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== आयुर्वेदस्य प्रयोजनम्॥ Prayojana of Ayurveda ==

== आयुर्वेदस्य प्रयोजनम्॥ Prayojana of Ayurveda ==

Prayojana (प्रयोजन । ) of Ayurveda means the aim of Ayurveda. It is described as below.

Prayojana (प्रयोजन । ) of Ayurveda means the aim of Ayurveda. All the ayurveda acharyas have clearly explained the aim of Ayurveda in their treatises.<blockquote>वत्स सुश्रुत! इह खल्वायुर्वेदप्रयोजनं- व्याध्युपसृष्टानां व्याधिपरिमोक्षः, स्वस्थस्य रक्षणं च ॥  (Sush. Samh. 1.14)<ref>Sushruta Samhita ([https://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/esushruta/?mod=read&h=svasthasya Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 1 Sutra 14])</ref></blockquote>Acharya Sushruta opines that, the aim of Ayurveda is व्याधिपरिमोक्षः । Vyadhiparimoksha i.e. to alleviate the suffering of a diseased individual by eradicating the disease and स्वास्थ्यरक्षणम् । Svasthyarakshan i.e to preserve the health of a healthy individual by preventing the diseases.<blockquote>प्रयोजनं चास्य स्वस्थस्य स्वास्थ्यरक्षणमातुरस्य विकारप्रशमनं च ॥ (Char. Samh. 30.26)<ref>Charaka Samhita ([https://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/ecaraka/?mod=read&h=svAsthyara Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 30 Sutram 26])</ref></blockquote>Hence, it is clear that Ayurveda focuses on both the aspects of health namely, curative and preventive. The methods of achieving health and longevity by not just treating the diseases but also by prevention of the diseases, have been described in Ayurveda indicating supremacy and the wisdom of ancient Rshis.

 

All the ayurveda acharyas have clearly explained that the aim of Ayurveda in their treatises. <blockquote>वत्स सुश्रुत! इह खल्वायुर्वेदप्रयोजनं- व्याध्युपसृष्टानां व्याधिपरिमोक्षः, स्वस्थस्य रक्षणं च ॥  (Sush. Samh. 1.14)<ref>Sushruta Samhita ([https://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/esushruta/?mod=read&h=svasthasya Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 1 Sutra 14])</ref></blockquote>Acharya Sushruta opines that, the aim of Ayurveda is व्याधिपरिमोक्षः । Vyadhiparimoksha i.e. to alleviate the suffering of a diseased individual by eradicating the disease and स्वास्थ्यरक्षणम् । Svasthyarakshan i.e to preserve the health of a healthy individual by preventing the diseases.<blockquote>प्रयोजनं चास्य स्वस्थस्य स्वास्थ्यरक्षणमातुरस्य विकारप्रशमनं च ॥ (Char. Samh. 30.26)<ref>Charaka Samhita ([https://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/ecaraka/?mod=read&h=svAsthyara Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 30 Sutram 26])</ref></blockquote>Hence, it is clear that Ayurveda focuses on both the aspects of health namely, curative and preventive. The methods of achieving health and longevity by not just treating the diseases but also by prevention of the diseases, have been described in Ayurveda indicating supremacy and the wisdom of ancient Rshis.

Acharya Charaka has frequently used the term Prakrti, Swasthya, Sukha, Arogya, Dhatusamya as synonyms of health. He stresses that disorder is disequilibrium of Dhatus and their equilibrium is health. Health is known as happiness while disorder is unhappiness.<ref>Charaka Samhita (Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 9 Sutra 4)</ref>  

Acharya Charaka has frequently used the term Prakrti, Swasthya, Sukha, Arogya, Dhatusamya as synonyms of health. He stresses that disorder is disequilibrium of Dhatus and their equilibrium is health. Health is known as happiness while disorder is unhappiness.<ref>Charaka Samhita (Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 9 Sutra 4)</ref>  

* Stha means -To stand and live.  

* Stha means -To stand and live.  

In total it means "Living one's own inherent life". Therefore, one who stands strong without any diseases and disequilibrium of Dhatus iscalled as svastha.  

In total it means "Living one's own inherent life". Therefore, one who stands strong without any diseases and disequilibrium of Dhatus is called as svastha.  

=== Vrtta ===

=== Vrtta ===

== Definition of word 'Svastha' ==

== Definition of word 'Svastha' ==

Ancient Ayurveda acharyas have defined the term Svastha in their treatises. They had recognized the importance of equilibrium of functional units like Doshas, Dhatus, Malas and Agni in maintaining the health. Thus, Acharya Sushruta has define the term Svastha as below,<blockquote>समदोषः समाग्निश्च समधातुमलक्रियः। प्रसन्नात्मेन्द्रियमनः स्वस्थ इति अभिधीयते।। (Sushrut Samhita Sutrasthanam 15.48)</blockquote>(TBE) In the above definition, physical, mental and adhyatmik health has been explained. Health does not mean only the absence of disease but it means that mind and spirit should also be Prasanna (happy). Complete psycho-somatic equilibrium is the key to Svāsthya (health).

Ayurveda has defined the term Svastha and clearly explained what 'svasthya' means to Ayurveda. Ayurveda acharyas had recognized the importance of equilibrium of functional units like [[Doshas (दोषाः)|Doshas]], [[Dhatus (धातवः)|Dhatus]], [[Malas (मलाः)|Malas]] and [[Agni (अग्निः)|Agni]] in maintaining the health. Thus, while defining the term 'svasthya' attention has been paid to all these factors. Acharya Sushruta has defined the term Svastha as below,<blockquote>समदोषः समाग्निश्च समधातुमलक्रियः। प्रसन्नात्मेन्द्रियमनः स्वस्थ इति अभिधीयते।। (Sushrut Samhita Sutrasthanam 15.48)</blockquote>Meaning: Svastha means the one who has equilibrium of [[Doshas (दोषाः)|doshas]], [[Agni (अग्निः)|agni]], [[Dhatus (धातवः)|dhatus]] and well balanced mala activities (in body) along with energetic/well functioning [[Atman (आत्मन्)|atman]], [[Indriyas (इन्द्रियाणि)|indriyas]] and [[Manas (मनः)|manas]] (all collectively).

 

In the above definition, physical, mental and adhyatmik (spiritual) health has been explained. Health does not mean only the absence of disease but it means that [[Manas (मनः)|manas]] and [[Atman (आत्मन्)|atman]] should also be Prasanna (energetic/active/happy). Complete psycho-somatic equilibrium is the key to Svasthya (health). Therefore Ayurveda recognizes svastha not just at the level of  physical body. Ayurveda considers individual as the union of body, mind and energy (Soul). Thus svasthya also depends on well functioning of all these components of one's life which has been stated clearly in the definition.

=== Prashasta Purush characteristics ===

=== Prashasta Purush characteristics ===

सममांसप्रमाणस्तु समसंहननो नरः| दृढेन्द्रियो विकाराणां न बलेनाभिभूयते||१८||  

 

<blockquote>सममांसप्रमाणस्तु समसंहननो नरः| दृढेन्द्रियो विकाराणां न बलेनाभिभूयते||१८||  

क्षुत्पिपासातपसहः शीतव्यायामसंसहः| समपक्ता समजरः सममांसचयो मतः||१९||  (Charaka Samhita Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 21 Sutra 18-19)

क्षुत्पिपासातपसहः शीतव्यायामसंसहः| समपक्ता समजरः सममांसचयो मतः||१९||  (Charaka Samhita Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 21 Sutra 18-19)</blockquote>

== Svasthya Chatushka of Charaka Samhita ==

== Svasthya Chatushka of Charaka Samhita ==