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= परिचयः ॥ Introduction =

= परिचयः ॥ Introduction =

Dharma regulates the conduct of all individuals in every sphere of human activity. One such aspect is the rules to be observed both by employers and the employees. These were part of Raja dharma (Constitutional Law) and Vyavahara dharma (The Law on various other topics) and applied to both government and private employment. There were eighteen major topics of law which were in force at the earliest point of time. Two of them  namely,   

Dharma regulates the conduct of all individuals in every sphere of human activity. One such aspect is the rules to be observed by both employers and the employees. These were part of Raja dharma (Constitutional Law) and Vyavahara dharma (The Law on various other topics) and applied to both government and private employment. There were eighteen major topics of law which were in force at the earliest point of time. Two of them  namely,   

* Swamipala Vivada ie. disputes between master and servant  

* Swamipala Vivada ie. disputes between master and servant  

* Vetana dana ie. payment of wages   

* Vetana dana ie. payment of wages   

laid down the Dharma of Employers and Employees. This law was expanded further from time to time as and when the situation demanded. Shukraniti contains several provisions which prescribe the duties of the employers towards employees and vice-versa.  

laid down the Dharma of Employers and Employees. This law was expanded further from time to time as and when the situation demanded. Shukraniti contains several provisions which prescribe the duties of the employers towards employees and vice-versa.  

=== The two salient principles ===

== व्यवसायस्य मूलतत्त्वम् ॥ Salient Principles of Employment ==

The two core principles governed the basic philosophy in the relationship between employers and employees.

Two core principles governed the basic philosophy in the relationship between employers and employees. They were,

# Happiness of all.

1.  '''The right to perform their duty''': Employers were required to discharge their obligations towards their employees and the employees were required to discharge their duty

=== The right to perform one's duty. ===

Employers were required to discharge their obligations towards their employees and the employees were required to discharge their duty

towards the employers. This Dharmic ideal endeavoured to establish a duty-based

towards the employers. This Dharmic ideal endeavoured to establish a duty-based

society. Its postulate was not only the duty of the individual towards the society but also the duty of the society towards the individuals through political and commercial and other organisations. The ancient thinkers of Bharat

society. Its postulate was not only the duty of the individual towards the society but also the duty of the society towards the individuals through political and commercial and other organisations. The ancient thinkers of Bharat

of the State as laid down in "Rajadharma"was to ensure that everyone conforms to Dharma. The doctrine of Laissez-faire was never accepted in this land.  

of the State as laid down in "Rajadharma"was to ensure that everyone conforms to Dharma. The doctrine of Laissez-faire was never accepted in this land.  

2.  Another distinctive feature was the rejection of the principle of "the greatest good of the greatest number"''',''' according to which, in order to secure the good of a large number of persons, injustice could be caused to a small number of persons. The ideal laid down was,<blockquote>"sarve janah sukhino bhavantu"</blockquote>Meaning : Everyone should be happy.

2.  Another distinctive feature was the rejection of the principle of "the greatest good of the greatest number"''',''' according to which, in order to secure the good of a large number of persons, injustice could be caused to a small number of persons. The ideal laid down was,<blockquote>"sarve janah sukhino bhavantu"</blockquote>Meaning : Everyone should be happy.