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== आयुर्वेदावतरणम् ॥ Ayurveda Avatarana ==

== आयुर्वेदावतरणम् ॥ Ayurveda Avatarana ==

Being upaveda of [[Atharvaveda]], Ayurveda also does not belong to any specific author but considered to be सनातनम् । Sanatana or शाश्वतम्। Shasvata. Creation of Ayurveda has also been credited to [[Brahma (ब्रह्मा)|Brahma]].  <blockquote>तदिदं शाश्वतं पुण्यं स्वर्ग्यं यशस्यमायुष्यं वृत्तिकरं चेति ।। (Sush. Samh. 1.19)<ref name=":1" /></blockquote><blockquote>tadidaṁ śāśvataṁ puṇyaṁ svargyaṁ yaśasyamāyuṣyaṁ vr̥ttikaraṁ ceti ।।(Sush. Samh. 1.19)</blockquote>Meaning: Ayurveda is शाश्वतम्। Shasvata, पुण्यं। Punyam (Pure, Sacred, Auspicious), स्वर्ग्यं। Swargyam (Heavenly or partaking to heaven), यशस्यम् । Yashasyam (Creditable, Glorious), आयुष्यम्। Ayushyam (Giving long life), वृत्तिकरं Vruttikaram (affording a livelihood).     

Being upaveda of [[Atharvaveda]], Ayurveda also does not belong to any specific author but considered to be सनातनम् । Sanatana or शाश्वतम्। Shasvata. Creation of Ayurveda has also been credited to [[Brahma (ब्रह्मा)|Brahma]].  <blockquote>तदिदं शाश्वतं पुण्यं स्वर्ग्यं यशस्यमायुष्यं वृत्तिकरं चेति ।। (Sush. Samh. 1.19)<ref name=":1" /></blockquote><blockquote>tadidaṁ śāśvataṁ puṇyaṁ svargyaṁ yaśasyamāyuṣyaṁ vr̥ttikaraṁ ceti ।।(Sush. Samh. 1.19)</blockquote>Meaning: Ayurveda is शाश्वतम्। Shasvata (eternal), पुण्यं। Punyam (Pure, Sacred, Auspicious), स्वर्ग्यं। Swargyam (Heavenly or partaking to heaven), यशस्यम् । Yashasyam (Creditable, Glorious), आयुष्यम्। Ayushyam (Giving long life), वृत्तिकरं Vruttikaram (affording a livelihood).     

Though Ayurveda is eternal in nature, various Ayurveda संहिता । [[Samhita (संहिता)|samhita]] (Compendia) have described interesting mythological tales about origin, descent and spread of Ayurveda on earth. There are 2 main परम्परा । paramparas (traditions) described to apprise the transfer of knowledge of Ayurveda from देवता । devatas to human beings and this event is termed as ‘Ayurveda avatarana’ (आयुर्वेदावतरण).   

Though Ayurveda is eternal in nature, various Ayurveda संहिता । [[Samhita (संहिता)|samhita]] (Compendia) have described interesting mythological tales about origin, descent and spread of Ayurveda on earth. There are 2 main परम्परा । paramparas (traditions) described to apprise the transfer of knowledge of Ayurveda from देवता । devatas to human beings and this event is termed as ‘Ayurveda avatarana’ (आयुर्वेदावतरण).   

It is believed that the knowledge of Ayurveda was recollected by ब्रह्मा । [[Brahma (ब्रह्मा)|Brahma]] and not created. Knowledge of Ayurveda is thus said to be received first by Brahma in meditative state by revelation. It was then passed on to दक्ष प्रजापति । Daksha Prajapati. Daksha Prajapati passed on this knowledge to अश्विनीकुमारौ । [[Ashvini Kumaras (अश्विनीकुमारौ)|Ashvini Kumaras]]. Ashvini Kumaras are recognized as twin brothers who are renowned physicians of devatas. Various mythological tales in vedas describe complex, innovative surgical procedures and medical treatments performed by Ashwini kumaras. Impressed by their fascinating medical knowledge and skills of surgery, इन्द्र । Indra requested them to share this knowledge with him. In this way Indra inherited knowledge of Ayurveda from Ashvini Kumaras and later passed on this knowledge to seers and sages of ancient India. The transfer of Ayurveda from devatas to manushyas is described by different tales in various compendium. There are mainly 2 traditions of this transfer where one tradition is known as Atreya Parampara (tradition) and the other one as Dhanvantari Paramapara.  

It is believed that the knowledge of Ayurveda was recollected by ब्रह्मा । [[Brahma (ब्रह्मा)|Brahma]] and not created. Knowledge of Ayurveda is thus said to be received first by Brahma in meditative state by revelation. It was then passed on to दक्ष प्रजापति । Daksha Prajapati. Daksha Prajapati passed on this knowledge to अश्विनीकुमारौ । [[Ashvini Kumaras (अश्विनीकुमारौ)|Ashvini Kumaras]]. Ashvini Kumaras are recognized as twin brothers who are renowned physicians of devatas. Various mythological tales in vedas describe complex, innovative surgical procedures and medical treatments performed by Ashwini kumaras. Impressed by their fascinating medical knowledge and skills of surgery, इन्द्र । Indra requested them to share this knowledge with him. In this way Indra inherited knowledge of Ayurveda from Ashvini Kumaras and later passed on this knowledge to seers and sages of ancient India. The transfer of Ayurveda from devatas to manushyas (descent To earth) is described by different tales in various compendia. There are mainly 2 traditions of this transfer where one tradition is known as Atreya Parampara (tradition) and the other one as Dhanvantari Paramapara.  

=== आत्रेय परम्परा॥ Atreya Parampara  ===

=== आत्रेय परम्परा॥ Atreya Parampara  ===

In ancient India, the sages and seers were engaged in performing various yajnas and pious acts as a part of their practices for spiritual enlightenment. When emergence of various diseases started creating obstacles in the तप। [[Tapas|tapa]] , उपवास। Upawas , ब्रह्मचर्य। [[Brahmacharya (walking on the path of the divine)|Brahmacharya]] , व्रत। Vrata  and आयुष। Aayush , immense need to find out a solution for these diseases was felt. [[File:Medicinal Herbs.png|thumb|700x700px|'''Disciples helping Guru in treating a patient.''' Courtesy: Permitted to use Copyrighted Images from the Book "Sarwang" Published by Adivasi Lok Kala Evam Boli Vikas Academy, Madhya Pradesh Sanskriti Parishad]]Looking at the plight of mankind, the sages and seers decided to assemble at one of the auspicious sides of Himalayas and search for a solution. ऋषयः। Rushis like Angira, Jamadagni, Vasishtha, Kashyapa, Bhrugu, Atreya, Gautam, Saankhya, Pulastya, Narad, Agastya, Vamadev, Asit, Markandeya, Paarikshi, Ashwalayan, Bhikshu Atreya, Bhardwaja, Kapinjala, Wishwamitra, Ashwamathya, Bhargava, Chyawan, Abhijit, Gargya, Shandilya, Koundilya, Varkshi, Devala, Galav and many other sages were part of in this assembly. They all were enlightened and brilliant. They started discussing that diseases are appearing as obstacles in attainment of Dharma, Artha, Kama and Moksha. Aarogya is the main source for achieving these while, diseases work as destroyers of health, welfare and life. Hence, in order to overcome this problem, they started thinking of means to get rid of these diseases , achieve longevity and the source to find this knowledge. In a meditative state, they saw Indra as a savior, the source to obtain this knowledge. They realized that Indra could be the only source to get the desired knowledge and thus decided to meet him.  

In ancient India, the sages and seers were engaged in performing various yajnas and pious acts as a part of their practices for spiritual enlightenment. When emergence of various diseases started creating obstacles in the तप। [[Tapas|tapa]] , उपवास। Upawas , ब्रह्मचर्य। [[Brahmacharya (walking on the path of the divine)|Brahmacharya]] , व्रत। Vrata  and आयुष। Aayush , immense need to find out a solution for these diseases was felt. [[File:Medicinal Herbs.png|thumb|700x700px|'''Disciples helping Guru in treating a patient.''' Courtesy: Permitted to use Copyrighted Images from the Book "Sarwang" Published by Adivasi Lok Kala Evam Boli Vikas Academy, Madhya Pradesh Sanskriti Parishad]]Looking at the plight of mankind, the sages and seers decided to assemble at one of the auspicious sides of Himalayas and search for a solution. ऋषयः। Rushis like Angira, Jamadagni, Vasishtha, Kashyapa, Bhrugu, Atreya, Gautam, Saankhya, Pulastya, Narad, Agastya, Vamadev, Asit, Markandeya, Paarikshi, Ashwalayan, Bhikshu Atreya, Bhardwaja, Kapinjala, Wishwamitra, Ashwamathya, Bhargava, Chyawan, Abhijit, Gargya, Shandilya, Koundilya, Varkshi, Devala, Galav and many other sages were part of this assembly. They all were enlightened and brilliant. They started discussing that diseases are appearing as obstacles in attainment of Dharma, Artha, Kama and Moksha. Aarogya is the main source for achieving these while, diseases work as destroyers of health, welfare and life. Hence, in order to overcome this problem, they started thinking of means to get rid of these diseases , achieve longevity and the source to find this knowledge. In a meditative state, they saw Indra as a savior, the source to obtain this knowledge. They realized that Indra could be the only source to get the desired knowledge and thus decided to meet him.  

ऋषी भरद्वाज। Rushi Bharadwaja voluntarily expressed the willingness to work as representative and hence was deputed by sages to go to the abode of Indra and request him to share the knowledge. In a very short span, intelligent and devoted sage Bharadwaja absorbed Ayurveda knowledge in its entirety, practiced himself to attain happy life and transferred it to other sages. This way, ऋषी भरद्वाज। Rushi Bharadwaja is considered as the first Manushya to receive the knowledge of Ayurveda for welfare of mankind on earth. He then passed on this knowledge to various other sages.  

ऋषी भरद्वाज। Rushi Bharadwaja voluntarily expressed the willingness to work as representative and hence was deputed by sages to go to the abode of Indra and request him to share the knowledge. In a very short span, intelligent and devoted sage Bharadwaja absorbed Ayurveda knowledge in its entirety, practiced himself to attain happy life and transferred it to other sages. This way, ऋषी भरद्वाज। Rushi Bharadwaja is considered as the first Manushya to receive the knowledge of Ayurveda for welfare of mankind on earth. He then passed on this knowledge to various other sages.  

आत्रेय पुनर्वसुः । Atreya Punarvasu was one such sage to learn Ayurveda from Bharadwaja. He then bestowed this knowledge on his 6 disciples, out of the virtue of compassion for mankind and friendliness to share. अग्निवेशः। Agnivesha, भेलः। Bhela, जतुकर्णः। Jatukarna, पराशरः। Parashara, हारितः। Harit and क्षारपाणिः। Ksharapani were the 6 disciples of Atreya Punarvasu. On the basic of the knowledge obtained from guru Atreya, each of these disciples scripted their own treatise. Agnivesha being the most brilliant among them, was the first one to transcribe this knowledge from oral tradition into a compendium. His compendium got recognized by his name as अग्निवेशसंहिता । Agnivesha Samhita.<ref name=":0" /> This transfer of knowledge continued. Agnivesha Samhita gained wider recognition than other 5 treatises and thus in the later period, आचार्य चरकः । Acharya Charaka and दृढबलः । Drudhabala expounded this Samhita by their annotations. Since then, this Samhita became popular as चरकसंहिता । Charaka Samhita. Charaka Samhita is regarded as authoritative text for the knowledge of Ayurveda and included under the बृहत्रयी। Brihatrayee (the greater triology) in Ayurveda.  

आत्रेय पुनर्वसुः । Atreya Punarvasu was one such sage to learn Ayurveda from Bharadwaja. He then bestowed this knowledge on his 6 disciples, out of the virtue of compassion for mankind and friendliness to share. अग्निवेशः। Agnivesha, भेलः। Bhela, जतुकर्णः। Jatukarna, पराशरः। Parashara, हारितः। Harit and क्षारपाणिः। Ksharapani were the 6 disciples of Atreya Punarvasu. On the basis of the knowledge obtained from guru Atreya, each of these disciples scripted their own treatises. Agnivesha being the most brilliant among them, was the first one to transcribe this knowledge from oral tradition into a compendium. His compendium got recognized by his name as अग्निवेशसंहिता । Agnivesha Samhita.<ref name=":0" /> This transfer of knowledge continued. Agnivesha Samhita gained wider recognition than other 5 treatises and thus in the later period, आचार्य चरकः । Acharya Charaka and दृढबलः । Drudhabala expounded this Samhita by their annotations. Since then, this Samhita became popular as चरकसंहिता । Charaka Samhita. Charaka Samhita is regarded as authoritative text for the knowledge of Ayurveda and is included under बृहत्रयी। Brihatrayee (the greater triology of classical texts) in Ayurveda.  

=== धन्वन्तरि परम्परा॥ Dhanwantari parampara ===

=== धन्वन्तरि परम्परा॥ Dhanwantari parampara ===

In another parampara (tradition), knowledge of Ayurveda was inherited by काशीराज् दीवोदास धन्वन्तरी । Kashiraj Divodas Dhanwantari from Indra. He then passed on this divine knowledge to his disciples like सुश्रुत । Sushruta, औपधेनवः । Aupadhenav, वैतरणः । Vaitaran, औरभ्रः । Aurabhra, करवीर्यः । Karaveerya, भोजः । Bhoj, पौष्कलावतः । Poushkalawat  गोपुररक्षितः । Gopoormeet. <ref name=":1" /> आचार्य सुश्रुतः। Acharya Sushruta among these disciples created a treatise named सुश्रुतसंहिता  । [[Sushruta Samhita (सुश्रुतसंहिता)|Sushruta Samhita]]. Sushruta Samhita is also considered as one of the authoritative texts in Ayurveda and forms an integral part of बृहत्रयी। Bruhatrayee.

In another parampara (tradition), knowledge of Ayurveda was inherited by काशीराज् दीवोदास धन्वन्तरी । Kashiraj Divodas Dhanwantari from Indra. He then passed on this divine knowledge to his disciples like सुश्रुत । Sushruta, औपधेनवः । Aupadhenav, वैतरणः । Vaitaran, औरभ्रः । Aurabhra, करवीर्यः । Karaveerya, भोजः । Bhoj, पौष्कलावतः । Poushkalawat  गोपुररक्षितः । Gopoormeet. <ref name=":1" /> आचार्य सुश्रुतः। Sushruta among these disciples created the treatise named सुश्रुतसंहिता  । [[Sushruta Samhita (सुश्रुतसंहिता)|Sushruta Samhita]]. This Sushruta Samhita is also considered as one of the authoritative texts in Ayurveda and forms an integral part of बृहत्रयी। Bruhatrayee.

== आयुर्वेदस्य प्रयोजनम्॥ Prayojana of Ayurveda ==

== आयुर्वेदस्य प्रयोजनम्॥ Prayojana of Ayurveda ==