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|gaarhapatya and kapalas
 
|gaarhapatya and kapalas
 
|potsherd for taking purodasa
 
|potsherd for taking purodasa
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|}
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In contrast to the potter’s wheel that was in use to turn clay in the Indus Valley, these large clay vessels had all to be kneaded by hand to exacting schedules using certain special clays (e.g. from an ant-hill, or from a place snouted open by varaha). The purodasa cake of rice or barley flour to be baked in a flat clay vessel with a specific number of hollows of various shapes for different purposes.
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{| class="wikitable"
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|+Strainers, Ladles, Spoons<ref name=":1" />
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!
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!Name
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!Description
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|-
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|1
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|paavitra
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|strainer made of sheep's wool for filtering soma juice
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|-
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|2
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|karotara
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|a strainer
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|-
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|3
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|sruk
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|collective term for large wooden ladles used for libations, with a yoni-shaped bowl ending in a lip
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|-
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|4
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|juhu, dhruva, upabhrt, pracharani
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|a sruk, kinds of wooden ladles
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|-
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|5
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|darvi
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|a small ladle with a long, slim handle and a tiny lipless bowl fo sprinkling libations
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|-
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|6
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|sruvi or sruva, tragbila, vitasti
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|is similar to a darvi
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|-
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|7
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|pariplava
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|spoon without a handle for drawing out soma
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|-
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|8
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|havani
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|a spoon, used e.g. by the agnihotr
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|-
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|9
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|grahani
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|spoon, used e.g. to hold the prasadiya of butter and buttermilk
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|-
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|10
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|pariplupatra and antardhana
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|a ladle
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|-
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|11
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|prasaka
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|a decanting vessel with a long handle and a large cup-like bowl
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|}
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Many objects from these Vedic times, such as chulli, darvi, grahani, shula are instantly recognisable as being in use even today.
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Not surprisingly, some of these vessels, like the drona, kumbha, halasa, ghata, sarava and sthali later became volume measures.
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Fire was raised by friction between pieces of wood, and a perpetual fire was kept going in pots called kumpatti. Into this was poked a stick called sulundu, sometimes tipped with sulphur.
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{| class="wikitable"
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|+Fire Utensils<ref name=":1" />
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!
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!Name
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!Description
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|-
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|1
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|Arani
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|a spindle (worked with a length of string) and a
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wooden board with a friction hole
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|-
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|2
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|sata
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|two large vessels for carrying embers
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|-
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|3
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|parishasa
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|tongs to lift the gharma from the fire
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|-
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|4
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|upavesana
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|wooden pokers for stirring the fire and for removing embers
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|-
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|5
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|dhrshti
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|a pair of pokers used to stir the fire and to remove embers
 
|}
 
|}
  

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