Changes

== कालमापनयन्त्राणि ॥ Instruments to measure time ==

== कालमापनयन्त्राणि ॥ Instruments to measure time ==

[[File:Ghatika Yantra.png|thumb|455x455px|Ghatika Yantra Creative Presentation]]

[[File:Ghatika Yantra.png|thumb|455x455px|'''Ghati Yantra Creative Model''']]

Again our ancients had different systems to measure time, distance, weights and numbers which are discussed under the heading [[Standards of Measurement (मापनमानदण्ड:)]]. Although the earlier texts do not describe many instruments of keeping time (except instruments such as Aadhaka mentioned in Vedanga Jyotisha), in the later day many astronomers such as Aryabhata, Bhaskaracharya, Ganesha Daivajna used different instruments to measure time. Some of them include  

Again our ancients had different systems to measure time, distance, weights and numbers which are discussed under the heading [[Standards of Measurement (मापनमानदण्ड:)]]. Although the earlier texts do not describe many instruments of keeping time (except instruments such as Aadhaka mentioned in Vedanga Jyotisha), in the later day many astronomers such as Aryabhata, Bhaskaracharya, Ganesha Daivajna used different instruments to measure time. Some of them include

* गोलयन्त्रम् ॥ Spherical instrument

* गोलयन्त्रम् ॥ Spherical instrument

* तुर्ययन्त्रम् ॥ Quarter circle instrument  

* तुर्ययन्त्रम् ॥ Quarter circle instrument  

* जलत्नलिकायन्त्रम् ॥ Star positioning instrument

* जलत्नलिकायन्त्रम् ॥ Star positioning instrument

* पीठयन्त्रम् ॥ Peetha Yantra

* पीठयन्त्रम् ॥ Peetha Yantra

Astrolabes were used to know the position of stars and also calculate time in more recent years. An example of Ghatika Yantra is given below as per Siddhanta Shiromani<blockquote>घटदलरूपा घटिता घटिका ताम्री तले पृथुच्छिद्रा।  द्युनिशनिमज्जनमित्या भक्तं द्युनिशं घटीमानम्॥ सि. शि. यन्त्र.८ (Sidd. Shir. Yant. 8)</blockquote>

Astrolabes were used to know the position of stars and also calculate time in more recent years. Siddhanta Shiromani by Bhaskaracharya II extensively describes the construction of yantras for various purposes. The construction of Gola (Sidd. Shir. Yant. 3 and 4) and Ghati Yantras are given in Siddhanta Shiromani in the following sloka as an example<blockquote>घटदलरूपा घटिता घटिका ताम्री तले पृथुच्छिद्रा।  द्युनिशनिमज्जनमित्या भक्तं द्युनिशं घटीमानम्॥ सि. शि. यन्त्र.८ (Sidd. Shir. Yant. 8)</blockquote>

== कालस्य ईश्वररूपम् ॥ Kala's Ishvaraswarupa ==

== कालस्य ईश्वररूपम् ॥ Kala's Ishvaraswarupa ==