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| === समावर्तनम् (स्नातकम्) विवाहः च ॥ Snataka and Marriage === | | === समावर्तनम् (स्नातकम्) विवाहः च ॥ Snataka and Marriage === |
− | A lot of confusion prevails as to the conduct of Samavartana and Marriage whether they should be conducted as contiguous events or not. Later when Upanayana lost its educational significance, it became more of a bodily samskara, more of a license for marriage. But because marriage could not take place before the Samavartana, it must be performed some time before marriage. In the present situations, in majority of cases Upanayana is performed followed by Samavartana immediately and all this has become symbolic. Unfortunately, it portrays that education of the person is completed even before it commenced.<ref name=":1" /> <blockquote>वेदानधीत्य वेदौ वा वेदं वापि यथाक्रमम् । अविप्लुतब्रह्मचर्यो गृहस्थाश्रममावसेत् ॥ (Manu. Smrt. 3.2)<ref name=":2" /></blockquote><blockquote>अनधीत्य द्विजो वेदान् अनुत्पाद्य तथा सुतान् । अनिष्ट्वा चैव यज्ञांश्च मोक्षमिच्छन् व्रजत्यधः ॥ (Manu. Smrt. 6.37)<ref>Manusmrti ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%83/%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83 Adhyaya 6])</ref></blockquote>वेदमधीत्य स्नायात् गुरुकुलात् मा समवर्तिष्ट इत्यदृष्टार्थतापरिहरायैव -- '''शाबरभाष्यम् , 1-1''' | + | A lot of confusion prevails as to the conduct of Samavartana and Marriage whether they should be conducted as contiguous events or not. Later when Upanayana lost its educational significance, it became more of a bodily samskara, more of a license for marriage. But because marriage could not take place before the Samavartana, it must be performed some time before marriage. In the present situations, in majority of cases Upanayana is performed followed by Samavartana immediately and all this has become symbolic. Unfortunately, it portrays that education of the person is completed even before it commenced.<ref name=":1" /> <blockquote>वेदानधीत्य वेदौ वा वेदं वापि यथाक्रमम् । अविप्लुतब्रह्मचर्यो गृहस्थाश्रममावसेत् ॥ (Manu. Smrt. 3.2)<ref name=":2" /></blockquote><blockquote>अनधीत्य द्विजो वेदान् अनुत्पाद्य तथा सुतान् । अनिष्ट्वा चैव यज्ञांश्च मोक्षमिच्छन् व्रजत्यधः ॥ (Manu. Smrt. 6.37)<ref>Manusmrti ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%83/%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83 Adhyaya 6])</ref></blockquote><blockquote>गुरुगेहदनावृत्तः स्नातको हि न कथ्यते । तत्परत्वविधानाच्च न तवत् दारसङ्ग्रहः ॥ (Shlok. Vart. Praty. 103 and 104)</blockquote>All the above stand for विवाहः after समावर्तनम् । We see that there is no insistence on performance of समवर्तनम् and विवाह without pause.<blockquote>वेदमधीत्य स्नास्यन् प्रागुदयात् व्रजं प्रविश्य अन्तर्लोम्ना चर्मणा द्वारमपिधाय आस्ते। (Apas. Grhy. Sutr. 5.12.1)</blockquote><blockquote>रतिना सम्भाष्य यथार्थं गच्छति । (Apas. Grhy. Sutr. 5.12.14)</blockquote>Having discussed with a friend , the student would go to an आश्रम (गार्हस्थ्यम् , वानप्रस्थम् , संन्यासः ) as per his choice. |
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− | The above are two sentences - says Kumarila ( '''श्लोकवार्तिकम् - प्रत्यक्षसूत्रम् , 105''')
| + | Therefore one cannot claim that both समावर्तनम् and विवाह are without any gap (अव्यवहित)। |
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− | '''गुरुगेहदनावृत्तः स्नातको हि न कथ्यते ।'''
| + | The dispute that one should not remain without an Ashrama even for a single moment, (hence if a snataka was not immediately married to enter into the next ashrama) he would have to do prayashcitta for sure. <blockquote>अनाश्रमी न तिष्ठते दिनमेकमपि द्विजः। आश्रमेण विना तिष्ठन्प्रायश्चित्तीयते हि सः। (Daks. Smrt. 1.10)</blockquote>Yajnavalkya Smruti, Brahma Sutra Shaankara Bhashya quote this Vachana of Daksha. |
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− | '''तत्परत्वविधानाच्च न तवत् दारसङ्ग्रहः ॥ श्लो वा , प्रत्यक्ष . 103-104'''
| + | सुदर्शनाचार्य discusses the above issue as follows<blockquote>सर्वर्तवो विवाहस्य इति सूत्रात् यदा दक्षिणायने विवाहः तदा समावर्तनमपि तत्रैव - अन्यथा उदगयने समावर्तने अनाश्रमी न तिष्ठेत् इति विरोधः स्यात् ।</blockquote>The purport is that - since all ऋतुs are acceptable for विवाह , one has to decide well in advance as to which आश्रम he wants to embrace - गृहस्थवानप्रस्थसंन्यासाश्रमाः ( ब्रह्मचर्यादेव प्रव्रजेत् etc) and if he wishes to go to गृहस्थाश्रम then he has to arrange the विवाह, with the help of friends , parents and गुरु, and see to it that both स्नातकव्रतम् and विवाह fall in the same - either उत्तरायणम् or दक्षिणायनम् । समावर्तनम् in उत्तरायणम् and विवाह in दक्षिणायनम् or vice versa is not acceptable as it would offend the above नियम (niyama meaning rule) ordained by धर्मशास्त्रम्। Any violation of the above नियम would attract कृच्छ्रव्रतम् (Krcchravratam) as प्रायश्चित्त (prayaschitta).(By Dr. Korada Subrahmanyam in BVP Forum<ref>Bharatiya Vidvat Parishad ([https://groups.google.com/forum/#!searchin/bvparishat/samskaras%7Csort:date/bvparishat/_Cmbjz1efCQ/7BlKbT80CgAJ Samavartana])</ref>) |
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− | '''All the above stand for विवाह after समावर्तनम् । No insistence on performance of समवर्तनम् and विवाह without pause.'''
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− | वेदमधीत्य स्नास्यन् प्रागुदयात् व्रजं प्रविश्य अन्तर्लोम्ना चर्मणा द्वारमपिधाय आस्ते -- '''आपस्तम्बगृह्यसूत्रम् , 5-12-1'''
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− | रतिना सम्भाष्य यथार्थं गच्छति --- '''आप् गृ सू , 5-12-14'''
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− | '''Having discussed with a friend , the student would go to an आश्रम (गार्हस्थ्यम् , वानप्रस्थम् , संन्यासः ) as he likes .'''
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− | '''सुदर्शनतात्पर्यदर्शनम् --'''
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− | रातिः मित्रम् , रमयतीति व्युत्पत्त्या । तेन सह विस्रब्धः संभाष्य आत्मशक्त्याद्यनुरूपं धर्मादिकं विचार्य निश्चित्य । यथार्थं गच्छति तेन रातिना सह यो’र्थः धर्मो मोक्षो वा साध्यत्वेन अवधृतः तदनुरूपम् आश्रमं गार्हस्थ्यं मौनं वा प्रतिपद्यते । एवं च ब्रह्मचर्यादेव प्रव्रजतो’पि सम्भाषणान्तं स्नानं कृत्वैव प्रव्रज्या ।
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− | Therefore one cannot claim that both समावर्तनम् and विवाह are अव्यवहित । May be it is their convenience .
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| == दीक्षाप्रवचनम् ॥ Addressing the Students == | | == दीक्षाप्रवचनम् ॥ Addressing the Students == |