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Ayurveda and Darshana Shastras are the contemporary systems of knowledge developed in Bharatawarsha. Various concepts and theories found in Ayurveda and Darshanas have similarities. Darshanas represent the Schools of Hindu Philosophy and offer methods to acquire knowledge of the elements in this universe. Since Purusha, the Object of discussion in Ayruveda, is a part of this universe, many theories and concepts discussed in Darshanas are applicable to Ayurvedeeya system of knowledge as well.

[[Ayurveda (आयुर्वेदः)|Ayurveda]] and [[Shad Darshanas (षड्दर्शनानि)|Darshana]] Shastras are the contemporary systems of knowledge developed in Bharatawarsha. Various concepts and theories found in Ayurveda and [[Shad Darshanas (षड्दर्शनानि)|Darshanas]] have similarities. Darshanas represent the Schools of Hindu Philosophy and offer methods to acquire knowledge of the elements in this universe. Since [[Purusha (पुरुषः)|Purush]]<nowiki/>a, the Object of discussion in [[Ayurveda (आयुर्वेदः)|Ayurveda]], is a part of this universe, many theories and concepts discussed in Darshanas are applicable to Ayurvedeeya system of knowledge as well.

== परिचयः Introduction ==

== परिचयः Introduction ==

Ayurveda Prayaojana is to maintain the health and well being of Purusha to confer longevity. While the Darshana shastras discuss about the Nature of External World and its Relationship with Individual Soul, Relationship of World of Appearances to Ultimate Reality and Describing the Goal of Life and Means by which one can attain the Goal. (Citation needed). Darshanas form the part of Indian philosophy and act as the tools which enable the apprehension of facts pertaining to the external world. Since Ayurveda is a system of Knowledge about life and, Darshanas provide means to apprehend the facts or obtain the knowledge; Ayurveda adopted some theories and concepts described in Darshanas as tools to facilitate learning for the seeker. The object of discussion in Darshanas is mainly the cosmos and all elements related to it, which is totally different from the object and purpose of Ayurveda. Thus, Ayurveda accepts these theories within the frame of reference of Ayurveda without deviating from its basic concepts, object and scope.  

Ayurveda Prayaojana is to maintain the health and well being of Purusha to confer longevity. While the Darshana shastras discuss about the nature of external world and its relationship with individual soul. Darshanas also provide insights about goal of life and means by which one can attain the Goal.{{Citation needed}}. Darshanas form the part of Indian philosophy and act as the tools which enable the apprehension of facts pertaining to the external world. Since Ayurveda is a system of knowledge about life and, Darshanas provide means to apprehend the facts or obtain the knowledge; Ayurveda adopted some theories and concepts described in Darshanas as tools to facilitate learning for the seeker. The object of discussion in Darshanas is mainly the cosmos and all elements involved into it, which is totally different from the object and purpose of Ayurveda. Thus, Ayurveda accepts these theories within the frame of reference of Ayurveda without deviating from its basic concepts, object and scope.  

Among all the Darshanas, Ayurveda is interconnected with Sankhya, Vaisheshika, Yoga, Nyaya, Poorva mimansa, Uttara mimansa darshanas in general. There are also references at places where Ayurveda seems to have similarity with theories in Bouddha Darshana, Jaina darshana and very rarely with Charvaka darshana.

Among all the Darshanas, Ayurveda is interconnected with Sankhya, Vaisheshika, Yoga, [[Nyaya Darshana (न्यायदर्शनम्)|Nyaya]], Poorva mimansa, Uttara mimansa (or [[Vedanta (वेदान्तः)|Vedanta]]) darshanas in general. There are also references where Ayurveda seems to have similarity with theories proposed by Bouddha darshana, Jaina darshana and Charvaka darshana at rare places.

== Sankha Darshana and Ayurveda ==

== Sankhya darshana and Ayurveda ==

Ayurveda has adopted many theories proposed by Sankhya darshana indicating considerable influence of this school of Indian Philosophy on Ayurveda.   

Ayurveda has adopted many theories proposed by Sankhya darshana indicating considerable influence of this school of Indian Philosophy on Ayurveda.   

=== Pramanas ===

=== Pramanas ===

# Pramanas- Pramanas are the means to acquire the correct knowledge of any object. Pratyaksha (Direct perception by senses), Anumana (Inference drawn on the basis of well established known relationships) and Aptopadesha (Knowledge obtained from trusted sources like Treatises, Gurus etc) are the 3 such ways or means to acquire the knowledge proposed by Sankhyas. Ayurveda has accepted all 3 Pramanas as the tools for obtaining the knowledge about Rogas and it is clearly indicated in Charaka Samhita Vimanasthana as follows,   

# [[Pramanas in Astika Darshanas (आस्तिकदर्शन-प्रमाणानि)|Pramanas]]- Pramanas are the means to acquire the correct knowledge of any object in this universe. Pratyaksha (Direct perception by senses), Anumana (Inference drawn on the basis of well established relationships that are previously known to the individual) and Aptopadesha (Knowledge obtained from trusted sources like classical treatises, Gurus etc) are the 3 such ways or means proposed by Sankhyas to acquire knowledge . Ayurveda has accepted all 3 Pramanas as the tools for obtaining the knowledge about rogas and it is clearly indicated in Charaka Samhita Vimanasthana as follows,   

<blockquote>त्रिविधम् खलु रोगविषेशविग्यानम् भवति- तद् यथा आप्तोपदेशः, प्रत्यक्षं, अनुमानं चेति।– (Char. Samh. Vima. 4.3) <ref>Charaka Samhita ([https://archive.org/details/CharakaSamhitaHindiVolume1/page/n535 Vimanasthanam])</ref></blockquote>

<blockquote>त्रिविधम् खलु रोगविषेशविग्यानम् भवति- तद् यथा आप्तोपदेशः, प्रत्यक्षं, अनुमानं चेति।– (Char. Samh. Vima. 4.3) <ref>Charaka Samhita ([https://archive.org/details/CharakaSamhitaHindiVolume1/page/n535 Vimanasthanam])</ref></blockquote>Meaning: There are 3 means to acquire knowledge about rogas (Diseases) viz. Aptopadesha , Pratyaksha and Anumana.

=== Types of Misery ===

=== Types of Misery ===

<blockquote>Sankhya darshana lays greater emphasis on elimination of physical and mental pain to achieve the liberation. In this reference, 3 types of misery are described by Sankhyas namely Adhibhoutik, Adhidaivik & Adhyatmik. Ayurveda considers Vikara or Wyadhi as Dukkha and thus, Sushruta Samhita has classified diseases on the basis Dukkha / miseries in a similar pattern as described by Sankhya.</blockquote><blockquote>प्रागभिहितं तद्दु:खसंयोगाः व्याधयः इति। तच्च दुःखं त्रिविधं- आध्यात्मिकम्, आधिदैविकम्, आधिभौतिकमिति।- सुश्रुतसंहिता सूत्रस्थानम् २४/४ </blockquote>

<blockquote>Sankhya darshana lays greater emphasis on elimination of physical and mental pain to achieve the liberation. For this reason, 3 types of misery are described by Sankhyas namely, Adhibhoutik, Adhidaivik & Adhyatmik. The entire knowledge in Ayurveda is focused on the purusha,  the diseases affecting Purusha and the measures to provide health and well-being to Purusha by eliminating these diseases. Ayurveda considers Vikara or Wyadhi (meaning diseases) as Dukkha and thus, Sushruta Samhita has classified diseases on the basis of 3 types of Dukkha or miseries as described in Sanskhya darshana.</blockquote><blockquote>प्रागभिहितं तद्दु:खसंयोगाः व्याधयः इति। तच्च दुःखं त्रिविधं- आध्यात्मिकम्, आधिदैविकम्, आधिभौतिकमिति।- (Sush. Samh. Soot. 24/4) सुश्रुतसंहिता सूत्रस्थानम् २४/४ </blockquote>

 

=== Sristi utpatti Siddhanta and realms of evolution ===

=== Sristi utpatti Siddhanta and realms of evolution ===