Changes

All the ancient Indian philosophical schools , namely the Shad Darsanas (Nyaya, Vaiseshika, Samkhya, Yoga, Mimamsa (Purva Mimamsa) and Vedanta (also known as Uttara Mimamsa)) sprang up out of an urge for enquiry into the real state of things (Tatvajignasa).

Shad Pramanas (Samskrit: षड्प्रमाणाः) comprise the six pramanas accepted variously in the ancient astika darshanas, the [[Shad Darshanas (षड्दर्शनानि)|Shad Darsanas]] (Nyaya, Vaiseshika, Samkhya, Yoga, Mimamsa (Purva Mimamsa) and Vedanta (also known as Uttara Mimamsa)).  

== Dasa Pramanas ==

== दशप्रमाणाः Dasa Pramanas ==

There are ten kinds of Pramanas, but in the matter of recognizing different pramanas, different schools of Indian Philosophy adopted divergent schemes. The number of pramanas accepted by them vary from one to eight.

There are ten kinds of Pramanas, but in the matter of recognizing different pramanas, different schools of Indian Philosophy adopted divergent schemes. The number of pramanas accepted by them vary from one to eight.

* Charvakas accept pratyaksha pramana (perception) only as a single means of knowledge.

* Charvakas accept pratyaksha pramana (perception) only as a single means of knowledge.

* A few other thinkers accept, along with these 9, pratibha (vivid imagination) as a source of knowledge.  

* A few other thinkers accept, along with these 9, pratibha (vivid imagination) as a source of knowledge.  

== Different views of Pramana ==

== Pramanas in Astika Darshana ==

It is generally admitted by all the schools of philosophy that pramaa is the true knowledge and pramaana is the source of such knowledge. However, difference of opinions exist as to the the nature of the truth which each of them claims for its pramaana.

It is generally admitted by all the schools of philosophy that pramaa is the true knowledge and pramaana is the source of such knowledge. However, difference of opinions exist as to the the nature of the truth which each of them claims for its pramaana.

=== Nyaya Dristikona ===

=== Nyaya Dristikona ===

According to them, pramana is the unique operative cause (kaarana) of pramaa or right knowledge.  It is the complex of specific conditions or causes (karana), other than the subject and the object, which invariably produces valid knowledge.     

According to Nyaya darshana, pramana is the unique operative cause (kaarana) of pramaa or right knowledge.  It is the complex of specific conditions or causes (karana), other than the subject and the object, which invariably produces valid knowledge.     

 

=== Mimaamsa Drishtikona ===

=== Mimaamsa Drishtikona ===