Changes

|-

|-

|Mantras 6 to 11

|Mantras 6 to 11

|Mention the method of the [[Moksha (मोक्षः)|liberation]] an Individual.

|Mention the method of Mukti of an Individual.

|-

|-

|Mantra 12

|Mantra 12

|-

|-

|Mantra 15

|Mantra 15

|Nature of Liberation.

|Nature of Mukti.

|-

|-

|Mantras 16 to 17

|Mantras 16 to 17

|-

|-

|Mantras 13, 14

|Mantras 13, 14

|Nature of Liberation.

|Nature of Mukti.

|}

|}

|-

|-

|Mantras 13, 20

|Mantras 13, 20

|Nature of Liberation.

|Nature of Mukti.

|-

|-

|Mantra 21

|Mantra 21

Shvetashvatara has some special features.  

Shvetashvatara has some special features.  

*It has addressed Paramatman (Supreme Self) as Hara (1.10), Rudra (3.2, 3.4, 4.12, 4.21 and 4.22) and Shiva (3.14 and 4.10). However scholars consider them as general names of God and hence do not concede that it is a Shaiva Upanishad.

*It has addressed Paramatman (Supreme Self) as Hara (1.10), Rudra (3.2, 3.4, 4.12, 4.21 and 4.22) and Shiva (3.14 and 4.10). However scholars consider them as general names of Supreme Being and hence do not concede that it is a Shaiva Upanishad.

*The second speciality is its advocacy of [[Bhakti (भक्तिः)|bhakti]] or devotion to God as an important aspect of [[Sadhana in Sampradayas (सम्प्रदायेषु साधनम्)|sadhana]].

*The second speciality is its advocacy of [[Bhakti (भक्तिः)|bhakti]] or devotion to Supreme Being as an important aspect of [[Sadhana in Sampradayas (सम्प्रदायेषु साधनम्)|sadhana]].

*The third is giving a definite form to God and considering him as a Person.

*The third is giving a definite form to Supreme Being and considering him as a Person.

*Use of the words [[Samkhya Darshana (साङ्ख्यदर्शनम्)|Sankhya]], [[Yoga Darshana (योगदर्शनम्)|Yoga]] (6.13) and Kapila (5.2) is the next. However, these do not propagate the Sankhya philosophy as described in later philosophical literature.

*Use of the words [[Samkhya Darshana (साङ्ख्यदर्शनम्)|Sankhya]], [[Yoga Darshana (योगदर्शनम्)|Yoga]] (6.13) and Kapila (5.2) is the next. However, these do not propagate the Sankhya philosophy as described in later philosophical literature.

==उपसंहार: ॥ Conclusion==

==उपसंहार: ॥ Conclusion==

The Upanishad concludes by mentioning the criteria of the recipient of this Upanishad.<blockquote>नाप्रशान्ताय दातव्यं नापुत्रायाशिष्याय वा पुनः ॥ (6.22)<ref name=":0" /> nāpraśāntāya dātavyaṃ nāputrāyāśiṣyāya vā punaḥ ||</blockquote>Meaning: It should not be given to one whose passions have not been subdued, nor to one who is not a son or a disciple. It also adds that the meaning of the Upanishad will shine forth only for those who have the highest devotion for God and for his guru as for God.<blockquote>यस्य देवे परा भक्तिः यथा देवे तथा गुरौ । तस्यैते कथिता ह्यर्थाः प्रकाशन्ते महात्मनः ॥ (6.23)<ref name=":0" /> yasya deve parā bhaktiḥ yathā deve tathā gurau | tasyaite kathitā hyarthāḥ prakāśante mahātmanaḥ ||</blockquote>As one turns the pages of this Upanishad, one is pleasantly surprised to come across several familiar verses found in full or in part in other sacred scriptures such as the Vedas, the major Upanishads and the [[Bhagavad Gita (भगवद्गीता)|Gita]].<ref name=":2">Swami Gambhirananda (2009), Svetasvatara Upanisad, Kolkata, Advaita Ashrama.</ref> There are passages in this Upanishad which are allied in thought to Dvaita (dualism), Vishishtadvaita (Qualified Non-dualism), Advaita (Non-dualism) and other branches of [[Vedanta (वेदान्तः)|Vedanta]]. It lays equal emphasis on [[Jnana (ज्ञानम्)|Jnana]], Bhakti and other paths of spiritual life. The various aspects, of Godhead find their natural place in it and adjust themselves to each other without any conflict. If, in certain passages, it is Vedic in language and conception, in others it is also Puranic in expression and presentation. In fact, it seems to be an attempt of a great synthetic mind to reconcile the various conflicting views, philosophical and religious, which were current at the time of its composition.<ref name=":1" /> Such is the grandeur of this Upanishad that it inspires everyone who reads it to lead a better and purposeful life, keeping the glory of spiritual pursuit and its goal constantly in view.<ref name=":2" />

The Upanishad concludes by mentioning the criteria of the recipient of this Upanishad.<blockquote>नाप्रशान्ताय दातव्यं नापुत्रायाशिष्याय वा पुनः ॥ (6.22)<ref name=":0" /> nāpraśāntāya dātavyaṃ nāputrāyāśiṣyāya vā punaḥ ||</blockquote>Meaning: It should not be given to one whose passions have not been subdued, nor to one who is not a son or a disciple. It also adds that the meaning of the Upanishad will shine forth only for those who have the highest devotion for Deity and for his guru as for Deity.<blockquote>यस्य देवे परा भक्तिः यथा देवे तथा गुरौ । तस्यैते कथिता ह्यर्थाः प्रकाशन्ते महात्मनः ॥ (6.23)<ref name=":0" /> yasya deve parā bhaktiḥ yathā deve tathā gurau | tasyaite kathitā hyarthāḥ prakāśante mahātmanaḥ ||</blockquote>As one turns the pages of this Upanishad, one is pleasantly surprised to come across several familiar verses found in full or in part in other sacred scriptures such as the Vedas, the major Upanishads and the [[Bhagavad Gita (भगवद्गीता)|Gita]].<ref name=":2">Swami Gambhirananda (2009), Svetasvatara Upanisad, Kolkata, Advaita Ashrama.</ref> There are passages in this Upanishad which are allied in thought to Dvaita (dualism), Vishishtadvaita (Qualified Non-dualism), Advaita (Non-dualism) and other branches of [[Vedanta (वेदान्तः)|Vedanta]]. It lays equal emphasis on [[Jnana (ज्ञानम्)|Jnana]], Bhakti and other paths of spiritual life. The various aspects, of Godhead find their natural place in it and adjust themselves to each other without any conflict. If, in certain passages, it is Vedic in language and conception, in others it is also Puranic in expression and presentation. In fact, it seems to be an attempt of a great synthetic mind to reconcile the various conflicting views, philosophical and religious, which were current at the time of its composition.<ref name=":1" /> Such is the grandeur of this Upanishad that it inspires everyone who reads it to lead a better and purposeful life, keeping the glory of spiritual pursuit and its goal constantly in view.<ref name=":2" />

==References==

==References==

<references />

<references />

[[Category:Upanishads]]

[[Category:Upanishads]]