Changes

It refers to the serenity, gentleness and silence of the mind (ie. control of thought which precedes the silence of the tongue), self-control and purity of the heart.

It refers to the serenity, gentleness and silence of the mind (ie. control of thought which precedes the silence of the tongue), self-control and purity of the heart.

|श्रद्धया परया तप्तं तपस्तत्त्रिविधं नरैः । अफलाकाङ्क्षिभिर्युक्तैः सात्त्विकं परिचक्षते ॥१७.१७॥

This threefold austerity, performed with transcendental faith by men not expecting material benefits but engaged only for the sake of the Supreme, is called austerity in goodness.<ref name=":5" />

|Tapa is said to be Rajasika in nature when it is practised

This threefold austerity practised with supreme faith by steadfast men, without desire for fruit, is said to be of the nature of sattva.

* to gain respect, honour and reverence

* out of pride

Penance performed out of pride and for the sake of gaining respect, honor and worship is said to be in the mode of passion. It is neither stable nor permanent.<ref name=":5" />

The austerity that is practised in order to gain respect, honour and reverence and for ostentation, is said to be of the nature of rajas. Its result is uncertain and transitory.

The result of such Tapa is uncertain and transient.

|मूढग्राहेणात्मनो यत्पीडया क्रियते तपः । परस्योत्सादनार्थं वा तत्तामसमुदाहृतम् ॥१७.१९॥

|Tapa is said to be Tamasika in nature when it is performed

Penance performed out of foolishness, with Self-torture or to destroy or injure others, is said to be in the mode of ignorance.<ref name=":5" />

The austerity that is practised with a determination based on foolishness, by means of self-torture or for the purpose of ruining another is declared to be of the nature of tamas.

* out of foolishness

* by means of Self-torture

* to destroy or injure others

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=== दानम् ॥ Dana ===

=== दानम् ॥ Dana ===

|दातव्यमिति यद्दानं दीयतेऽनुपकारिणे । देशे काले च पात्रे च तद्दानं सात्त्विकं स्मृतम् ॥१७.२०॥

|दातव्यमिति यद्दानं दीयतेऽनुपकारिणे । देशे काले च पात्रे च तद्दानं सात्त्विकं स्मृतम् ॥१७.२०॥

Charity given out of duty, without expectation of return, at the proper time and place, and to a worthy person is considered to be in the mode of goodness.

Charity given out of duty, without expectation of return, at the proper time and place, and to a worthy person is considered to be in the mode of goodness.