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Patanjali has drawn attention to the concept that there are many words with same sense; like for Indra, Shakra, Puruhuta and Purandara apply as synonyms. Again one and same word is also found to have different senses, for example, aksha (means the "die" in gambling as well as "axle"), pada, masha are seen in his Mahabhashya.<blockquote>बहवो हि शब्दा एकार्था भवन्ति । तद्यथा--इन्द्रः शक्रः पुरुहूतः पुरन्दरः । कन्दुः कोष्ठः कुसूल इति । एकश्च शब्दो बह्वर्थः । तद्यथा--अक्षाः पादा माषा इति ।(Mahabhashya under Panini Sutra 1.3.1)<ref>Mahabhashya ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%BD%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5 Adhyaya 1 Pada 3])</ref></blockquote>Yaska's explanation in this regard may be taken as one of the explanations for the presence of synonyms and homonyms in a language. According to him all nouns are derived from verbal roots and different etymologies are offered for a single word when its meaning becomes different.

Patanjali has drawn attention to the concept that there are many words with same sense; like for Indra, Shakra, Puruhuta and Purandara apply as synonyms. Again one and same word is also found to have different senses, for example, aksha (means the "die" in gambling as well as "axle"), pada, masha are seen in his Mahabhashya.<blockquote>बहवो हि शब्दा एकार्था भवन्ति । तद्यथा--इन्द्रः शक्रः पुरुहूतः पुरन्दरः । कन्दुः कोष्ठः कुसूल इति । एकश्च शब्दो बह्वर्थः । तद्यथा--अक्षाः पादा माषा इति ।(Mahabhashya under Panini Sutra 1.3.1)<ref>Mahabhashya ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%BD%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5 Adhyaya 1 Pada 3])</ref></blockquote>Yaska's explanation in this regard may be taken as one of the explanations for the presence of synonyms and homonyms in a language. According to him all nouns are derived from verbal roots and different etymologies are offered for a single word when its meaning becomes different.

In case of the nanartha shabdas (homonyms) or in homophones there is a possibility of doubt as to the exact meaning intended. When a word denotes several primary meanings and out of them, in an ambiguous expression, one has to determine the exact meaning that fits in the given context. Bhartrhari in his Vakyapadiyam describes a list of certain conditions that serve to bring out the intended meaning of that particular word in an ambiguous expression. The [[Deciding Factors of Meaning|deciding factors of meaning]] include Association, Dissociation, Company etc.   

In case of the nanartha shabdas (homonyms) or in homophones there is a possibility of doubt as to the exact meaning intended. When a word denotes several primary meanings or in the case of ambiguous expressions, one needs[[Arthaviveka (अर्थविवेकः)]] or the ability to discern the meaning based on certain factors, to determine the exact meaning that fits in the given context. It is an important concept used especially in areas such as poetics. In Brhddevata, the rules regarding the meaning of a Vedic mantra, as well as that of an ordinary sentence are said to be governed by at least six factors. Bhartrhari in his Vakyapadiyam describes a list of conditions that serve to bring out the intended meaning of that particular word in an ambiguous expression. The deciding factors of meaning include Association, Dissociation, Company etc.   

== पदजातानि ॥ Word Categories ==

== पदजातानि ॥ Word Categories ==