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| to Purusa as the soul of the universe, the universal spirit present everywhere, | | to Purusa as the soul of the universe, the universal spirit present everywhere, |
| in everything and everyone, all the times. | | in everything and everyone, all the times. |
− | * Purusa is Universal Principle that is eternal, indestructible, without form and all pervasive. | + | * Purusa is a Universal Principle that is eternal, indestructible, without form and all pervasive. |
− | * Purusa is in the form of nature’s laws and principles that operate in the background to regulate, guide and direct change, evolution, cause and effect. | + | * Purusa is in the form of nature’s laws and principles that operate in the background to regulate, guide and direct change, evolution, cause and effect. |
− | * It is Purusa or Chaitanya form, in Hindu concept of existence, that breathes life into matter, is the source of all consciousness, one that creates oneness in all life forms, in all of humanity, and the essence of Self. | + | * It is Purusa or Chaitanya form, in Hindu concept of existence, that breathes life into matter, is the source of all consciousness, one that creates oneness in all life forms, in all of humanity, and the essence of Self. |
− | * It is Purusa, the cause in Hinduism, as to why the universe operates, is dynamic and evolves, as against being static. | + | * It is Purusa, the cause in Hinduism, as to why the universe operates, is dynamic and evolves, as against being static. |
| Both Samkhya | | Both Samkhya |
| and Yoga school holds that the path to moksha (release, Self-realization) | | and Yoga school holds that the path to moksha (release, Self-realization) |
| includes the realization of Purusha. | | includes the realization of Purusha. |
| | | |
− | == Concept of Tad Ekam in Nasadiya Suktam (Rig Veda) == | + | == Concept of Tad Ekam in Nasadiya Suktam (Rig Veda) ('''should this be in block quote''') == |
| Rig veda | | Rig veda |
| clearly talks about the Origin of Creation in the 10th mandala, which is | | clearly talks about the Origin of Creation in the 10th mandala, which is |
− | popularly known as the Nasadiya suktam. | + | popularly known as the Nasadiya suktam. <blockquote>न मृ॒त्यु: आसीत् |
− | | + | अमृतं॒ न तर्हि॒</blockquote><blockquote>"Then not |
− | न मृ॒त्यु: आसीत् | + | death existed, nor the immortal" (10.129.2)</blockquote>आनी॑त् अवा॒तं |
− | अमृतं॒ न तर्हि॒ | |
− | | |
− | "Then not | |
− | death existed, nor the immortal" (10.129.2) | |
− | | |
− | आनी॑त् अवा॒तं | |
| स्व॒धया॒ '''तत् एकम्'''तस्माद्धान्यन्न परः किञ्चनास | | स्व॒धया॒ '''तत् एकम्'''तस्माद्धान्यन्न परः किञ्चनास |
| | | |
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| Verse 2.1.3 | | Verse 2.1.3 |
| wonderfully describes that from this great Purusha (एतस्माज्जायते), everything comes. | | wonderfully describes that from this great Purusha (एतस्माज्जायते), everything comes. |
− | * The cosmic ''prana (''प्राणो), Hiranyagarbha, emanates from this Supreme Brahman. | + | * The cosmic ''prana (''प्राणो), Hiranyagarbha, emanates from this Supreme Brahman. |
− | * The Virat, which is called here the ''manas (''मनः), also emanates from that Brahman. | + | * The Virat, which is called here the ''manas (''मनः), also emanates from that Brahman. |
− | * The ''indriyas (''सर्वेन्द्रियाणि), or all the sense organs, also emanate from That Purusha. They are actually the feeders, the tentacles of consciousness. | + | * The ''indriyas (''सर्वेन्द्रियाणि), or all the sense organs, also emanate from That Purusha. They are actually the feeders, the tentacles of consciousness. |
− | * The five elements (खं वायुर्जोतिरापः पृथिवी )– earth, water, fire, air and ether; The very Earth that sustains us (पृथिवी विश्वस्य धारिणी), the basis of all, emanate from That. | + | * The five elements (खं वायुर्जोतिरापः पृथिवी )– earth, water, fire, air and ether; The very Earth that sustains us (पृथिवी विश्वस्य धारिणी), the basis of all, emanate from That. |
− | * The whole Brahmanda, the fourteen worlds, which are the permutations and combinations, modifications of gross forms or subtle forms, or the real forms of the five elements, all these come from one breath, as it were, of this one Supreme Being, the Purusha. | + | * The whole Brahmanda, the fourteen worlds, which are the permutations and combinations, modifications of gross forms or subtle forms, or the real forms of the five elements, all these come from one breath, as it were, of this one Supreme Being, the Purusha. |
| | | |
| == Purusha - As in Atmanopanishad == | | == Purusha - As in Atmanopanishad == |
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| of the Atmopanishad belonging to the Atharvaveda explains that Purusha, the | | of the Atmopanishad belonging to the Atharvaveda explains that Purusha, the |
| dweller in the body, is three-fold: | | dweller in the body, is three-fold: |
− | * the Bahyatman (the Outer-Atman) which is born and dies | + | * the Bahyatman (the Outer-Atman) which is born and dies |
− | * the Antaratman (the Inner-Atman) which comprehends the whole range of material phenomena, gross and subtle, with which the Jiva concerns himself | + | * the Antaratman (the Inner-Atman) which comprehends the whole range of material phenomena, gross and subtle, with which the Jiva concerns himself |
− | * the Paramatman which is all-pervading, unthinkable, indescribable, is without action and has no Samskaras | + | * the Paramatman which is all-pervading, unthinkable, indescribable, is without action and has no Samskaras |
| == Purusha - As in Sankhya == | | == Purusha - As in Sankhya == |
| Sankhya school | | Sankhya school |
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| the universe is envisioned as a combination of perceivable material reality and | | the universe is envisioned as a combination of perceivable material reality and |
| non-perceivable, non-material laws and principles of nature. | | non-perceivable, non-material laws and principles of nature. |
− | * Material reality, or Prakrti, is everything that has changed, can change and is subject to cause and effect. | + | * Material reality, or Prakrti, is everything that has changed, can change and is subject to cause and effect. |
− | * Universal principle, or Purusa, is that which is unchanging (aksara)['''2'''] and is uncaused. | + | * Universal principle, or Purusa, is that which is unchanging (aksara)['''2'''] and is uncaused. |
| The Purusha is | | The Purusha is |
| pure consciousness, is itself inactive yet whose presence disrupts the | | pure consciousness, is itself inactive yet whose presence disrupts the |