place, Tamas guna has been described by lord Krishna.

'''प्रमादालस्यनिद्राभिस्तन्निबध्नाति भारत || 8|| B.G 14.8'''

<blockquote>तमस्त्वज्ञानजं विद्धि मोहनं सर्वदेहिनाम्।</blockquote><blockquote>प्रमादालस्यनिद्राभिस्तन्निबध्नाति भारत॥14- 8॥ </blockquote><blockquote>tamastvajñānajaṁ viddhi mohanaṁ sarvadehinām।</blockquote><blockquote>pramādālasyanidrābhistannibadhnāti bhārata॥14- 8॥</blockquote>

Meaning: ''tamo guṇa''''', which is born of ignorance, is the cause of illusion for the embodied souls. It deludes all living beings through negligence, laziness, and sleep.'''

Meaning: Tamas guṇa''',''' is born of ignorance. It is the cause of illusion for the embodied souls. It deludes all living beings through errors or negligence, laziness, and sleep.<blockquote>अप्रकाशोऽप्रवृत्तिश्च प्रमादो मोह एव च। </blockquote><blockquote>तमस्येतानि जायन्ते विवृद्धे कुरुनन्दन ॥14- 13॥ </blockquote><blockquote>aprakāśo'pravr̥ttiśca pramādo moha eva ca।</blockquote><blockquote>tamasyetāni jāyante vivr̥ddhe kurunandana ॥14- 13॥</blockquote>

''Tamo guṇa'' is the antithesis of ''sattva guṇa''. Persons influenced by it get pleasure through sleep, laziness, intoxication, violence, and gambling. They lose their discrimination of what is right and what is wrong, and do not hesitate in resorting to immoral behavior for fulfilling their self-will. Doing their duty becomes burdensome to them and they neglect it, becoming more inclined to sloth and sleep. In this way, the mode of ignorance leads the soul deeper into the darkness of ignorance. It becomes totally oblivious of its spiritual identity, its goal in life, and the opportunity for progress that the human form provides.

Meaning: Tamo guṇa results in delusion of the intellect, laziness, errors in decision making and inappropriate understanding of the situation.

'''अप्रकाशोऽप्रवृत्तिश्च प्रमादो मोह एव च |'''

Tamas guna obstructs the pathways of knowledge. It clouds wisdom and binds one to delusion. This makes one lose discrimination of what is right and what is wrong. Thus when such tamas guna overpowers Sattva and rajas guna in an individual, the person resorts to immoral behavior for full-filling the self will without hesitation. They tend to neglect their duties as the duties appear burdensome. The person becomes lazy, sleepy, negligent and commit mistakes repeatedly. Tamas guna makes person get pleasure through sleep, laziness, intoxication, violence, and gambling. Ultimately the person becomes incapable to understand the real purpose of life, the goal in life, its spiritual identity and also fails to follow dhrama or the right path to live. Thus that [[Purusha (पुरुषः)|Purusha]] goes deeper into the darkness due to its mode of ignorance and loses the opportunity for progress that human form can provide.

'''तमस्येतानि जायन्ते विवृद्धे कुरुनन्दन || 13|| B.G 14.13'''

In Samskrit guna indicate virtue while dosha is considered its antonym which refers to defect in something. Although Tamas is included under Trigunas, Ayurveda identifies it as one of the doshas. Since tamas guna is antithesis to Sattva guna and causes obstruction to real knowledge, Ayurveda considers it as a dosha of manas. Tamas obstructs the knowledge pathway and makes person create mistakes thus it is referred to as Dosha of manas along with Rajas. Sattva is considered as the pure virtue of mind.  

''Tamo guṇa'' results in delusion of the intellect, laziness, and inclination toward intoxication and violence.

<blockquote>रजस्तमश्च मनसो द्वौ च दोषावुदाहृतौ॥ (Asht Hrud 1.21)<ref>Ashtang Hrudayam ([http://vedotpatti.in/samhita/Vag/ehrudayam/?mod=read&h=rajas Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 1 Sutram 121])</ref></blockquote><blockquote>rajastamaśca manaso dvau ca doṣāvudāhr̥tau॥</blockquote>Meaning: Rajas and Tamas are considered as 2 doshas of manas.  

== Signs of Tamas dominance in manas: ==

== मनसि तमोबाहुल्यलक्षणानि ॥ Signs of Tamas dominance in manas: ==

शोको मात्सर्यं विप्रतिपत्तिः परातिसन्धानं सत्त्वगुण-

<blockquote>तामसान्यज्ञानं विषादः प्रमादो निद्राऽऽलस्यं क्षुत्तृष्णा</blockquote><blockquote>शोको मात्सर्यं विप्रतिपत्तिः परातिसन्धानं सत्त्वगुण-</blockquote><blockquote>वैपरीत्यं च॥ (Asht Samg 5.21)<ref name=":0">Ashtang Samgraha ([http://vedotpatti.in/samhita/Vag/esangraha/?mod=read Sharirsthanam Adhyaya 5 Sutram 21])</ref> </blockquote><blockquote></blockquote><blockquote>tāmasānyajñānaṁ viṣādaḥ pramādo nidrā<nowiki>''</nowiki>lasyaṁ kṣuttr̥ṣṇā</blockquote><blockquote>śoko mātsaryaṁ vipratipattiḥ parātisandhānaṁ sattvaguṇa-</blockquote><blockquote>vaiparītyaṁ ca॥ (Asht Samg 5.21)<ref name=":0" /> </blockquote>

Meaning: Delusion, Depression, errors or wrong decisions, sleepiness, laziness, excess hunger, excess thirst, grief, jealousy, erroneous perception, cheating behavior and everything that is opposite to virtue sattva in a human being is caused by Tamas dosha of mind.  

 

 

 

== Tamas as dosha of manas ==

 

 

रजस्तमश्च मनसो द्वौ च दोषावुदाहृतौ||२१|| A.S.SU 1/21

== Tamasika prakruti signs ==

== Tamasika prakruti signs ==

तामसास्तु- विषादित्वं नास्तिक्यमधर्मशीलता बुद्धेर्निरोधोऽज्ञानं दुर्मेधस्त्वमकर्मशीलता निद्रालुत्वं चेति ||१८|| Su sha 1/18

तामसास्तु- विषादित्वं नास्तिक्यमधर्मशीलता बुद्धेर्निरोधोऽज्ञानं दुर्मेधस्त्वमकर्मशीलता निद्रालुत्वं चेति ||१८|| Su sha 1/18

== Tamasa kaya ==

== Tamasa kaya ==