Difference between revisions of "Svasthavrtta (स्वस्थवृत्तम्)"
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| − | + | Svasthavrttam refers to the code of conduct to be followed by a healthy individual so as to preserve and promote his health and well-being. It is the widely discussed topic under Ayurveda. Various aspects of preventive healthcare and public health are discussed under Svasthvrttam in Ayurveda literature. It is believed to be one of the unique topics discussed exclusively in Ayurveda. It includes various topics like [[Dinacharya (दिनचर्या)|Dinacharya]], [[Rutucharya (ऋतुचर्या)|Rutucharya]], [[Vega (वेगाः)|Vega dharana]], [[Sadvrutta (सद्वृत्तम्)|Sadvrttam]] etc that discuss specific diet or lifestyle related aspects under one major category which is an integral part of life of any individual. | |
== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
| − | The aim of Ayurveda knowledge is to preserve and promote the health of healthy individual and cure the disorders of diseased individuals. It is clear that, the knowledge offered in Ayurveda focuses not only on the treatment of various diseases but equal | + | The aim of Ayurveda knowledge is to preserve and promote the health of healthy individual and cure the disorders of diseased individuals. It is therefore clear that, the knowledge offered in Ayurveda focuses not only on the treatment of various diseases but equal emphasis has also been given on preservation of health in the healthy individual. Preservation of health refers to prevention of diseases by boosting the immunity and also maintaining the fitness. Since Ayurveda considers life of any individual as the union of [[Sharira (शरीरम्)|Shariram]], [[Manas (मनः)|Manas]], [[Atman (आत्मन्)|Atman]] and [[Indriyas (इन्द्रियाणि)|Indriyas]]; health of an individual refers to the health of all these components of life. Thus, Svasthavrtta is also discussed with reference to the health and well-being of Shariram, Manas and Atman with Indriyas. When each and every component of life is given due importance, their union functions well and results in generation of good health and wellbeing of that individual. |
== आयुर्वेदस्य प्रयोजनम्॥ Prayojana of Ayurveda == | == आयुर्वेदस्य प्रयोजनम्॥ Prayojana of Ayurveda == | ||
| − | प्रयोजन । | + | Prayojana (प्रयोजन । ) of Ayurveda means the aim of Ayurveda. It is described as below. |
=== व्याधिपरिमोक्षः स्वस्थस्य रक्षणं च ॥ Curative and Preventive Medicine === | === व्याधिपरिमोक्षः स्वस्थस्य रक्षणं च ॥ Curative and Preventive Medicine === | ||
| − | Acharya Sushruta opines that, the aim of Ayurveda is व्याधिपरिमोक्षः । Vyadhiparimoksha i.e. to alleviate the suffering of a diseased individual by eradicating the disease and स्वास्थ्यरक्षणम् । Svasthyarakshan i.e to preserve the health of a healthy individual by preventing the diseases. Hence, it is clear that Ayurveda focuses on both the aspects of health namely, curative and preventive. The methods of achieving health and longevity by not just treating the diseases but also by prevention of the diseases, have been described in Ayurveda indicating supremacy and the wisdom of ancient | + | All the ayurveda acharyas have clearly explained that the aim of Ayurveda in their treatises. <blockquote>वत्स सुश्रुत! इह खल्वायुर्वेदप्रयोजनं- व्याध्युपसृष्टानां व्याधिपरिमोक्षः, स्वस्थस्य रक्षणं च ॥ (Sush. Samh. 1.14)<ref>Sushruta Samhita ([https://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/esushruta/?mod=read&h=svasthasya Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 1 Sutra 14])</ref></blockquote>Acharya Sushruta opines that, the aim of Ayurveda is व्याधिपरिमोक्षः । Vyadhiparimoksha i.e. to alleviate the suffering of a diseased individual by eradicating the disease and स्वास्थ्यरक्षणम् । Svasthyarakshan i.e to preserve the health of a healthy individual by preventing the diseases.<blockquote>प्रयोजनं चास्य स्वस्थस्य स्वास्थ्यरक्षणमातुरस्य विकारप्रशमनं च ॥ (Char. Samh. 30.26)<ref>Charaka Samhita ([https://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/ecaraka/?mod=read&h=svAsthyara Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 30 Sutram 26])</ref></blockquote>Hence, it is clear that Ayurveda focuses on both the aspects of health namely, curative and preventive. The methods of achieving health and longevity by not just treating the diseases but also by prevention of the diseases, have been described in Ayurveda indicating supremacy and the wisdom of ancient Rshis. |
| − | Acharya Charaka has frequently used the term Prakrti, Swasthya, Sukha, Arogya, Dhatusamya as synonyms of health. He stresses that disorder is disequilibrium of Dhatus and their equilibrium is health. Health is known as happiness while disorder is unhappiness. ( | + | Acharya Charaka has frequently used the term Prakrti, Swasthya, Sukha, Arogya, Dhatusamya as synonyms of health. He stresses that disorder is disequilibrium of Dhatus and their equilibrium is health. Health is known as happiness while disorder is unhappiness.<ref>Charaka Samhita (Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 9 Sutra 4)</ref> |
== Etymology == | == Etymology == | ||
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=== Svastha === | === Svastha === | ||
| − | |||
| − | Stha means -To stand and live. | + | * Swa means - One's own, belonging to one self, innate, natural |
| + | * Stha means -To stand and live. | ||
In total it means "Living one's own inherent life". Therefore, one who stands strong without any diseases and disequilibrium of Dhatus iscalled as svastha. | In total it means "Living one's own inherent life". Therefore, one who stands strong without any diseases and disequilibrium of Dhatus iscalled as svastha. | ||
| Line 28: | Line 28: | ||
== Definition of word 'Svastha' == | == Definition of word 'Svastha' == | ||
| − | Ancient Ayurveda acharyas have defined the term Svastha in their treatises. They had recognized the importance of equilibrium of functional units like Doshas, Dhatus, Malas and Agni in maintaining the health. Thus, Acharya Sushruta has define the term Svastha as below, | + | Ancient Ayurveda acharyas have defined the term Svastha in their treatises. They had recognized the importance of equilibrium of functional units like Doshas, Dhatus, Malas and Agni in maintaining the health. Thus, Acharya Sushruta has define the term Svastha as below,<blockquote>समदोषः समाग्निश्च समधातुमलक्रियः। प्रसन्नात्मेन्द्रियमनः स्वस्थ इति अभिधीयते।। (Sushrut Samhita Sutrasthanam 15.48)</blockquote>(TBE) In the above definition, physical, mental and adhyatmik health has been explained. Health does not mean only the absence of disease but it means that mind and spirit should also be Prasanna (happy). Complete psycho-somatic equilibrium is the key to Svāsthya (health). |
| − | |||
| − | समदोषः समाग्निश्च समधातुमलक्रियः। प्रसन्नात्मेन्द्रियमनः स्वस्थ इति अभिधीयते।। (Sushrut Samhita Sutrasthanam 15.48) | ||
| − | |||
| − | (TBE) In the above definition, physical, mental and adhyatmik health has been explained. Health does not mean only the absence of disease but it means that mind and spirit should also be Prasanna (happy). Complete psycho-somatic equilibrium is the key to Svāsthya (health). | ||
=== Prashasta Purush characteristics === | === Prashasta Purush characteristics === | ||
Revision as of 19:55, 10 January 2022
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Svasthavrttam refers to the code of conduct to be followed by a healthy individual so as to preserve and promote his health and well-being. It is the widely discussed topic under Ayurveda. Various aspects of preventive healthcare and public health are discussed under Svasthvrttam in Ayurveda literature. It is believed to be one of the unique topics discussed exclusively in Ayurveda. It includes various topics like Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Vega dharana, Sadvrttam etc that discuss specific diet or lifestyle related aspects under one major category which is an integral part of life of any individual.
Introduction
The aim of Ayurveda knowledge is to preserve and promote the health of healthy individual and cure the disorders of diseased individuals. It is therefore clear that, the knowledge offered in Ayurveda focuses not only on the treatment of various diseases but equal emphasis has also been given on preservation of health in the healthy individual. Preservation of health refers to prevention of diseases by boosting the immunity and also maintaining the fitness. Since Ayurveda considers life of any individual as the union of Shariram, Manas, Atman and Indriyas; health of an individual refers to the health of all these components of life. Thus, Svasthavrtta is also discussed with reference to the health and well-being of Shariram, Manas and Atman with Indriyas. When each and every component of life is given due importance, their union functions well and results in generation of good health and wellbeing of that individual.
आयुर्वेदस्य प्रयोजनम्॥ Prayojana of Ayurveda
Prayojana (प्रयोजन । ) of Ayurveda means the aim of Ayurveda. It is described as below.
व्याधिपरिमोक्षः स्वस्थस्य रक्षणं च ॥ Curative and Preventive Medicine
All the ayurveda acharyas have clearly explained that the aim of Ayurveda in their treatises.
वत्स सुश्रुत! इह खल्वायुर्वेदप्रयोजनं- व्याध्युपसृष्टानां व्याधिपरिमोक्षः, स्वस्थस्य रक्षणं च ॥ (Sush. Samh. 1.14)[1]
Acharya Sushruta opines that, the aim of Ayurveda is व्याधिपरिमोक्षः । Vyadhiparimoksha i.e. to alleviate the suffering of a diseased individual by eradicating the disease and स्वास्थ्यरक्षणम् । Svasthyarakshan i.e to preserve the health of a healthy individual by preventing the diseases.
प्रयोजनं चास्य स्वस्थस्य स्वास्थ्यरक्षणमातुरस्य विकारप्रशमनं च ॥ (Char. Samh. 30.26)[2]
Hence, it is clear that Ayurveda focuses on both the aspects of health namely, curative and preventive. The methods of achieving health and longevity by not just treating the diseases but also by prevention of the diseases, have been described in Ayurveda indicating supremacy and the wisdom of ancient Rshis.
Acharya Charaka has frequently used the term Prakrti, Swasthya, Sukha, Arogya, Dhatusamya as synonyms of health. He stresses that disorder is disequilibrium of Dhatus and their equilibrium is health. Health is known as happiness while disorder is unhappiness.[3]
Etymology
The term Svasthvrtta is composed of two parts viz. 'Svastha' and 'Vrttam'.
Svastha
- Swa means - One's own, belonging to one self, innate, natural
- Stha means -To stand and live.
In total it means "Living one's own inherent life". Therefore, one who stands strong without any diseases and disequilibrium of Dhatus iscalled as svastha.
Vrtta
Vrtta (वृत्तम्) means practice, action, mode of life, conduct, behavior. Therefore, mode of life or conduct to be followed by a healthy individual to remain healthy is discussed under Svasthavrtta.
Definition of word 'Svastha'
Ancient Ayurveda acharyas have defined the term Svastha in their treatises. They had recognized the importance of equilibrium of functional units like Doshas, Dhatus, Malas and Agni in maintaining the health. Thus, Acharya Sushruta has define the term Svastha as below,
समदोषः समाग्निश्च समधातुमलक्रियः। प्रसन्नात्मेन्द्रियमनः स्वस्थ इति अभिधीयते।। (Sushrut Samhita Sutrasthanam 15.48)
(TBE) In the above definition, physical, mental and adhyatmik health has been explained. Health does not mean only the absence of disease but it means that mind and spirit should also be Prasanna (happy). Complete psycho-somatic equilibrium is the key to Svāsthya (health).
Prashasta Purush characteristics
सममांसप्रमाणस्तु समसंहननो नरः| दृढेन्द्रियो विकाराणां न बलेनाभिभूयते||१८||
क्षुत्पिपासातपसहः शीतव्यायामसंसहः| समपक्ता समजरः सममांसचयो मतः||१९|| (Charaka Samhita Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 21 Sutra 18-19)
Svasthya Chatushka of Charaka Samhita
Acharya Charaka has named group of 4 adhayays as 'Swasthya chatushka'. All these 4 adhyayas are predominantly dedicated for describing the measures to prevent diseases, preserve and promote health of an healthy individual.
Adhyayas in Swastha chatushka are as follows,
Contents of Svasthvrtta
Daily regimen (Dincharya)
Seasonal Regimen (Ritucharya)
Non suppression of natural urges
Occasional Occupational duties
Precautionary Observances in sexual activity
General rules of conduct for the well being of society: Ethical Regimen
Precautionary measures against untimely old age
Conduct and Practices realization
- ↑ Sushruta Samhita (Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 1 Sutra 14)
- ↑ Charaka Samhita (Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 30 Sutram 26)
- ↑ Charaka Samhita (Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 9 Sutra 4)