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Line 1: − {{ToBeEdited}} − + + + + + + + + + + + + + Line 70:
Line 81: − + − + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − + + + + − + − [[File:Number knowledge - BANANA 15 CIRCLE 10.png|frameless|250x250px]]+ − − [[File:Number Knowledge - BRINJAL.png|frameless|250x250px]] + + + − [[File:Number knowledge - CORN.png|frameless|250x250px]] − [[File:BHENDI.png|frameless|250x250px]] + + + − [[File:Number knowledge - POTATO.png|frameless|250x250px]] − [[File:Number Knowledge - Bottle gourd.png|frameless|250x250px]] + + + − − [[File:Number Knoweledge - LEMON.png|frameless|245x245px]] − [[File:Number Knowledge - CARROT.png|frameless|250x250px]] − |} − − == Activity : Expanded forms of Numbers == − Number Exercise: Partitioning a 2-digit number (20 to 99) An introduction to place-value system − − Write each number identifying the number of groups of 10s − {| class="wikitable" − |34 has <u>30</u> and <u>4</u> − |78 has <u>70</u> and <u>8</u> − |91 has ______ and ______ − + − + − + + + + + + + + + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + Line 151:
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Line 272: − + − − [[File:Number knowledge - Lotus flowers and circles with numbers.png|frameless|601x601px]] − − Count by 3 and circle the numbers starting from 1. Join the circled numbers. Colour the picture yellow. − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + + + + Line 440:
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no edit summary
Welcome to Class 1 Number Knowledge lesson plan
Welcome to Class 1 Number Knowledge lesson plan
{{Infobox
| name = Ganita Education Series
| title = Class 1 Lesson Plans in English
| subheader = [[Introduction to Mathematics (English) | Lesson:1 Introduction to Mathematics]]
| subheader2 = [[Shapes | Lesson 2: Shapes]]
| subheader3 = [[Number Knowledge | Lesson 3: Number Knowledge]]
| subheader4 = [[Place value System | Lesson 4: Place value System]]
| subheader5 = [[Addition | Lesson 5: Addition]]
| subheader6 = [[Subtraction | Lesson 6: Subtraction]]
| subheader7 = [[Measurement | Lesson 7: Measurement]]
| subheader8 = [[Time | Lesson 8: Time ]]
| subheader9 = [[Whole and Parts | Lesson 9: Whole and Parts]]
| subheader10 = [[Money | Lesson 10: Money]]}}
== Learning Objectives ==
== Learning Objectives ==
|विंशतिः
|विंशतिः
|}
|}
==Practice Writing==
==Practice Writing Numbers==
[[File:Number knowledge - Page 1.png|frameless|586x586px]]
Writing exercise of Samskrit numbers.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
| style="height:80px; width: 100px;" |[[File:Number knowledge - Sanskrit Number 1.PNG|frameless]]
| style="height:80px; width: 100px;" |[[File:Number knowledge - Sanskrit Number 1.PNG|frameless]]
| style="height:80px; width: 100px;" |
| style="height:80px; width: 100px;" |
| style="height:80px; width: 100px;" |
| style="height:80px; width: 100px;" |
|- style="height:80px; width: 100px;"
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|- style="height:80px; width: 100px;"
|[[File:Number knowledge - Sanskrit Number 2.PNG|frameless|66x66px]]
|[[File:Number knowledge - Sanskrit Number 2.PNG|frameless|66x66px]]
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|- style="height:80px; width: 100px;"
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|- style="height:80px; width: 100px;"
|[[File:Number knowledge - Sanskrit Number 3.PNG|frameless]]
|[[File:Number knowledge - Sanskrit Number 3.PNG|frameless]]
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|- style="height:80px; width: 100px;"
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|- style="height:80px; width: 100px;"
|[[File:Number knowledge - Sanskrit Number 4.PNG|frameless|58x58px]]
|[[File:Number knowledge - Sanskrit Number 4.PNG|frameless|58x58px]]
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|- style="height:80px; width: 100px;"
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|- style="height:80px; width: 100px;"
|[[File:Number knowledge - Sanskrit Number 5.PNG|frameless|68x68px]]
|[[File:Number knowledge - Sanskrit Number 5.PNG|frameless|68x68px]]
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|}
See the end of this chapter for more practice sheets.
See the end of this chapter for more practice sheets.
== Activity: Find the 10s ==
== Expanded forms of Numbers ==
Number Exercise: Partitioning a 2-digit number (20 to 99) An introduction to place-value system.
=== Activity: Find the 10s ===
Number exercise: Partitioning a 2-digit number.
Number exercise: Partitioning a 2-digit number.
Draw a line around 10 items and write the remaining numbers as shown in the example.
Draw a line around 10 items and write the remaining numbers as shown in the example.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|15 = <u>10</u> and <u>5</u>
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |15 = <u>10</u> and <u>5</u>
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |18 = _____ and _____
|18 = _____ and _____
|-
|-
|[[File:Number knowledge - BANANA 15 CIRCLE 10.png|frameless|250x250px]]
|[[File:Number Knowledge - BRINJAL.png|frameless|250x250px]]
|- style="height:50px; width:180px;"
|19 = _______ and _______
|19 = _______ and _______
|20 = _______ and _______
|20 = _______ and _______
|-
|-
|[[File:Number knowledge - CORN.png|frameless|250x250px]]
|[[File:BHENDI.png|frameless|250x250px]]
|- style="height:50px; width:180px;"
|13 = _______ and _______
|13 = _______ and _______
|11 = _______ and _______
|11 = _______ and _______
|-
|-
|[[File:Number knowledge - POTATO.png|frameless|250x250px]]
|[[File:Number Knowledge - Bottle gourd.png|frameless|250x250px]]
|- style="height:50px; width:180px;"
|12 = _______ and _______
|12 = _______ and _______
|14 = _______ and _______
|14 = _______ and _______
|-
|-
|47 has ______ and ______
|[[File:Number Knoweledge - LEMON.png|frameless|245x245px]]
|71 has ______ and ______
|[[File:Number Knowledge - CARROT.png|frameless|250x250px]]
|40 has ______ and ______
|}Write each number identifying the number of groups of 10s
{| class="wikitable"
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |34 has <u>30</u> and <u>4</u>
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |78 has <u>70</u> and <u>8</u>
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |91 has ______ and ______
|-
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |47 has ______ and ______
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |71 has ______ and ______
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |40 has ______ and ______
|-
|-
|63 has ______ and ______
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |63 has ______ and ______
|98 has ______ and ______
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |98 has ______ and ______
|39 has ______ and ______
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |39 has ______ and ______
|-
|-
|76 has ______ and ______
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |76 has ______ and ______
|81 has ______ and ______
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |81 has ______ and ______
|53 has ______ and ______
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |53 has ______ and ______
|-
|-
|33 has ______ and ______
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |33 has ______ and ______
|41 has ______ and ______
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |41 has ______ and ______
|59 has ______ and ______
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |59 has ______ and ______
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |Write the missing number
| colspan="3" style="height:50px; width:180px;" |Write the missing number
|-
|-
|99 has <u>90</u> and <u>9</u>
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |99 has <u>90</u> and <u>9</u>
|36 has <u>30</u> and <u>6</u>
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |36 has <u>30</u> and <u>6</u>
|85 has ______ and 5
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |85 has ______ and 5
|-
|-
|66 has 60 and ______
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |66 has 60 and ______
|______ has 20 and 8
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |______ has 20 and 8
|43 has ______ and 3
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |43 has ______ and 3
|-
|-
|______ has 20 and 4
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |______ has 20 and 4
|67 has 60 and ______
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |67 has 60 and ______
|______ has 80 and 8
| style="height:50px; width:180px;" |______ has 80 and 8
|}
|}
== Activity: Identifying and writing expanded forms ==
=== Activity: Identifying and writing expanded forms ===
Number Exercise: Writing expanded forms (75 to 120)
Number Exercise: Writing expanded forms (75 to 120)
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
How many stacks and blocks are needed for the following numbers. Find the missing spots.
How many stacks and blocks are needed for the following numbers. Find the missing spots.
|-
|- style="text-align:center"
|76
| style="height:50px; width:30px;" |76
|Seventy - six
| style="height:50px; width:80px;" |Seventy - six
|<u>Seven</u> Stacks and <u>Six</u> Blocks
| style="height:50px; width:120px;" |<u>Seven</u> Stacks and <u>Six</u> Blocks
|-
|- style="text-align:center"
|119
| style="height:50px; width:30px;" |119
|_______________
| style="height:50px; width:80px;" |
|<u>Ten</u> Stacks and <u>Nineteen</u> Blocks
| style="height:50px; width:120px;" |<u>Ten</u> Stacks and <u>Nineteen</u> Blocks
|-
|- style="text-align:center"
|
| style="height:50px; width:30px;" |
|Ninety - five
| style="height:50px; width:80px;" |Ninety - five
|________ Stacks and ________ Blocks
| style="height:50px; width:120px;" |________ Stacks and ________ Blocks
|-
|- style="text-align:center"
|110
| style="height:50px; width:30px;" |110
|One hundred ten
| style="height:50px; width:80px;" |One hundred ten
|________ Stacks and ________ Blocks
| style="height:50px; width:120px;" |________ Stacks and ________ Blocks
|-
|- style="text-align:center"
|107
| style="height:50px; width:30px;" |107
|_______________
| style="height:50px; width:80px;" |
|________ Stacks and ________ Blocks
| style="height:50px; width:120px;" |________ Stacks and ________ Blocks
|-
|- style="text-align:center"
|120
| style="height:50px; width:30px;" |120
|_______________
| style="height:50px; width:80px;" |
|________ Stacks and ________ Blocks
| style="height:50px; width:120px;" |________ Stacks and ________ Blocks
|-
|- style="text-align:center"
|
| style="height:50px; width:30px;" |
|One hundred fourteen
| style="height:50px; width:80px;" |One hundred fourteen
|________ Stacks and <u>4</u> Blocks
| style="height:50px; width:120px;" |________ Stacks and <u>4</u> Blocks
|-
|- style="text-align:center"
|87
| style="height:50px; width:30px;" |87
|_______________
| style="height:50px; width:80px;" |
|8 Stacks and ________ Blocks
| style="height:50px; width:120px;" |8 Stacks and ________ Blocks
|-
|- style="text-align:center"
|102
| style="height:50px; width:30px;" |102
|_______________
| style="height:50px; width:80px;" |
|________ Stacks and ________ Blocks
| style="height:50px; width:120px;" |________ Stacks and ________ Blocks
|-
|- style="text-align:center"
|90
| style="height:50px; width:30px;" |90
|_______________
| style="height:50px; width:80px;" |
|________ Stacks and ________ Blocks
| style="height:50px; width:120px;" |________ Stacks and ________ Blocks
|}
|}
Number Exercise: Count forward and backward 50 to 99 (by 1s, 2s, and 3s).
Number Exercise: Count forward and backward 50 to 99 (by 1s, 2s, and 3s).
Count forward by 1 and colour that flower yellow. Count backward by 2 and colour that flower red. Write all the numbers in the line given below.
Count forward by 1 and colour that flower yellow. Count backward by 2 and colour that flower red. Write all the numbers in the circles given below.
[[File:Number knowledge - Sunflower connect the dots (E).png|frameless|704x704px]]
[[File:Number knowledge - Lotus flowers and circles with numbers.png|frameless|636x636px]]
Count by 5 and colour that box red. Count by 10 and colour that box yellow.
Count by 5 and colour that box red. Count by 10 and colour that box yellow.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
{| class="wikitable" style="margin-left: 100px; margin-right:auto; text-align:center;"
| style="height:40px; width:40px; background-color:#ff0000;" |5
| style="height:35px; width:35px; background-color:#ff6347;" |5
| style="height:40px; width:40px; background-color:#ffffcc;" |10
| style="height:35px; width:35px; background-color:#fafad2;" |10
| style="height:40px; width:40px; background-color:#ff0000;" |15
| style="height:35px; width:35px; background-color:#ff6347;" |15
| style="height:40px; width:40px; background-color:#ffffcc;" |20
| style="height:35px; width:35px; background-color:#fafad2;" |20
| style="height:40px; width:40px; background-color:#ff0000;" |25
| style="height:35px; width:35px; background-color:#ff6347;" |25
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |30
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |30
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |35
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |35
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |40
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |40
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |45
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |45
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |50
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |50
|-
|-
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |23
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |23
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |28
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |28
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |33
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |33
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |38
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |38
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |43
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |43
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |48
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |48
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |53
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |53
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |58
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |58
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |63
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |63
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |68
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |68
|-
|-
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |36
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |36
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |41
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |41
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |46
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |46
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |51
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |51
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |56
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |56
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |61
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |61
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |66
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |66
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |71
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |71
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |76
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |76
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |81
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |81
|-
|-
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |17
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |17
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |22
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |22
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |27
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |27
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |32
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |32
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |37
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |37
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |42
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |42
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |47
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |47
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |52
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |52
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |57
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |57
| style="height:40px; width:40px;" |62
| style="height:35px; width:35px;" |62
|}
|}
Count by 3 and circle the numbers starting from 1. Join the circled numbers. Colour the picture yellow.
[[File:Number knowledge - Sunflower connect the dots (E).png|frameless|704x704px]]
== Activity: How many of a Total ==
== Activity: How many of a Total ==
Latha replied that they grew vegetables in their backyard and had grown many brinjal plants.
Latha replied that they grew vegetables in their backyard and had grown many brinjal plants.
[[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]]
[[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]]
She had _______________ brinjals. The teacher then asked her to place one brinjal each into two heaps. She placed the brinjals in the following manner.
She had _______________ brinjals. The teacher then asked her to place one brinjal each into two heaps. She placed the brinjals in the following manner.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|[[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]]
|[[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]]
|[[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]]
|[[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]]
|-
|-
|[[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]]
|[[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]]
|[[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|52x52px]]
|[[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Brinjal.png|frameless|35x35px]]
|-
|-
|Count and write how many brinjals are present _________.
|Count and write how many brinjals are present _________.
'''25'''
'''25'''
|}
|}
=== Activity: Bees and Butterflies ===
Number Exercise: Counting by 2 for even and odd numbers.
Draw a line to lead the butterfly forwards by two flowers. Write the number and colour that flower yellow. Draw a line to lead the bee backwards by two flowers. Write the number and colour that flower orange.
[[File:Number knowledge- Butterfly bees and flowers.png|frameless|675x675px]]
== Comparing Numbers ==
== Comparing Numbers ==
Write the comparison sign between two numbers. Remember the following
Write the comparison sign between two numbers. Remember the following
{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-left:100px;"
{| class="wikitable" style="float:center; margin-left:100px;"
|Greater than
|Greater than
|Less than
|Less than
|Equal to
|Equal to
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |[[File:Number knowledge - Symbols.png|frameless|450x450px]]
| colspan="3" |[[File:Number knowledge - Symbols.png|frameless|375x375px]]
|}
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="margin-left:0px; margin-right:auto;"
| style="height:30px; width:80px; text-align:left;" |'''Number'''
{| class="wikitable"
| style="height:30px; width:125px; text-align:left;" |'''Write the sign'''
| style="height:30px; width:60px; text-align:left;" |'''Number'''
| style="height:30px; width:80px; text-align:left;" |'''Number'''
| style="height:30px; width:120px; text-align:left;" |'''Write the sign'''
| style="height:30px; width:60px; text-align:left;" |'''Number'''
| style="height:30px; width:60px; text-align:left;" |'''Number'''
| style="height:30px; width:120px; text-align:left;" |'''Write the sign'''
| style="height:30px; width:60px; text-align:left;" |'''Number'''
|- style="background-color:#fff0f5;"
|- style="background-color:#fff0f5;"
| style="text-align:center;" |'''28'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''28'''
|
|
| style="text-align:center;" |'''39'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''39'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''45'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''45'''
|
|
| style="text-align:center;" |'''8'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''8'''
|- style="background-color:#fff0f5;"
|-
| style="text-align:center;" |'''14'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''14'''
|
|
| style="text-align:center;" |'''14'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''14'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''19'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''19'''
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:center;" |'''100'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''100'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''62'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''62'''
|
|
| style="text-align:center;" |'''62'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''62'''
|- style="background-color:#fff0f5;"
|-
| style="text-align:center;" |'''10'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''10'''
|
|
| style="text-align:center;" |'''99'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''99'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''53'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''53'''
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:center;" |'''5'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''5'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''33'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''33'''
|
|
| style="text-align:center;" |'''35'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''35'''
|- style="background-color:#fff0f5;"
|-
| style="text-align:center;" |'''25'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''25'''
|
|
| style="text-align:center;" |'''0'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''0'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''91'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''91'''
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:center;" |'''89'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''89'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''69'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''69'''
|
|
| style="text-align:center;" |'''59'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''59'''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" |'''22'''
|
| style="text-align:center;" |'''7'''
| style="text-align:center;" |'''44'''
|
| style="text-align:center;" |'''22'''
|}
Find the missing numbers. An example is given in each section of the table.
{| class="wikitable" style="float: right; margin-left: 10px; text-align:center;"
!Number
!Numbers in between
!Number
|- style="height:40px; width:50px;"
|43
| style="background-color:#32cd32;" |44 45
|46
|- style="height:40px; width:50px;"
|108
|
|112
|- style="height:40px; width:50px;"
|87
|
|91
|- style="height:40px; width:50px;"
|
|20 21 22
|
|- style="height:40px; width:50px;"
|
|53 54
|
|- style="height:40px; width:50px;"
|
|1 2 3
|
|- style="height:40px; width:50px;"
|
|99 100 101
|
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
!2 Less
!Number
!2 More
!5 Less
!Number
!5 More
|-
| style="height:40px; width:45px; background-color:#32cd32;" |27
| style="height:40px; width:45px; |29
| style="height:40px; width:45px; background-color:#32cd32;" |31
| style="height:40px; width:45px; background-color:#32cd32;" |80
| style="height:40px; width:45px; |85
| style="height:40px; width:45px; background-color:#32cd32;" |90
|-
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |78
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |120
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |
|-
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |103
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |105
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |
|-
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |46
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |70
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |
|-
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |55
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |114
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |
|-
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |117
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |97
| style="height:40px; width:45px;" |
|}
== Number-line ==
[[File:Number knowledge - numberline example.png|right|frameless|362x362px]]
We can write whole numbers (and other kinds of numbers) on a horizontal straight line with numbers placed at equal intervals along its length infinitely extending on both sides. The numbers increase as we move from left to right and decrease as we move towards the right side. A number line can be made with numbers with a pattern, for example, a series of numbers differing by 3 can be written on the number line. It helps us compare numbers visually.
We can see that the numbers are increasing by 1 as we go along the number line.
=== Activity: Krishna Leela ===
Number Exercise: Introduction to number-line. Use a number line (visual of skip counting by 3) to mark the events.
A. Krishna was taken to Nanda's house in Gokula as soon as he was born. (represented as red dot on the number line)
B. When he was less than a month old, Putana the rakshasi, tried to poison him. (represented as red dot on the number line)
C. About the time of his first birthday, Krishna was carried up by Trinavarta, an other rakshasa.
D. Krishna was about five years old when he released Nalakubara and Manigriva from a curse. [[File:Krishna and govardhan mountain.jpg|right|frameless]]E. He was seven years old when he lifted the Govardhana mountain to protect the people of Brindavan from the wrath of Indra.
[[File:Krishna and kalindi.jpeg|left|frameless|485x485px]]
F. At nine years of age Krishna danced on the hood of Kaliya, the snake.
G. At the age of eleven he killed Kamsa and had the upanayana samskara.
H. By the age of twenty, he destroyed Jarasandha's army and Kalayavana asura.
I. Krishna brought back the Syamantaka mani and married Satyabhama at the age of thirty years.
On the number line place a red point noting each age of Krishna's activities and answer the questions given below. Note that 0, 3 up to 30 (skip count by 3) are given on the number line.
[[File:Number knowledge - Number line krishna leela.png|frameless|604x604px]]
# How many events took place before the age of 5? _________________
# How many events took place between the age of 10 and 20 years? _________________
# How many events took place between the age of 20 and 30 years? _________________
== Word Numerals - Ancient Indian System of Representing Numbers ==
Till now we have seen that numbers have
* written symbols called as Anka
* arrangement method which is called as Decimal Place system
* value of numbers
* position
Now, in the early centuries in India, as mathematical system was evolving, our scholars developed a method of expressing numbers as words. They came up with Sankhya samjna (सङ्ख्यासंज्ञा), as mentioned in Ganitasaarasangraha<ref>Rangacharya, M. (1912) ''[https://archive.org/details/RangacaryaTheGanitaSaraSangrahaOfMahavira1912 Ganita-Sara-Sangraha of Mahaviracharya with English translation and notes. Madras: Government Press]'' (Pages 6 and 7 from अथ सङ्ख्यासंज्ञा Shloka 53 to 62)</ref> or "word numerals". They arranged them just as we see in the place-value notation.
These '''word numerals''' are expressed by names of things, beings or concepts, naturally or in accordance with the terms in Shastras. Thus, the number “'''one”''' is expressed by anything that is markedly unique such as the moon, earth etc and zero is expressed by words meaning sky, empty, complete etc. This system of representing numbers using words is called Bhutasankhya system. The word “Bhutasankhya” is a compound word. It is made up of the words bhuta and sankhya.
[[File:Number knowledge - planets.jpg|right|frameless|251x251px]]
# Bhuta means ‘a being’
# Samkhya means ‘a number’
In the Bhutasankhya system, numbers are represented using common words such as:
# The physical bodies such as earth, moon (1), planets (9), stars, oceans, mountain, fire, sky, directions etc.
# The parts of a human body such as eyes, ears (2), jaws, knees, hands, fingers, teeth etc.
#The animals such as serpents, horse, elephants etc.
#The names of the devatas, such as Shiva, Indra, Surya and sometimes historical persons such as Manu, Rama (3) etc. [[File:Number knowledge - Balram.png|frameless|172x172px]] [[File:Number knowledge - Parashuram.png|frameless|160x160px]]
[[File:Number knowledge - Brahma.gif|right|frameless|179x179px]]
Thus, the Bhutasamkhya refers to the collection of set of ‘things’ denoted by that number. Our ancient mathematicians used these terms in their shlokas to mention the number they had in mind. Some numbers have multiple representations, such as
* Four 4 – Brahma (Chaturmukha) and Vedas (Chaturveda)
* 2 – Eyes, Ears, Twins, Shoulders
* 3 –
* 6 –
* 8 –
* 9 –
=== Bhutasankhya System of representing number ===
{| class="wikitable"
|Numbers
|Word Form
|Word Numeral
|Images
|-
|१
|एकम्
|Akasha (आकाश्)
|[[File:Number knowledge - sky.jpg|frameless|100x100px]]
|-
|२
|द्वे
|Netra (नेत्र)
|[[File:Number knowledge - Eyes.png|frameless|99x99px]]
|-
|३
|त्रीणि
|Hara (हरः)
|[[File:Number knowledge - Shiva graphic.png|frameless|101x101px]]
|-
|४
|चत्वारि
|Vedas (वेदः)
|[[File:Number knowledge - Vedas.PNG|frameless|100x100px]]
|-
|५
|पञ्च
|Indriyas (इन्द्रियम्)
|[[File:Number knowledge - Pancha Indriyas.png|frameless|100x100px]]
|-
|६
|षट्
|Kartikeya (Six faces) (कार्तिकेयः)
|[[File:Number knowledge - Kartikeya.jpg|frameless|109x109px]]
|-
|७
|सप्त
|Ashva (Horses of Surya’s Chariot) अश्वाः
|[[File:Number knowledge - Sun's chariot.jpg|frameless|107x107px]]
|-
|८
|अष्ट
|Dik (Directions) (दिक्)
|[[File:Number knowledge - 8 DIRECTIONS (E).png|frameless|99x99px]]
|-
|९
|नव
|Ratnas (Gems) (रत्नानि)
|[[File:Number knowledge - Ratnas.jpg|frameless|100x100px]]
|-
|१०
|दश
|Ravana (रावणः)
|[[File:Number knowledge - Ravana.png|frameless|95x95px]]
|}
=== Activity: Representation of numbers using words ===
Number Exercise: Identify the number given in the Bhutasankhya (word numerals)
{| class="wikitable"
|'''Bhutasankhya'''
| colspan="4" |'''Circle one number to indicate the Bhutasankhya'''
|-
|Puranas
|23
|45
|18
|89
|-
|Masas (months)
|33
|12
|10
|64
|-
|Bhuvanas (worlds)
|10
|4
|14
|33
|-
|Rishis
|7
|34
|17
|54
|-
|Kalas (arts)
|46
|39
|14
|64
|-
|Vasus (a kind of devatas)
|18
|44
|8
|20
|-
|Vidyas
|10
|14
|56
|72
|-
|Bhutas (beings)
|15
|24
|5
|99
|-
|Ratnas (gems)
|19
|9
|49
|66
|-
|Adityas
|12
|34
|22
|10
|-
|Manus (a ruler of earth)
|14
|52
|100
|74
|-
|Chandra Kalas (moon’s phases)
|10
|26
|56
|16
|-
|Number of Devatas
|33
|66
|49
|30
|-
|Adri or Achala (mountains)
|10
|7
|14
|64
|-
|Bhujas (shoulders)
|90
|2
|100
|53
|-
|Danta (teeth)
|10
|24
|32
|30
|-
|Visvedevas (a kind of devatas)
|13
|16
|39
|22
|-
|Saagara (oceans)
|10
|37
|4
|7
|}
[[File:Number knowledge - pandavas.jpg|right|frameless|251x251px]]
Match the following
{| class="wikitable"
|
* Pandavas
* Asvini devatas
* Grahas
* Nakshatras
* Kauravas
* Brahma
* Ravana
* Shiva
|
# दश
# पञ्च
# चत्वारि
# शतम्
# द्वे
# त्रीणि
# सप्तविंशतिः
# नव
|}
== Activities and Exercises ==
# Make a board or draw on ground numbers 1 to 30 in squares. The teacher calls out an odd and even number which should be located on the ground by the children for that many rubberbands. [[File:Number knowledge - Bhutasankhya clock.png|right|frameless]]
# Every child collects 109 number of items like toothpicks, match sticks, icecream spoons (long and short wooden), small spent pencils etc. Every child must make bundles of 10 of these using rubberbands. After making 10 bundles 9 will be kept loose. Show your number work using these bundles. 4 bundles and 3 loose toothpicks make 43 .... and so... on.
# Make your own clock using the Bhutasankhya numbers you learnt.
Find the even or odd numbers between the two numbers given
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
!Number
!Even numbers
!Number
!Number
!Odd number
!Number
|-
|47
| style="background-color:#32cd32;" |48
|50
|18
| style="background-color:#32cd32;" |19 21
|23
|-
|11
| style="background-color:#32cd32;" |12 14
|15
|37
|
|42
|-
|13
|
|19
|23
|
|29
|-
|31
|
|36
|25
|
|31
|-
|17
|
|22
|42
|
|48
|-
|39
|
|45
|11
|
|14
|-
|29
|
|33
|32
|
|36
|}
Identify and write the Bhutasankhya between two numbers given below
{| class="wikitable"
!Number
!Bhutasankhya
!Number
|-
|9
| style="background-color:#32cd32;" |Dashanana or Ravana
|11
|-
|31
|
|33
|-
|63
|
|65
|-
|26
|
|28
|}
Compare the numbers and write less than or more than or equal to symbols.
{| class="wikitable"
! style="height:50px; width:120px; text-align:left;" |Bhutasankhya
! style="height:50px; width:120px; text-align:left;" |Write the symbols
! style="height:50px; width:120px; text-align:left;" |Bhutasankhya
|- style="background-color:#fff0f5;"
|- style="background-color:#fff0f5;"
| style="text-align:center;" |'''28'''
|Chandra
|
|Shiva
|-
|Kalas (Arts)
|
|Dantas
|- style="background-color:#fff0f5;"
|Giri (mountains)
|
|Svaras (music)
|-
|Kartikeya
|
|Vedas
|- style="background-color:#fff0f5;"
|Rishis
|
|Sagaras
|-
|Vidyas
|
|Puranas
|- style="background-color:#fff0f5;"
|Aditya
|
|Masas
|}
=== Practice writing numbers in Samskrit and English ===
==== Cardinal and Ordinal Number Chart (1 to 50) ====
See and learn to write numbers in Samskrit. Fill the charts with numbers in English (cardinal and ordinal)
{| class="wikitable"
!Numbers
!Word Forms
!Position
!Numbers
!Word Forms
!Position
|-
|१
|एकम्
|प्रथम
|26
|
|
|-
|२
|द्वे
|द्वितीय
|
|
|
|-
|३
|त्रीणि
|तृतीय
|
|
|
|-
|४
|चत्वारि
|चतुर्थ
|
|
|
|-
|५
|पञ्च
|पञ्चम
|
|
|
|-
|६
|षट्
|षष्ट
|
|
|
|-
|७
|सप्त
|सप्तम
|
|
|
|-
|८
|अष्ट
|अष्टम
|
|
|
|-
|९
|नव
|नवम
|
|
|
|-
|१०
|दश
|दशम
|
|
|
|-
|११
|एकादश
|एकादशतम
|
|
|
|-
|१२
|द्वादश
|द्वादशतम
|
|
|
|-
|१३
|त्रयोदश
|त्रयोदशतम
|
|
|
|-
|१४
|चतुर्दश
|चतुर्दशतम
|
|
|
|-
|१५
|पञ्चदश
|पञ्चदशतम
|
|
|
|-
|१६
|षोडश
|षोडशतम
|
|
|
|-
|१७
|सप्तदश
|सप्तदशतम
|
|
|
|-
|१८
|अष्टादश
|अष्टादशतम
|
|
|
|-
|१९
|नवदश
|नवदशतम
|
|
|
|-
|२०
|विंशतिः
|विंशतितम
|
|
|
|-
|२१
|एकविंशतिः
|एकविंशतितम
|
|
|
|-
|२२
|द्वाविंशतिः
|द्वाविंशतितम
|
|
|
|-
|२३
|त्रयोविंशतिः
|त्रयोविंशतितम
|
|
|
|-
|२४
|चतुर्विंशतिः
|चतुर्विंशतितम
|
|
|
|-
|२५
|पञ्चविंशतिः
|पञ्चविंशतितम
|50
|
|
|}
==== Cardinal and Ordinal Number Chart (51 to 70) ====
{| class="wikitable" style=""
|Numbers
| style="height:50px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Word Forms
| style="height:50px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Position
|- style="height:50px;"
|51
|
|
|- style="height:50px;"
|
|
|
|- style="height:50px;"
|
|
|
|- style="height:50px;"
|
|
|
|- style="height:50px;"
|
|
|
|- style="height:50px;"
|
|
|
|- style="height:50px;"
|
|
|
|- style="height:50px;"
|
|
|
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|- style="height:50px;"
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|- style="height:50px;"
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|- style="height:50px;"
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|- style="height:50px;"
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|- style="height:50px;"
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==== Practice writing numbers in Samskrit ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
| style="height:80px; width: 100px;" |[[File:Number knowledge - Sanskrit Number 6.PNG|frameless]]
| style="height:80px; width: 100px;" |[[File:Number knowledge - Sanskrit Number 6.PNG|frameless]]
| style="height:80px; width: 100px;" |
| style="height:80px; width: 100px;" |
| style="height:80px; width: 100px;" |
| style="height:80px; width: 100px;" |
|- style="height:80px; width: 100px;"
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|- style="height:80px; width: 100px;"
|[[File:Number knowledge - Sanskrit Number 7.PNG|frameless]]
|[[File:Number knowledge - Sanskrit Number 7.PNG|frameless|76x76px]]
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|- style="height:80px; width: 100px;"
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|- style="height:80px; width: 100px;"
|[[File:Number knowledge - Sanskrit Number 8.PNG|frameless]]
|[[File:Number knowledge - Sanskrit Number 8.PNG|frameless]]
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|- style="height:80px; width: 100px;"
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|- style="height:80px; width: 100px;"
|[[File:Number knowledge - Sanskrit Number 9.PNG|frameless]]
|[[File:Number knowledge - Sanskrit Number 9.PNG|frameless]]
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|- style="height:80px; width: 100px;"
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|- style="height:80px; width: 100px;"
|[[File:Number knowledge - Sanskrit Number 10.PNG|frameless]]
|[[File:Number knowledge - Sanskrit Number 10.PNG|frameless]]
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|- style="height:80px; width: 100px;"
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|}
== References ==
== References ==
[[Category:Education Series]]
[[Category:Education Series]]
<references />