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Line 84:
Line 84: − कायबाल्ग्रहोर्ध्वान्गशल्य्दंष्ट्राजरावॄषैः।+ − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − : वाजीकरणतन्त्रं नामाल्पदुष्टक्षीणविशुष्करेतसामाप्यायनप्रसादोपचयजननिमित्तं प्रहर्षजननार्थं च ८/८+ − : एवमयमायुर्वेदोऽष्टाङ्ग उपदिश्यते अत्र कस्मै किमुच्यतामिति ९ − + + − '''1.''' Kaaya Chikitsa (Internal Medicine)+ + − kaya-+ + − chikitsa-+ + − '''2.''' Baala Chikitsa (Treatment of Children / Pediatrics)+ + − '''3.''' Graha Chikitsa (Demonology / Psychology)+ + − '''4.''' Urdhvaanga Chikitsa (Treatment of disease above the clavicle)+ + − '''5.''' Shalya Chikitsa (Surgery)+ + − '''6.''' Damstra Chikitsa (Toxicology)+ − − '''7.''' Jara Chikitsa (Geriatrics, Rejuvenation) − − '''8.''' Vrsha Chikitsa (Aphrodisiac therapy)
→Ashtanga Ayurveda
== Ashtanga Ayurveda ==
== Ashtanga Ayurveda ==
The knowledge of life in Ayurveda is divided under 8 main branches. These are called Upanga of Ayurveda and as they are 8 in number, Ayurveda is also called Ashtanga Ayurveda. These 8 branches are as follows:
: यद्यथा शल्यं शालाक्यं कायचिकित्सा भूतविद्या कौमारभृत्यम् अगदतन्त्रं रसायनतन्त्रं वाजीकरणतन्त्रमिति ७
# Kayachikitsa: कायचिकित्सा । (Internal Medicine for systemic diseases caused due to disturbances in Agni)
: अथास्य प्रत्यङ्गलक्षणसमासः तत्र शल्यं नाम विविधतृणकाष्ठपाषाणपांशु-लोहलोष्टास्थिबालनख पूयास्रावदुष्टव्रणान्तर्गर्भ शल्योद्धरणार्थं यन्त्रशस्त्रक्षाराग्निप्रणिधानव्रणविनिश्चयार्थं च १/८
# Baala Chikitsa OR Koumarbhrutyatantram: बालचिकित्सा । कौमारभृत्यतन्त्रम् । (Treatment of neonates, infants and children like Paediatrics)
: शालाक्यं नामोर्ध्वजत्रुगतानां श्रवणनयनवदनघ्राणादिसंश्रितानां व्याधीनामुपशमनार्थम् २/८
# Graha Chikitsa OR Bhootavidyaa : ग्रहचिकित्सा । भूतविद्या । (Demonology / Psychology)
: कायचिकित्सा नाम सर्वाङ्गसंश्रितानां व्याधीनां ज्वररक्तपित्तशोषोन्मादापस्मारकुष्ठमेहातिसारादीनामुपशमनार्थम् ३/८
# Urdhvaanga Chikitsa: उर्ध्वाङ्चिकित्सा। (Treatment of disease occurring in head and neck)
: भूतविद्या नाम देवासुरगन्धर्वयक्षरक्षः पितृपिशाचनागग्रहाद्युपसृष्टचेतसां शान्तिकर्मबलिहरणादिग्रहोपशमनार्थम् ४
# Shalya Chikitsa: शल्यचिकित्सा। (Surgical procedures involving use of blunt and sharp instruments, fire, Kshara and bloodletting)
: कौमारभृत्यं नाम कुमारभरणधात्रीक्षीरदोषसंशोधनार्थंदुष्टस्तन्यग्रहसमुत्थानां च व्याधीनामुपशमनार्थम् ५
# Damstra Chikitsa OR Agadatantra: दन्ष्ट्राचिकित्सा । अगदतन्त्रम् । (similar to Toxicology)
: अगदतन्त्रं नाम सर्पकीटलूतामूषकादिदष्टविषव्यञ्जनार्थं विविधविषसंयोगोपशमनार्थं च ६
# Jara Chikitsa OR Rasayanatantra: जराचिकित्सा । रसायनतन्त्रम् । (Geriatrics, Rejuvenation)
: रसायनतन्त्रं नाम वयःस्थापनमायुर्मेधा वलकरं रोगापहरणसमर्थं च ७
# Vrsha Chikitsa OR Vjikaranatantra: वृषचिकित्सा । वाजीकरणम् । (Aphrodisiac therapy, treatments assisting natural conception and fertility)
<blockquote>कायबाल्ग्रहोर्ध्वान्गशल्य्दंष्ट्राजरावॄषैः। (a.h s. 1/ )</blockquote><blockquote>यद्यथा शल्यं शालाक्यं कायचिकित्सा भूतविद्या कौमारभृत्यम् अगदतन्त्रं रसायनतन्त्रं वाजीकरणतन्त्रमिति (su.soo. 1/ 7)</blockquote>
Ayurveda has 8 branches in it. They are called ashta angaha of Ayurveda. They are-
=== Kayachikitsa: कायचिकित्सा । (Internal Medicine for systemic diseases caused due to disturbances in Agni) ===
This branch is commonly co related with internal medicine. However the term Kayachikitsa literally means the treatment of Agni (Unique entity in Ayurveda responsible for digestion and metabolism). It is believed that imbalances in Agni are the main culprit for development of almost all the diseases. These imbalances can be managed using various medicines administered orally, dietary regimens, lifestyle changes and other important methods including Panchakarma. Hence Kayachikitsa is the branch of Ayurveda that deals with management of systemic disorders caused due to imbalances of Agni.
=== Baala Chikitsa OR Koumarbhrutyatantram: बालचिकित्सा । कौमारभृत्यतन्त्रम् । (Treatment of neonates, infants and children like Paediatrics) ===
This branch includes knowledge of treating diseases occurring in neonates, infants and children. Diseases in this age group are considered to be caused by imbalances in nutrition, contaminated breast milk from feeding mother and sometimes some unknown factors or evil forces known as Graha. Causes, Clinical manifestations and methods to treat these diseases can be found in Kaumarbhrutya which is also known as Balachikitsa.
=== Graha Chikitsa OR Bhootavidyaa : ग्रहचिकित्सा । भूतविद्या । (Demonology / Psychology) ===
This branch focuses on management of various diseases caused due to unknown etiological factors which might include ill spirits, demons, astrological factors etc. these factors primely affect Chetas / Mind. Hence this branch offers knowledge of methods to fight psychological and psycho-somatic diseases. It includes mention of various Shantikarmas, Mantras etc.
=== Urdhvaanga Chikitsa or Shalakyatantra: उर्ध्वाङ्चिकित्सा। शालाक्यतन्त्रम्। (Treatment of disease occurring in head and neck) ===
It involves treatment of diseases occurring in head and neck. Includes diseases of Ear, Eyes, Oral cavity, Nose etc. Shalakya is the term derived from the name of instrument 'Shalaka' appearing like a probe. Since most of the procedures performed in head and neck region involve use of this instrument. The entire branch is named after it.
=== Shalya Chikitsa: शल्यचिकित्सा। (Surgical procedures involving use of blunt and sharp instruments, fire, Kshara and bloodletting) ===
Commonly known as Surgery. It involves the knowledge of various procedures performed using various types of blunt and sharp instruments, Ksharas (Alkaline Ash like substances), fire and various local treatments for wound healing.
=== Damstra Chikitsa OR Agadatantra: दन्ष्ट्राचिकित्सा । अगदतन्त्रम् । (similar to Toxicology) ===
Agadatantra is a very well-developed branch in Ayurveda which deals with management of poisoning from various sources like snakes, insects, food combinations, natural and artificial poisons etc. It provides details of identification, causes, clinical manifestations and methods to eliminate the poison from body. Commonly referred as Toxicology in Ayurveda.
=== Jara Chikitsa OR Rasayanatantra: जराचिकित्सा । रसायनतन्त्रम् । (Geriatrics, Rejuvenation) ===
Rasayana tantra is a speciality of Ayurveda. It is also known as Jarachikitsa. Various methods to prevent premature ageing, achieve longevity (by preventing diseases and preserving the health), increase the strength, endurance and immunity are discussed under this branch of Ayurveda. The word ‘Jara’ means Ageing or senility. Thus, Jarachikitsa also signifies the specialty treatments in Ayurveda for diseases occurring in old age. Therefore, this branch is commonly referred to as Geriatrics but its scope is not limited to the subject of Geriatrics.
=== Vrsha Chikitsa OR Vjikaranatantra: वृषचिकित्सा । वाजीकरणम् । (Aphrodisiac therapy, treatments assisting natural conception and fertility) ===
Vajikarana tantra is also known as Vrishachikitsa in Ayurveda. This stream of Ayurveda offers knowledge of methods to treat diseases related to reproduction. This involves use of medicines, diet, lifestyle modifications and psychotherapy to correct the imbalances that cause deficiency, impurity, insufficient production and dryness of Retas (Commonly known as Shukra, which is one of the 7 Dhatus of Purusha and is responsible for reproduction. Not equal to but similar to semen). It elaborates on the therapeutic measures for nourishment, fortification and enhancement of the quality and quantity of Shukra. Moreover, it also provides knowledge about methods to increase the libido and aphrodisiac agents.
It is extremely important to understand that, in Ayurveda, Sexual intercourse is considered for the purpose of reproduction. Therefore, this branch of Ayurveda is developed to correct the imbalances in the factors responsible for reproduction and generation of healthy progeny. This specialty deals with diseases of infertility resulting from unhealthy Shukra. It is not intended for enhancing the carnal pleasures like it is misinterpreted many times.
== References ==
== References ==