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| === दानम् ॥ Dana === | | === दानम् ॥ Dana === |
− | The gifts characterised by the three Gunas:
| + | In the Bhagavad Gita (17.20-17.22), Dana is also characterised with respect to the Trigunas. |
− | |दातव्यमिति यद्दानं दीयतेऽनुपकारिणे । देशे काले च पात्रे च तद्दानं सात्त्विकं स्मृतम् ॥१७.२०॥ | + | |Sattvika Dana is that which is given |
− | Charity given out of duty, without expectation of return, at the proper time and place, and to a worthy person is considered to be in the mode of goodness.
| + | |
− | |यत्तु प्रत्युपकारार्थं फलमुद्दिश्य वा पुनः । दीयते च परिक्लिष्टं तद्दानं राजसं स्मृतम् ॥१७.२१॥
| + | * in a sense of duty |
− | But charity performed with the expectation of some return or with a desire for fruitive results or in a gruding mood is said to be charity in the mode of passion.
| + | * without expectation of return |
− | |अदेशकाले यद्दानमपात्रेभ्यश्च दीयते । असत्कृतमवज्ञातं तत्तामसमुदाहृतम् ॥१७.२२॥
| + | * at the right time and place; and to a worthy person |
− | And charity performed at an impure place, at an improper time, to unworthy persons or withour proper attention and respect is said to be in the mode of ignorance.
| + | |Rajasika Dana is that which is given |
| + | |
| + | * with an expectation of some return from the receiver |
| + | * with a desire for fruits |
| + | * in a gruding mood |
| + | |Tamasika Dana is that which is given |
| + | |
| + | * at an impure place and an improper time to unworthy persons |
| + | * without honour and respect |
| |} | | |} |
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− | === श्लोकाः ॥ Verses === | + | === श्लोकाः ॥ Verses<ref name=":0" /> === |
− | The verses from 17.8-17.22 that enumerate the above mentioned threefold characteristics of Ahara, Yajna, Tapa and Dana in correspondence to the predominent gunas ie. Sattva, Rajas and Tamas in individuals are enlisted below: | + | The verses between 17.8-17.22 that enumerate the above mentioned threefold characteristics of Ahara, Yajna, Tapa and Dana in correspondence to the predominent gunas ie. Sattva, Rajas and Tamas in individuals are enlisted below: |
| {| class="wikitable" | | {| class="wikitable" |
| |+Ahara | | |+Ahara |