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Line 22: − + − [[Sayanacharya (सायनाचार्यः)|Sayanaacharya]] in '''Saayanabhashyam''' while defining Surya, explains:<blockquote>sushtu aryaha swami sarvantharaymi thaya sushtu prerakaha (Ref?)</blockquote>Meaning : The best of the masters, sarvatharayami (one who dwells everywhere), the best inspirer- such paramatma is compared to Surya. + − Yaska maharshi explains in '''Nirukthi'''+ − − स्वीर्यतेः वा । − सुवतेः वा । − सूर्यः सर्तेः वा ।<blockquote>suryaha sathirva suthirva suryathe va (Ref?)</blockquote>Meaning : Surya is One who travels, one who creates and one who inspires. − −
→व्युत्पत्तिः|| Etymology
* '''नवग्रहाधिपतिः || Navagraha Adhipati''' : Surya receives a prominent position among devatas and he is the first among the Navagrahas. Ravi or Surya is the adhipati (leader) of the navagrahas and associated with the precious stone 'ruby'.
* '''नवग्रहाधिपतिः || Navagraha Adhipati''' : Surya receives a prominent position among devatas and he is the first among the Navagrahas. Ravi or Surya is the adhipati (leader) of the navagrahas and associated with the precious stone 'ruby'.
* '''पञ्चलोकपालकः || Panchaloka Palaka''' : Ganapati, Surya, Vishnu, Durga/Devi, And Shiva form the panchalokapalakas who are the deities worshiped in the altars of householders according to some prominent traditions (panchayatana puja) of Sanatana Dharma.
* '''पञ्चलोकपालकः || Panchaloka Palaka''' : Ganapati, Surya, Vishnu, Durga/Devi, And Shiva form the panchalokapalakas who are the deities worshiped in the altars of householders according to some prominent traditions (panchayatana puja) of Sanatana Dharma.
* '''पुराणपुरुषः || Purana Purusha''' : Innumerable instances of Surya are seen in Puranas (Bhavisya Purana was told by Surya to Manu), Ramayana (Lord of Ikshwaku dynasty, Father of Sugriva, Guru of [[Hanuman]]) and Mahabharata (as the father of Karna, Bestower of Akshayapatra to Yudhisthira). He was worshiped and pleased by Yagnavalkya, to whom he gave the Yajurveda knowledge thus Vajasaneya (Shukla) Shaka of Yajurveda came into existence.
* '''पुराणपुरुषः || Purana Purusha''' : Innumerable instances of Surya are seen in Puranas (Bhavisya Purana was told by Surya to Manu), Ramayana (Mulapurusha of Ikshwaku dynasty, Father of Sugriva, Guru of [[Hanuman]]) and Mahabharata (as the father of Karna, Bestower of Akshayapatra to Yudhisthira).
* Vajasaneya Shaka : He was worshiped and pleased by Yagnavalkya, to whom he gave the Yajurveda knowledge thus Vajasaneya (Shukla) Shaka of Yajurveda came into existence.
* '''सूर्यलोकः || Surya Loka''' : He offers shelter to about 60,0000 Valakhilyas who surround and meditate upon the Surya Paramatma, in Surya mandala or Loka.
* '''सूर्यलोकः || Surya Loka''' : He offers shelter to about 60,0000 Valakhilyas who surround and meditate upon the Surya Paramatma, in Surya mandala or Loka.
* '''ज्योतिष्यांशः|| Jyotisha aspects''' : The Brhdaranyaka, Chandogya and Kausitaki Upanishads expound the Atmatattva of Surya and path for the realization of the soul. Surya is the Atmakaraka according to Jyotishashastra and represents the power of sight, right eye and illnesses associated with it. Surya Siddhatanta, is an authoritative text on astronomy and calculations of time prescribed in the field of Jyotisha (Vedanga) of the Vedic period.
* '''ज्योतिष्यांशः|| Jyotisha aspects''' : The Brhdaranyaka, Chandogya and Kausitaki Upanishads expound the Atmatattva of Surya and path for the realization of the soul. Surya is the Atmakaraka according to Jyotishashastra and represents the power of sight, right eye and illnesses associated with it. Surya Siddhatanta, is an authoritative text on astronomy and calculations of time prescribed in the field of Jyotisha (Vedanga) of the Vedic period.
* '''सूर्यरश्मयः ||Surya rashmi''' : The characteristic seven rays of the Suryarashmi (sun rays) and their importance in sustaining life forms.(Kurma Purana, Purvabhaga, Adhyaya 43)<ref>Kurmapurana ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D-%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%83/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%BD%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83 Purvabhaga Adhyaya 43])</ref>
* '''सूर्यरश्मयः ||Surya rashmi''' : The characteristic seven rays of the Suryarashmi (sun rays) and their importance in sustaining life forms.(Kurma Purana, Purvabhaga, Adhyaya 43)<ref>Kurmapurana ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D-%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%83/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%BD%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83 Purvabhaga Adhyaya 43])</ref>
== व्युत्पत्तिः|| Etymology ==
== व्युत्पत्तिः|| Etymology ==
'''[[Amarakosha]]''' defines the following about Surya in व्योमादिवर्ग (Prathama kanda Slokas 29 - 32, Page No 29 of Reference <ref>[http://www.sanskritebooks.org/2009/07/amara-kosa-the-sanskrit-thesaurus-with-notes-index/ Amarakosha]</ref>) <blockquote>सूरसुर्यार्यमादित्यद्वादशात्मदिवाकराः । भास्कराहस्करव्रध्नप्रभाकरदिवाकराः || (Amara 1. व्योमा. 29)</blockquote><blockquote>भास्वद्विस्वत्सप्ताश्वहरिदश्वोष्णरश्मयः । विकर्तनार्कमार्तण्डमिहिरारुणपूषणः || (Amara 1. व्योमा. 30)</blockquote><blockquote>द्युमणिस्तरणिर्मित्रस्चित्रभानुर्विरोचनः । विभावसुर्ग्रहपतिस्त्विषांपतिरहर्पतिः || (Amara 1. व्योमा. 31)</blockquote><blockquote>भानुर्हंसः सहस्रांशुस्तपनः सविता रविः । माठरः पिङ्लो दण्डश्चण्डांशोः पारिपार्श्विकाः || (Amara 1. व्योमा. 32)</blockquote>Synonyms for Surya include Soora, Surya, Yama, Aditya, Dwadashatma, Divakara, Bhaskara, Ahaskara, Martanda, Aruna, Pushana, Tarani, Mitra, Chitrabhanu, Tapana and many others as given above.
'''[[Amarakosha]]''' defines the following about Surya in व्योमादिवर्ग (Prathama kanda Slokas 29 - 32, Page No 29 of Reference <ref>[http://www.sanskritebooks.org/2009/07/amara-kosa-the-sanskrit-thesaurus-with-notes-index/ Amarakosha]</ref>) <blockquote>सूरसुर्यार्यमादित्यद्वादशात्मदिवाकराः । भास्कराहस्करब्रध्नप्रभाकरदिवाकराः || (Amara 1. व्योमा. 29)</blockquote><blockquote>भास्वद्विस्वत्सप्ताश्वहरिदश्वोष्णरश्मयः । विकर्तनार्कमार्तण्डमिहिरारुणपूषणः || (Amara 1. व्योमा. 30)</blockquote><blockquote>द्युमणिस्तरणिर्मित्रस्चित्रभानुर्विरोचनः । विभावसुर्ग्रहपतिस्त्विषांपतिरहर्पतिः || (Amara 1. व्योमा. 31)</blockquote><blockquote>भानुर्हंसः सहस्रांशुस्तपनः सविता रविः । माठरः पिङ्लो दण्डश्चण्डांशोः पारिपार्श्विकाः || (Amara 1. व्योमा. 32)</blockquote>Synonyms for Surya include Soora, Surya, Yama, Aditya, Dwadashatma, Divakara, Bhaskara, Ahaskara, Martanda, Aruna, Pushana, Tarani, Mitra, Chitrabhanu, Tapana and many others as given above.
According to Yaskacharya in '''Nirukthi'''<blockquote>स्वीर्यतेः वा । सुवतेः वा । सूर्यः सर्तेः वा । (Nirukta 12.14)<ref>Nirukta ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5% Adhyaya 12])</ref></blockquote>Meaning : Surya is One who travels, one who creates and one who inspires.
The mantras connected to Surya, are chanted and recited by those who perform their daily sandhyavandanam, as Surya is the 'preraka (inspirer) to perform one's Karma. Rig Mantras consider Surya as the eyes of Vedapurusha and the 'antaratma' as explained in '''Rig Samhita''' as follows <blockquote>चित्रं देवानामुदगादनीकं चक्षुर्मित्रस्य वरुणस्याग्नेः । आप्रा द्यावापृथिवी अन्तरिक्षं सूर्य आत्मा जगतस्तस्थुषश्च ॥१॥ (Rig Veda 1.115.1)</blockquote>Meaning : Surya is the Surya is the atma of the universe and the cause of the universe'.
The mantras connected to Surya, are chanted and recited by those who perform their daily sandhyavandanam, as Surya is the 'preraka (inspirer) to perform one's Karma. Rig Mantras consider Surya as the eyes of Vedapurusha and the 'antaratma' as explained in '''Rig Samhita''' as follows <blockquote>चित्रं देवानामुदगादनीकं चक्षुर्मित्रस्य वरुणस्याग्नेः |</blockquote><blockquote>आप्रा दयावाप्र्थिवी अन्तरिक्षं सूर्य आत्मा जगतस्तस्थुषश्च || (Rig Veda 1.115.1)</blockquote><blockquote>citraṃ devānāmudaghādanīkaṃ cakṣurmitrasya varuṇasyāghneḥ |</blockquote><blockquote>āprā dyāvāpṛthivī antarikṣaṃ sūrya ātmā jaghatastasthuṣaśca || (Rig Veda 1.115.1)</blockquote>Meaning : One who is antaryami taya sarvasya prerakaha paramatma according to Sayana Acarya whose commentary says that 'Surya is the atma of the universe and the cause of the universe'.
'''Taitriya Aranyaka''' explains <blockquote>yo asau tapan udethi' (1.14.1) </blockquote>Meaning : Surya is the atma of the universe.
'''Taitriya Aranyaka''' explains <blockquote>yo asau tapan udethi' (1.14.1) </blockquote>Meaning : Surya is the atma of the universe.