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{{technical|date=March 2015}}
{{Orphan|date=December 2014}}
{{Hinduism}}
'''Chidākāsha''' means 'mental space' in which all gross and subtle activities of the consciousness take place; it is the sky of consciousness, everything dies and evaporates in this space of consciousness, everything is reduced to its essence in this space.<ref>{{cite book|title=Iyngar:The Yoga Master|publisher=Shambala Publications|page=199|url= https://books.google.co.in/books?id=92c7BQAAQBAJ&pg=PA199&dq=chidakasha&hl=en&sa=X&ei=0DyhVMTtNcSiugTIkoDYCQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=chidakasha&f=false }}</ref> Even the mind (conditioned consciousness), along with intellect and ego, merges in this space of unconditioned Pure Consciousness through the paths of devotion, knowledge and action.<ref>{{cite book|title=Self Unfoldment|author=Swami Chinmayananda|publisher=Chinmaya Mission|page=142|url= https://books.google.co.in/books?id=-ia18fu2rEAC&pg=PA142&dq=chidakasha&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bj6hVJDXDI7luQTF5oLgCQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=chidakasha&f=false }}</ref> It is also associated with the [[Ajna|ajna chakra]], the guru chakra, positioned in the stomata behind the centre of the forehead.
[[Yoga Vasistha]] speaks about the ''bhutākāsha'' – dealing with gross matter, ''chittākāsha'' – dealing with mental concepts and ''chidākāsha'' with the '' [[Atman (Hinduism)|ātman]] ''. These are spaces projected by the mind but all spaces are reduced to one, that is, to the ultimate space which is one’s own true self.<ref>{{cite book|title=In the Twirling of a Lotus|publisher=Lulu.com|page=104|url= https://books.google.co.in/books?id=gnxGAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT104&dq=chidakasha&hl=en&sa=X&ei=mj2hVObuNdOQuATX3IHoCQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=chidakasha&f=false }}</ref> ''Chittākāsha'' is the field of the mind which provokes a deeper enquiry because there is in it still the duality of the 'seer' (''drg'') and the 'seen' (''drshya''); this duality ceases to exist in ''chidākāsha'' which is the field of Pure Consciousness viewed by the mind non-casually.<ref>{{cite book|title=Human Being in Depth|author=Swami Ranganathananda|publisher=SUNY Press|page=86|url= https://books.google.co.in/books?id=P0vfFZh9BIIC&pg=PA86&dq=chidakasha&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Ej-hVLGKDtSOuATkjoDoCg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=chidakasha&f=false }}</ref> Different mental spaces are seen when the mind ventures outwards to see all that which exists externally, but what already exists externally exists within contained in the inner mental space whose nature is different in different planes, and because consciousness functions variously in varying dimensions depending upon fineness of matter, the number of dimensions and the varying subtlety of the mind. ''Chidākāsha'' is the result of Divine Ideation which makes the world a mental projection that functions within time and space to give itself a semblance of reality.<ref>{{cite book|title=Man, God, and the Universe|author=I.K.Taimni|publisher=Quest Books|url= https://books.google.co.in/books?id=hQ4qn61v_UAC&pg=PA350&dq=chidakasha&hl=en&sa=X&ei=0DyhVMTtNcSiugTIkoDYCQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=chidakasha&f=false }}</ref>
''Chidākāsha'' also means the space of consciousness and the space behind the forehead which is the seat of visualization that links man with the conscious, subconscious and super-conscious and also the object of meditation or ''[[iṣṭa-devatā|ishta deva]]''; it helps gain insight into the connection between the two confronting worlds – the higher that is beyond all objects and thought and the lower which is the material world of senses. Subtle vision is developed though practice of ''Chidākāsha dhāranā''.<ref>{{cite book|title=Spiritual Art and Education|author=Janis Lander|publisher=Routledge|page=62|url= https://books.google.co.in/books?id=IH5iAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA62&dq=chidakasha&hl=en&sa=X&ei=mj2hVObuNdOQuATX3IHoCQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=chidakasha&f=false }}</ref> ''Bhutākāsha'' is the space outside, the outside world of objects that the senses meet and a mere reflection of the infinite within; ''Chidākāsha'' is the space within which having turned the mind inwardly the sublime objectless infinite is to be realized through ''Adhyātma Vidyā''.<ref>{{cite book|title=Concepts of Space Ancient and Modern|author=Kapila Vatsyayan|publisher=Abhinava Publications|page=47|url= https://books.google.co.in/books?id=T9B0AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA47&dq=chidakasha&hl=en&sa=X&ei=0DyhVMTtNcSiugTIkoDYCQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=chidakasha&f=false }}</ref> In his [[Vivekachudamani]], [[Adi Shankara|Shankara]] reminds that the first means to [[yoga]] is control of speech, then cessation of sense organ activity, control of mind and control of intellect. He states:-
:समाहितायां सति चित्तवृत्तौ परात्मनि ब्रह्माणि निर्विकल्पे |
:न दृश्यते कश्चिदयं विकल्पः प्रजल्पमात्रः परिष्यते ततः ||
: "If the mental functions are established in the true, unchanging, Higher Self, Brahman, this awareness of the phenomenal world is not experienced. What remains thereafter is merely a matter of meaningless word. " – ([[shloka]] 399)
Then all wrong identifications and knowledge of the [[Anatman (Hinduism)|anatman]] cease to survive, there is complete removal of sorrow, and all that remains is the Infinite.<ref>{{cite book|title=Sri Samkara’s Vivekacudamani|publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan|page=270|url= http://books.google.co.in/books/about/Vivekacudamani.html?id=J-U3twAACAAJ&redir_esc=y }}</ref>
[[Yama]] tells [[Nachiketa]]:-
:ह्ँस शुचिष्द्वसुरान्तरिक्शसद्-होता वेदिषदतिथिर्दुरोणसत् |
:नृषद्वरसदृतसद्व्योमसद् अब्जा गोजा ऋतजा अद्रिजा ऋतं बृहत् ||
: "The Immortal Self (Ātman) is the sun shining in the sky, he is the breeze blowing in space, he is the fire burning on the altar, he is the guest dwelling in the house; he is in all men, he is in the gods, he is in the ether, he is wherever there is truth; he is the fish that is born in waters, he is the plant that grows in the soil, he is the river that gushes from the mountain, - he is the changeless reality, the illimitable. " – ([[Katha Upanishad]] II.ii.2)
and,
:अग्निर्यथैको भुवनं प्रविष्टो रूपं रूपं प्रतिरूपो बभूव |
:एकस्तथा सर्वभूतान्तरात्मा रूपं रूपं प्रतिरूपो बहिश्च || २.२.९
:"As the one fire, after it has entered the world, though one, takes different forms according to whatever it burns, so does the internal Atman of all beings, though one, takes a form according to whatever He enters and is outside all forms. " - ([[Katha Upanishad]] II.ii.9)
In other words, Nachiketa is told about the pre-eminence of the all-encompassing Brahman who is everything and who pervades all things. He is told about [[Brahman]] shining brightly in the sky ('' [[akasha]] '') in subtle ether, in the sky of the ''Chidākāsha'' the infinite all –pervading subtle space of Consciousness ; the Self which produces all movement in the universe, shines in the ''Chidākāsha'' lighting up all worlds gross and subtle because of the emanation of [[Om]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Upanishads|publisher=Islamkotob|pages=118–119|url= https://books.google.co.in/books?id=FNzTC6Nmy6gC&pg=PA119&dq=chidakasha&hl=en&sa=X&ei=0DyhVMTtNcSiugTIkoDYCQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=chidakasha&f=false }}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Indian Philosophy|state=collapsed}}
[[Category:Hindu philosophical concepts]]
[[Category:Vedas]]
[[Category:Vedanta]]
[[Category:Sanskrit words and phrases]]
{{Orphan|date=December 2014}}
{{Hinduism}}
'''Chidākāsha''' means 'mental space' in which all gross and subtle activities of the consciousness take place; it is the sky of consciousness, everything dies and evaporates in this space of consciousness, everything is reduced to its essence in this space.<ref>{{cite book|title=Iyngar:The Yoga Master|publisher=Shambala Publications|page=199|url= https://books.google.co.in/books?id=92c7BQAAQBAJ&pg=PA199&dq=chidakasha&hl=en&sa=X&ei=0DyhVMTtNcSiugTIkoDYCQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=chidakasha&f=false }}</ref> Even the mind (conditioned consciousness), along with intellect and ego, merges in this space of unconditioned Pure Consciousness through the paths of devotion, knowledge and action.<ref>{{cite book|title=Self Unfoldment|author=Swami Chinmayananda|publisher=Chinmaya Mission|page=142|url= https://books.google.co.in/books?id=-ia18fu2rEAC&pg=PA142&dq=chidakasha&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bj6hVJDXDI7luQTF5oLgCQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=chidakasha&f=false }}</ref> It is also associated with the [[Ajna|ajna chakra]], the guru chakra, positioned in the stomata behind the centre of the forehead.
[[Yoga Vasistha]] speaks about the ''bhutākāsha'' – dealing with gross matter, ''chittākāsha'' – dealing with mental concepts and ''chidākāsha'' with the '' [[Atman (Hinduism)|ātman]] ''. These are spaces projected by the mind but all spaces are reduced to one, that is, to the ultimate space which is one’s own true self.<ref>{{cite book|title=In the Twirling of a Lotus|publisher=Lulu.com|page=104|url= https://books.google.co.in/books?id=gnxGAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT104&dq=chidakasha&hl=en&sa=X&ei=mj2hVObuNdOQuATX3IHoCQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=chidakasha&f=false }}</ref> ''Chittākāsha'' is the field of the mind which provokes a deeper enquiry because there is in it still the duality of the 'seer' (''drg'') and the 'seen' (''drshya''); this duality ceases to exist in ''chidākāsha'' which is the field of Pure Consciousness viewed by the mind non-casually.<ref>{{cite book|title=Human Being in Depth|author=Swami Ranganathananda|publisher=SUNY Press|page=86|url= https://books.google.co.in/books?id=P0vfFZh9BIIC&pg=PA86&dq=chidakasha&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Ej-hVLGKDtSOuATkjoDoCg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=chidakasha&f=false }}</ref> Different mental spaces are seen when the mind ventures outwards to see all that which exists externally, but what already exists externally exists within contained in the inner mental space whose nature is different in different planes, and because consciousness functions variously in varying dimensions depending upon fineness of matter, the number of dimensions and the varying subtlety of the mind. ''Chidākāsha'' is the result of Divine Ideation which makes the world a mental projection that functions within time and space to give itself a semblance of reality.<ref>{{cite book|title=Man, God, and the Universe|author=I.K.Taimni|publisher=Quest Books|url= https://books.google.co.in/books?id=hQ4qn61v_UAC&pg=PA350&dq=chidakasha&hl=en&sa=X&ei=0DyhVMTtNcSiugTIkoDYCQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=chidakasha&f=false }}</ref>
''Chidākāsha'' also means the space of consciousness and the space behind the forehead which is the seat of visualization that links man with the conscious, subconscious and super-conscious and also the object of meditation or ''[[iṣṭa-devatā|ishta deva]]''; it helps gain insight into the connection between the two confronting worlds – the higher that is beyond all objects and thought and the lower which is the material world of senses. Subtle vision is developed though practice of ''Chidākāsha dhāranā''.<ref>{{cite book|title=Spiritual Art and Education|author=Janis Lander|publisher=Routledge|page=62|url= https://books.google.co.in/books?id=IH5iAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA62&dq=chidakasha&hl=en&sa=X&ei=mj2hVObuNdOQuATX3IHoCQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=chidakasha&f=false }}</ref> ''Bhutākāsha'' is the space outside, the outside world of objects that the senses meet and a mere reflection of the infinite within; ''Chidākāsha'' is the space within which having turned the mind inwardly the sublime objectless infinite is to be realized through ''Adhyātma Vidyā''.<ref>{{cite book|title=Concepts of Space Ancient and Modern|author=Kapila Vatsyayan|publisher=Abhinava Publications|page=47|url= https://books.google.co.in/books?id=T9B0AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA47&dq=chidakasha&hl=en&sa=X&ei=0DyhVMTtNcSiugTIkoDYCQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=chidakasha&f=false }}</ref> In his [[Vivekachudamani]], [[Adi Shankara|Shankara]] reminds that the first means to [[yoga]] is control of speech, then cessation of sense organ activity, control of mind and control of intellect. He states:-
:समाहितायां सति चित्तवृत्तौ परात्मनि ब्रह्माणि निर्विकल्पे |
:न दृश्यते कश्चिदयं विकल्पः प्रजल्पमात्रः परिष्यते ततः ||
: "If the mental functions are established in the true, unchanging, Higher Self, Brahman, this awareness of the phenomenal world is not experienced. What remains thereafter is merely a matter of meaningless word. " – ([[shloka]] 399)
Then all wrong identifications and knowledge of the [[Anatman (Hinduism)|anatman]] cease to survive, there is complete removal of sorrow, and all that remains is the Infinite.<ref>{{cite book|title=Sri Samkara’s Vivekacudamani|publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan|page=270|url= http://books.google.co.in/books/about/Vivekacudamani.html?id=J-U3twAACAAJ&redir_esc=y }}</ref>
[[Yama]] tells [[Nachiketa]]:-
:ह्ँस शुचिष्द्वसुरान्तरिक्शसद्-होता वेदिषदतिथिर्दुरोणसत् |
:नृषद्वरसदृतसद्व्योमसद् अब्जा गोजा ऋतजा अद्रिजा ऋतं बृहत् ||
: "The Immortal Self (Ātman) is the sun shining in the sky, he is the breeze blowing in space, he is the fire burning on the altar, he is the guest dwelling in the house; he is in all men, he is in the gods, he is in the ether, he is wherever there is truth; he is the fish that is born in waters, he is the plant that grows in the soil, he is the river that gushes from the mountain, - he is the changeless reality, the illimitable. " – ([[Katha Upanishad]] II.ii.2)
and,
:अग्निर्यथैको भुवनं प्रविष्टो रूपं रूपं प्रतिरूपो बभूव |
:एकस्तथा सर्वभूतान्तरात्मा रूपं रूपं प्रतिरूपो बहिश्च || २.२.९
:"As the one fire, after it has entered the world, though one, takes different forms according to whatever it burns, so does the internal Atman of all beings, though one, takes a form according to whatever He enters and is outside all forms. " - ([[Katha Upanishad]] II.ii.9)
In other words, Nachiketa is told about the pre-eminence of the all-encompassing Brahman who is everything and who pervades all things. He is told about [[Brahman]] shining brightly in the sky ('' [[akasha]] '') in subtle ether, in the sky of the ''Chidākāsha'' the infinite all –pervading subtle space of Consciousness ; the Self which produces all movement in the universe, shines in the ''Chidākāsha'' lighting up all worlds gross and subtle because of the emanation of [[Om]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Upanishads|publisher=Islamkotob|pages=118–119|url= https://books.google.co.in/books?id=FNzTC6Nmy6gC&pg=PA119&dq=chidakasha&hl=en&sa=X&ei=0DyhVMTtNcSiugTIkoDYCQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=chidakasha&f=false }}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Indian Philosophy|state=collapsed}}
[[Category:Hindu philosophical concepts]]
[[Category:Vedas]]
[[Category:Vedanta]]
[[Category:Sanskrit words and phrases]]