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Literal Meaning: That you are

Literal Meaning: That you are

This Mahavakya occurs in the [[Chaandogya Upanishad (छान्दोग्य उपनिषद्)|Chaandogya Upanishad.]] Sage Uddalaka mentions this nine times, while instructing his disciple Svetaketu in the nature of reality. That which is one alone without a second, without name and form, and which existed before creation as well as after creation, as pure Existence alone, is what is referred to as ''Tat'' or That. The term ''tvam'' stands for that which is transcendent to the intellect, mind, senses etc., and is the real 'I' of the student addressed in the teaching. The union of ''Tat'' and ''tvam'' is by the term a''si'' , which means are. That Reality is remote is a misconception, which is removed by the instruction that it is within one's own self. The thh.at:ar within one's own self. he erroneous notion that the Self is limited is dispelle by'tthis instruction that it is the sane -ne as Reality

This Mahavakya occurs in the [[Chaandogya Upanishad (छान्दोग्य उपनिषद्)|Chaandogya Upanishad.]] Sage Uddalaka mentions this nine times, while instructing his disciple Svetaketu in the nature of reality. That which is one alone without a second, without name and form, and which existed before creation as well as after creation, as pure Existence alone, is what is referred to as ''Tat'' or That. The term ''tvam'' stands for that which is transcendent to the intellect, mind, senses etc., and is the real 'I' of the student addressed in the teaching. The union of ''Tat'' and ''tvam'' is by the term a''si'' , which means are. That Reality is remote is a misconception, which is removed by the instruction that it is within one's own self. The erroneous notion that the Self is limited is dispelled by the instruction that it is the same as Reality.<ref name=":0" />

Though there are many Mahavakyas, four of them, one from each of the four [[Vedas]], are often mentioned as "the Mahavakyas".{{sfn|Saraswati|1995|p=4}} According to the Vedanta-tradition, the subject matter and the essence of all Upanishads is the same, and all the Upanishadic Mahavakyas express this one universal message in the form of terse and concise statements.{{citation needed|date=March 2013}} In later Sanskrit usage, the term ''mahāvākya'' came to mean "discourse", and specifically, discourse on a philosophically lofty topic.<ref group="web">[http://www.lisindia.net/Sanskrit/Sanskrit_struct.html Sanskrit Structure]</ref>

=== Sarvam khalvidam Brahma (सर्वं खल्विदं ब्रह्म)<ref name=":0" /> ===

''(''[[Chaandogya Upanishad (छान्दोग्य उपनिषद्)|Chaandogya Upanishad]], 3:14:1, [[Samaveda (सामवेद)|Samaveda]])

According to the [[Advaita Vedanta]] tradition the four  Upanishadic statements indicate the ultimate [[unio mystica|unity]] of the individual ([[Atman (Hinduism)|Atman]]) with Supreme ([[Brahman]]).{{citation needed|date=March 2013}}

is is tt, Brahman. Sarvam khalu idam Brahma' =

 

Everything is Brahman. The entire universe i, 't Divine, which includes our

The Mahavakyas are:

self. The Divine is not only the consciousness principle in'ytne and I, it is

#'''prajñānam brahma''' - "Prajñāna{{refn|group=note|"Consciousness",{{sfn|Grimes|1996|p=234}}<ref group=web name="Jiddu">[http://www.jiddu-krishnamurti.net/en/1969/1969-07-26-jiddu-krishnamurti-can-one-experience-the-infinite Jiddu Krishnamurti, ''Saanen 2nd Conversation with Swami Venkatesananda 26th July 1969'']</ref> "intelligence",{{sfn|Sivaraman|1973|p=146}}{{sfn|Braue|1984|p=80}} "wisdom"<ref group=web name="Encyclopedy" />}} is Brahman"{{refn|group=note|"The Absolute",{{sfn|Grimes|1996|p=234}}<ref group=web name="Jiddu" /> "infinite",<ref group=web name="Jiddu" /> "the Highest truth"<ref group=web name="Jiddu" />}}, or "Brahman is [[Prajna (Vedic)|Prajñāna]]"<ref group=web name="Encyclopedy">[http://hinduism.enacademic.com/479/mahavakyas Encyclopedy of Hinduism, ''Mahavakyas'']</ref> ([[Aitareya Upanishad]] 3.3 of the [[Rig Veda]])

also the being principle in all things. It is the ultimate object as well as

#'''ayam ātmā brahma''' - "This Self (Atman) is Brahman" ([[Mandukya Upanishad]] 1.2 of the [[Atharva Veda]])

the in nio°11 subject in all beings. It is one and all and all in one. This

#'''[[Tat Tvam Asi|tat tvam asi]]''' - "Thou art That" ([[Chandogya Upanishad]] 6.8.7 of the [[Sama Veda]])

statement is to be understood in tiist. most concrete sense. When I am talking

#'''[[Aham Brahman Asmi|aham brahmāsmi]]''' - "I am Brahman", or "I am Divine"{{sfn|Baue|1984|p=80}} ([[Brihadaranyaka Upanishad]] 1.4.10 of the [[Yajur Veda]])

to a person, be it a friend or foe or stranger, 1 shou'llr believe that s/he is

 

Brahman Itself who has put on that particular garb or form which appead to be

People who are initiated into [[sannyasa]] in [[Advaita Vedanta]] are being taught the four [principal] mahavakyas as four mantras, "to attain this highest of states in which the individual self dissolves inseparably in [[Brahman]]".<ref>[http://www.kamakoti.org/hindudharma/part5/chap30.htm kamakoti.org, ''The Upanisads'']</ref>

handle thrs his students to describe God. He states "The Divine is not

this and it is not that" ( . ' I meeting. It does not mean that we should

anything". All that is required is that we should handle the meeting with

awareness.

===Other Mahavakyas===

===Other Mahavakyas===

* "Consciousness"{{sfn|Grimes|1996|p=234}}<ref group=web name="Jiddu" />

* "Consciousness"{{sfn|Grimes|1996|p=234}}<ref group=web name="Jiddu" />

* "Intelligence"{{sfn|Sivaraman|1973|p=146}}{{sfn|Braue|1984|p=80}}

* "Intelligence"{{sfn|Sivaraman|1973|p=146}}{{sfn|Braue|1984|p=80}}

* "Wisdom"<ref group=web name="Encyclopedy" />

* "Wisdom"<ref group="web" name="Encyclopedy">[http://hinduism.enacademic.com/479/mahavakyas Encyclopedy of Hinduism, ''Mahavakyas'']</ref>

Related terms are ''[[jnana|jñāna]]'', ''prajñā'' and ''prajñam'', "pure consciousness".{{sfn|Raṅganāthānanda|1991|p=109}} Although the common translation of ''jñānam''{{sfn|Raṅganāthānanda|1991|p=109}} is "consciousness", the term has a broader meaning of "knowing"; "becoming acquainted with",<ref group=web name="SDjnanam">[http://spokensanskrit.de/index.php?script=HK&beginning=0+&tinput=+jnanam&trans=Translate&direction=AU Sanskrit Dictionary, ''jnanam'']</ref> "knowledge about anything",<ref group=web name="SDjnanam" /> "awareness",<ref group=web name="SDjnanam" /> "higher knowledge".<ref group=web name="SDjnanam" />

Related terms are ''[[jnana|jñāna]]'', ''prajñā'' and ''prajñam'', "pure consciousness".{{sfn|Raṅganāthānanda|1991|p=109}} Although the common translation of ''jñānam''{{sfn|Raṅganāthānanda|1991|p=109}} is "consciousness", the term has a broader meaning of "knowing"; "becoming acquainted with",<ref group=web name="SDjnanam">[http://spokensanskrit.de/index.php?script=HK&beginning=0+&tinput=+jnanam&trans=Translate&direction=AU Sanskrit Dictionary, ''jnanam'']</ref> "knowledge about anything",<ref group=web name="SDjnanam" /> "awareness",<ref group=web name="SDjnanam" /> "higher knowledge".<ref group=web name="SDjnanam" />