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Line 6: − + − − .rd category, Karma or action, consists of five third or throwing upwards, olds of ion, acts, viz., or throwing downwards, contraction, dePress-nn and motion. esensi„ The fourth category, Samanya or generality of nroPer' ties is twofold, viz., (i) higher and lower generality and a) that of genus and species. - The fifth category, Visesha or particularity, belongs to the nine eternal substances of the first category, all of which have an eternal ultimate difference distinguishing each from the others. Therefore, the system is called Vaiseshika. The sixth category, Samavaya or co-inherence, is of only one kind. It is the co-inherence between a substance and its qualities, between a genus or species and its individuals, between any object and the general idea connected with it and is thought to be a real entity. There are four kinds of Abhava, the seventh category, viz., antecedent non-existence, cessation of existence, mutual non-existence and absolute non-existence. Knowledge of the Padarthas Secures Supreme Good Knowledge of the Padarthas is the means of attaining the Supreme Good. The Supreme Good results from the knowledge produced—by a particular − − ,4i1 − − ci eLl shl a Toise category, Samavaya or co-inherence, is of v The It is the co-inherence between a substance − − ly one orl its qualitieg, between a genus or species and its Afidividuals, between any object and the general idea ilicionected with it and is thought to be a real entity_ cThere are four kinds of Abhava, the seventh category, viz., antecedent non-existence, cessation of mutual non-existence and absolute existence, on-existence. Knowledge of the Padarthas Secures Supreme Good Knowledge of the Padarthas is the means of attaining the Supreme Good. The Supreme Good results from the knowledge produced—by a particular Dharma---of the essence of the Padarthas, by means of their resemblances and differences. − − THE PRINCIPLE OF ADRISHTA AND ITS INADEQUACIES − − Kanada does not openly refer to God in his Sutras. His belief was that the formation of the world was the result of Adrishta, the unseen force of Karmas or acts. He traces the primal activities of the atoms and souls to the Principle of Adrishta. − − 200 − − ALL ABOUT HINDUISM − − The followers of Kanada introduce God efficient cause of the world. The atoms are th I le tht cause of the universe. 4ter. The unthinking atoms have not the power a intelligence to run this universe in an orderly mad th Surely, the activities of the atoms are regulatedb ners omniscient and omnipotent God. Inference 31 scriptures compel us to admit God. What is tahN intelligence which makes the Adrishta to operate? Thar intelligence is God. The five elements are effects, They at must be preceded by someone who has a knowledge of them. That 'someone' is God. There must be an author for the Vedas. The contents of the Vedas are destitute of error. The author is free from deceit. He must be an omniscient Being. The souls are destitute of intelligence in the state of dissolution. Hence they cannot control the activities of the atoms. There is no source of motion within the atoms. Therefore, there must be a first mover of the atom. That First Mover is the Creator or God. Line 80:
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Vaiseshika Darshana (वैशेषिकदर्शनम्) (view source)
Revision as of 12:36, 28 March 2018
, 12:36, 28 March 2018Added and edited content
# पूर्वमीमांसा || Poorva Mimamsa (Jaimini)
# पूर्वमीमांसा || Poorva Mimamsa (Jaimini)
# उत्तरमीमांसा || Uttara Mimamsa or वेदान्त || Vedanta (Badrayana or Vyasa)
# उत्तरमीमांसा || Uttara Mimamsa or वेदान्त || Vedanta (Badrayana or Vyasa)
Vaisheshika or Vaiśeṣika (Sanskrit: वैशेषिक) is one of the Shad Darsanas or the Veda Upangas which exist traditionally since ancient times in India. The Vaiseshika system takes its name from Visesha, or particularity which is the characteristic differential of things. Rishi Kanada is credited as the founder of the Vaiseshika system of philosophy. He is also known by the names, Aulukya and Kasyapa. The aphorisms of Kanada contain the essence of the Vaiseshika philosophy. The principal subject treated therein is Visesha, one of the six Padarthas or categories enumerated by the founder.<ref name=":0">Swami Sivananda, All About HInduism, Page 196-202</ref>
Vaisheshika or Vaiśeṣika (Sanskrit: वैशेषिक) is one of the [[Shad Darshanas|Shad Darsanas]] or the Veda Upangas which exist traditionally since ancient times in India. The Vaiseshika system takes its name from Visesha, or particularity which is the characteristic differential of things. Rishi Kanada is credited as the founder of the Vaiseshika system of philosophy. He is also known by the names, Aulukya and Kasyapa. The aphorisms of Kanada contain the essence of the Vaiseshika philosophy. The principal subject treated therein is Visesha, one of the six Padarthas or categories enumerated by the founder.<ref name=":0">Swami Sivananda, All About HInduism, Page 196-202</ref>
== The Seven Padarthas<ref name=":0" /> ==
== The Seven Padarthas<ref name=":0" /> ==
A Padartha is an object which can be thought (Artha) and named (Pada). All things which exist, which can be perceived and named, all objects of experience, are Padarthas. Compound substances are dependent and transitory. Simple substances are eternal and independent.
A Padartha is an object which can be thought (Artha) and named (Pada). All things which exist, which can be perceived and named, all objects of experience, are Padarthas. Compound substances are dependent and transitory. Simple substances are eternal and independent.
As per Vaiseshika, knowledge of the Padarthas is the means of attaining the Supreme Good. The Supreme Good results from the knowledge produced—by a particular Dharma - of the essence of the Padarthas, by means of their resemblances and differences.
The Padarthas of the Vaiseshika are the following:
The Padarthas of the Vaiseshika are the following:
=== Abhava ===
=== Abhava ===
There are four kinds of Abhava, the seventh category, viz., antecedent non-existence, cessation of existence
There are four kinds of Abhava, the seventh category, viz., antecedent non-existence, cessation of existence
== The Principle of Adrishta<ref name=":0" /> ==
Kanada does not openly refer to God in his Sutras. His belief was that the formation of the world was the result of Adrishta, the unseen force of Karmas or acts. He traces the primal activities of the atoms and souls to the Principle of Adrishta.
The followers of Kanada introduce God efficient cause of the world. The atoms are th I le tht cause of the universe. 4ter. The unthinking atoms have not the power a intelligence to run this universe in an orderly mad th Surely, the activities of the atoms are regulatedb ners omniscient and omnipotent God. Inference 31 scriptures compel us to admit God. What is tahN intelligence which makes the Adrishta to operate? Thar intelligence is God. The five elements are effects, They at must be preceded by someone who has a knowledge of them. That 'someone' is God. There must be an author for the Vedas. The contents of the Vedas are destitute of error. The author is free from deceit. He must be an omniscient Being. The souls are destitute of intelligence in the state of dissolution. Hence they cannot control the activities of the atoms. There is no source of motion within the atoms. Therefore, there must be a first mover of the atom. That First Mover is the Creator or God.
....... In its early stages, the Vaiśeṣika was an independent philosophy with its own metaphysics, epistemology, logic, ethics, and path to mukti or liberation. Over time, the Vaiśeṣika system became similar in its philosophical procedures, ethical conclusions and in it's theory of liberation to the Nyāya Darshana, but retained its difference in epistemology and metaphysics.
....... In its early stages, the Vaiśeṣika was an independent philosophy with its own metaphysics, epistemology, logic, ethics, and path to mukti or liberation. Over time, the Vaiśeṣika system became similar in its philosophical procedures, ethical conclusions and in it's theory of liberation to the Nyāya Darshana, but retained its difference in epistemology and metaphysics.