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#Shakta siddhanta

#Shakta siddhanta

=== Authorship ===

== Authorship and Chronology ==

The authorship of most Upanishads is uncertain and unknown. The various philosophical theories in the early Upanishads have been attributed to famous seers such as Yajnavalkya, Uddalaka Aruni, Shvetaketu, Shandilya, Aitareya, Balaki, Pippalada and Sanatkumara.<ref name=":0">Mahadevan, T. M. P (1956), Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, ed., History of Philosophy Eastern and Western, George Allen & Unwin Ltd</ref> Women, such as Maitreyi and Gargi participated in the dialogues and are also credited in the early Upanishads.

The authorship of most Upanishads is uncertain and unknown. The various philosophical theories in the early Upanishads have been attributed to famous seers such as Yajnavalkya, Uddalaka Aruni, Shvetaketu, Shandilya, Aitareya, Balaki, Pippalada and Sanatkumara.<ref name=":0">Mahadevan, T. M. P (1956), Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, ed., History of Philosophy Eastern and Western, George Allen & Unwin Ltd</ref> Women, such as Maitreyi and Gargi participated in the dialogues and are also credited in the early Upanishads. Prasnopanishad is based on Prashna (questions) and Uttara (answer) format between gurus and shishyas, as such a number of rshis are mentioned in this Upanishad.  

There are exceptions to the anonymous tradition of the Upanishads and other Vedic literature. The Shvetashvatara Upanishad, for example, includes closing credits to ''Shvetashvatara'', and he is considered the author of the Upanishad.

There are exceptions to the anonymous tradition of the Upanishads and other Vedic literature. The Shvetashvatara Upanishad, for example, includes closing credits to ''Shvetashvatara'', and he is considered the author of the Upanishad.

==उपनिषद्विषयाः ॥ Upanishad Vishaya==

==उपनिषद्विषयाः ॥ Upanishad Vishaya==

The main subject of Upanishads is the discussion about Paramatmatattva. There are two kinds of Vidyas : Para (पराविद्या) and Apara (अपराविद्या). Of these Paravidya is supreme and is called Brahmavidya (ब्रह्मविद्या). Upanishads present the detailed discussion about Paravidya. Aparavidya is primarily related to Karmas, hence called Karmavidya (कर्मविद्या). The fruits of Karmavidya are perishable while the results of Brahmavidya are indestructable. Aparavidya may not lead one to Moksha (may lead to svarga and other worlds) but Paravidya always gives Moksha.<ref name=":42222" /> The central concepts found in the Upanishads involve the following aspects that are the fundamental and unique values of Sanatana Dharma which have been guiding the Chitta (Manas) of people of Bharatavarsha. None of these concepts have ever been mentioned or used in any kind of ancient literatures in any other part of the world.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":22" /><ref name=":022">''Sanatana Dharma : An Advanced Textbook of Hindu Religion and Ethics''. (1903) Benares : The Board of Trustees, Central Hindu College</ref>

The main subject of Upanishads is the discussion about Paramatmatattva. There are two kinds of Vidyas : Para (पराविद्या) and Apara (अपराविद्या). Of these Paravidya is supreme and is called Brahmavidya (ब्रह्मविद्या). Upanishads present the detailed discussion about Paravidya. Aparavidya is primarily related to Karmas, hence called Karmavidya (कर्मविद्या). The fruits of Karmavidya are perishable while the results of Brahmavidya are indestructable. Aparavidya may not lead one to Moksha (may lead to svarga and other worlds) but Paravidya always gives Moksha.<ref name=":42222" /> The central concepts found in the Upanishads involve the following aspects that are the fundamental and unique values of Sanatana Dharma which have been guiding the Chitta (Manas) of people of Bharatavarsha from ages. None of these concepts have ever been mentioned or used in any kind of ancient literatures in any other part of the world.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":22" /><ref name=":022">''Sanatana Dharma : An Advanced Textbook of Hindu Religion and Ethics''. (1903) Benares : The Board of Trustees, Central Hindu College</ref>

==== Unmanifested ====

==== Unmanifested ====

*माया ॥ Maya (Illusion), Shakti, Power, the Will, of Ishvara.

*माया ॥ Maya (Illusion), Shakti, Power, the Will, of Ishvara.

*जीवः ॥ Jiva (Embodiment of Atman), The Many, arising from Mulaprkriti.

*जीवः ॥ Jiva (Embodiment of Atman), The Many, arising from Mulaprkriti.

*सर्गः ॥ Sarga (Origin of Srshti (सृष्टिः)<ref name=":022" />

*सर्गः ॥ Sarga (Origin of Srshti (सृष्टिः)

*ज्ञानम् ॥ Jnana (Knowledge)

*ज्ञानम् ॥ Jnana (Knowledge that Unity and Self are not separate)

*अविद्या ॥ Avidya (Ignorance)

*अविद्या ॥ Avidya (Ignorance)

*मोक्षम् ॥ Moksha (The Paramapurushartha)

*मोक्षम् ॥ Moksha (The Paramapurushartha)