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Line 178: − + − This verse equates Shraddha to lack of knowledge, to being sceptical and presents shraddha as a precondition of happiness. Furthermore, in verse 9.3, Shri Krishna tells Arjuna that people without shraddha, e in the teachings of Krsna go through the cycle of life and death without attaining moksa. + − − In this verse, absence of shraddha is equated to lack of knowledge. Further, absence of shraddha is equated to being sceptical, and shraddha is also presented as a precondition of happiness. − − In verse 4.40 Krsna tells Arjuna that those who are ignorant, without shraddha, and sceptical are ruined, completely lose out on achievements both in this world and beyond, and also do not find happiness. In this verse, absence of shraddha is equated to lack of knowledge. − − Verse 4.39 also states that only those who have shraddha obtain knowledge (śraddhāvān labhate jñānam). Further, absence of shraddha is equated to being sceptical, and shraddha is also presented as a precondition of happiness. − − अश्रद्दधानाः पुरुषा धर्मस्यास्य परन्तप । अप्राप्य मां निवर्तन्ते मृत्युसंसारवर्त्मनि ॥९.३॥<ref name=":8" /> − − In verse 9.3, Krsna tells Arjuna that people without shraddha in the teachings of Krsna go through the cycle of life and death without attaining moksa.
→श्रद्धाविहिनत्वम् ॥ Absence of Shraddha: Editing
== श्रद्धाविहिनत्वम् ॥ Absence of Shraddha ==
== श्रद्धाविहिनत्वम् ॥ Absence of Shraddha ==
It is already enumerated earlier in verse 4.39 that only those who have shraddha obtain knowledge.<blockquote>श्रद्धावाँल्लभते ज्ञानं ... ॥४.३९॥<ref name=":6" /> śraddhāvām̐llabhate jñānaṁ ... ॥4.39॥</blockquote>In continuity to this, Shri Krishna in the following verse says, <blockquote>अज्ञश्चाश्रद्दधानश्च संशयात्मा विनश्यति । नायं लोकोऽस्ति न परो न सुखं संशयात्मनः ॥४.४०॥<ref name=":6" />
It is already enumerated earlier in verse 4.39 that only those who have shraddha obtain knowledge.<ref name=":4" /><blockquote>श्रद्धावाँल्लभते ज्ञानं ... ॥४.३९॥<ref name=":6" /> śraddhāvām̐llabhate jñānaṁ ... ॥4.39॥</blockquote>In continuity to this, Shri Krishna in the following verse says, <blockquote>अज्ञश्चाश्रद्दधानश्च संशयात्मा विनश्यति । नायं लोकोऽस्ति न परो न सुखं संशयात्मनः ॥४.४०॥<ref name=":6" />
ajñaścāśraddadhānaśca saṁśayātmā vinaśyati । nāyaṁ loko'sti na paro na sukhaṁ saṁśayātmanaḥ ॥4.40॥</blockquote>Meaning: Those who are ignorant, without shraddha and sceptical are ruined and completely lose out on achievements both in this world and beyond, and also do not find happiness.
ajñaścāśraddadhānaśca saṁśayātmā vinaśyati । nāyaṁ loko'sti na paro na sukhaṁ saṁśayātmanaḥ ॥4.40॥</blockquote>Meaning: Those who are ignorant, without shraddha and sceptical are ruined and completely lose out on achievements both in this world and beyond, and also do not find happiness.
Thus, absence of Shraddha is equated to lack of knowledge, to being sceptical and shraddha itself is presented herein as a precondition of happiness.<ref name=":4" />
== श्रद्धाफलम् ॥ Fruit of Shraddha ==
== श्रद्धाफलम् ॥ Fruit of Shraddha ==