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Therefore, in the bharatiya parampara a guest is equal to the supreme deity and hence, the behaviour towards a guest is of atmost importance and is considered a yajna.  

Therefore, in the bharatiya parampara a guest is equal to the supreme deity and hence, the behaviour towards a guest is of atmost importance and is considered a yajna.  

====आतिथ्याधिकारी ॥ Who is entitled to hospitality ?====

==आतिथ्याधिकारी ॥ Who is entitled to hospitality ?==

*A Brahmana who stays one night only is declared to be a guest (atithi). Because he doesn't stay long (anitya), he is called atithi (a guest).<ref name=":1">Pt. Sri Rama Ramanuja Acharya, [http://www.srimatham.com/uploads/5/5/4/9/5549439/manu_for_modern_times.pdf The Laws of Manu for the 21st Century], srimatham.com</ref><blockquote>एकरात्रं तु निवसन्नतिथिर्ब्राह्मणः स्मृतः । अनित्यं हि स्थितो यस्मात्तस्मादतिथिरुच्यते । । ३.१०२ । ।<ref name=":0">Manusmrti, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%83/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83 Adhyaya 3]</ref></blockquote><blockquote>ekarātraṁ tu nivasannatithirbrāhmaṇaḥ smr̥taḥ । anityaṁ hi sthito yasmāttasmādatithirucyate । । 3.102 । ।</blockquote>

*A Brahmana who stays one night only is declared to be a guest (atithi). Because he doesn't stay long (anitya), he is called atithi (a guest).<ref name=":1">Pt. Sri Rama Ramanuja Acharya, [http://www.srimatham.com/uploads/5/5/4/9/5549439/manu_for_modern_times.pdf The Laws of Manu for the 21st Century], srimatham.com</ref><blockquote>एकरात्रं तु निवसन्नतिथिर्ब्राह्मणः स्मृतः । अनित्यं हि स्थितो यस्मात्तस्मादतिथिरुच्यते । । ३.१०२ । ।<ref name=":0">Manusmrti, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%83/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83 Adhyaya 3]</ref></blockquote><blockquote>ekarātraṁ tu nivasannatithirbrāhmaṇaḥ smr̥taḥ । anityaṁ hi sthito yasmāttasmādatithirucyate । । 3.102 । ।</blockquote>

*A Kshatriya, Vaishya, Shudra, personal friend, relative or a teacher who comes to the house of a Brahmana is not called as guest (atithi). However, if a Kshatriya comes to the house of a Brahmana in the manner of a guest, the house-holder may feed him according to his desire, after the above-mentioned Brahmanas (guests) have eaten.<ref name=":2">Pt. Girija Prasad Dvivedi (1917), [https://archive.org/details/ManusmrtiHindiTranslationGirijaPrasadDvivediNavalKishore The Manusmriti], Lucknow: Naval Kishore Press.</ref>Even to others, personal friends and so forth, who have come to visit out of affection, one may give food, garnished (with seasoning) according to one's ability, at the same time that the family dine together. (Manu 3.110, 111, 113)<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>न ब्राह्मणस्य त्वतिथिर्गृहे राजन्य उच्यते । वैश्यशूद्रौ सखा चैव ज्ञातयो गुरुरेव च । । ३.११० । ।</blockquote><blockquote>यदि त्वतिथिधर्मेण क्षत्रियो गृहं आव्रजेत् । भुक्तवत्सु च विप्रेषु कामं तं अपि भोजयेत् । । ३.१११ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>इतरानपि सख्यादीन्सम्प्रीत्या गृहं आगतान् । प्रकृत्यान्नं यथाशक्ति भोजयेत्सह भार्यया । । ३.११३ । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>na brāhmaṇasya tvatithirgr̥he rājanya ucyate । vaiśyaśūdrau sakhā caiva jñātayo gurureva ca । । 3.110 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>yadi tvatithidharmeṇa kṣatriyo gr̥haṁ āvrajet । bhuktavatsu ca vipreṣu kāmaṁ taṁ api bhojayet । । 3.111 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>itarānapi sakhyādīnsamprītyā gr̥haṁ āgatān । prakr̥tyānnaṁ yathāśakti bhojayetsaha bhāryayā । । 3.113 । ।</blockquote>

*A Kshatriya, Vaishya, Shudra, personal friend, relative or a teacher who comes to the house of a Brahmana is not called as guest (atithi). However, if a Kshatriya comes to the house of a Brahmana in the manner of a guest, the house-holder may feed him according to his desire, after the above-mentioned Brahmanas (guests) have eaten.<ref name=":2">Pt. Girija Prasad Dvivedi (1917), [https://archive.org/details/ManusmrtiHindiTranslationGirijaPrasadDvivediNavalKishore The Manusmriti], Lucknow: Naval Kishore Press.</ref>Even to others, personal friends and so forth, who have come to visit out of affection, one may give food, garnished (with seasoning) according to one's ability, at the same time that the family dine together. (Manu 3.110, 111, 113)<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>न ब्राह्मणस्य त्वतिथिर्गृहे राजन्य उच्यते । वैश्यशूद्रौ सखा चैव ज्ञातयो गुरुरेव च । । ३.११० । ।</blockquote><blockquote>यदि त्वतिथिधर्मेण क्षत्रियो गृहं आव्रजेत् । भुक्तवत्सु च विप्रेषु कामं तं अपि भोजयेत् । । ३.१११ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>इतरानपि सख्यादीन्सम्प्रीत्या गृहं आगतान् । प्रकृत्यान्नं यथाशक्ति भोजयेत्सह भार्यया । । ३.११३ । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>na brāhmaṇasya tvatithirgr̥he rājanya ucyate । vaiśyaśūdrau sakhā caiva jñātayo gurureva ca । । 3.110 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>yadi tvatithidharmeṇa kṣatriyo gr̥haṁ āvrajet । bhuktavatsu ca vipreṣu kāmaṁ taṁ api bhojayet । । 3.111 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>itarānapi sakhyādīnsamprītyā gr̥haṁ āgatān । prakr̥tyānnaṁ yathāśakti bhojayetsaha bhāryayā । । 3.113 । ।</blockquote>

*If a king, priest, snataka, teacher, close person, father-in-law or maternal uncle, come after a full year since their last visit, they should be honoured with the honey-mixture (Madhuparka). A king and a shrotriya (knower of the vedas), who come on the occasion of a sacrifice, must be honoured with the honey-mixture (even if they arrive within the lapse of one year). If not, they need not be honoured.<ref name=":2" /><blockquote>राजर्त्विक्स्नातकगुरून्प्रियश्वशुरमातुलान् । अर्हयेन्मधुपर्केण परिसंवत्सरात्पुनः । । ३.११९ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>राजा च श्रोत्रियश्चैव यज्ञकर्मण्युपस्थितौ । मधुपर्केण संपूज्यौ न त्वयज्ञ इति स्थितिः । । ३.१२० । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>rājartviksnātakagurūnpriyaśvaśuramātulān । arhayenmadhuparkeṇa parisaṁvatsarātpunaḥ । । 3.119 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>rājā ca śrotriyaścaiva yajñakarmaṇyupasthitau । madhuparkeṇa saṁpūjyau na tvayajña iti sthitiḥ । । 3.120 । ।</blockquote>

*If a king, priest, snataka, teacher, close person, father-in-law or maternal uncle, come after a full year since their last visit, they should be honoured with the honey-mixture (Madhuparka). A king and a shrotriya (knower of the vedas), who come on the occasion of a sacrifice, must be honoured with the honey-mixture (even if they arrive within the lapse of one year). If not, they need not be honoured.<ref name=":2" /><blockquote>राजर्त्विक्स्नातकगुरून्प्रियश्वशुरमातुलान् । अर्हयेन्मधुपर्केण परिसंवत्सरात्पुनः । । ३.११९ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>राजा च श्रोत्रियश्चैव यज्ञकर्मण्युपस्थितौ । मधुपर्केण संपूज्यौ न त्वयज्ञ इति स्थितिः । । ३.१२० । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>rājartviksnātakagurūnpriyaśvaśuramātulān । arhayenmadhuparkeṇa parisaṁvatsarātpunaḥ । । 3.119 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>rājā ca śrotriyaścaiva yajñakarmaṇyupasthitau । madhuparkeṇa saṁpūjyau na tvayajña iti sthitiḥ । । 3.120 । ।</blockquote>

====दानवस्तूनि ॥ Offerings to a guest====

==दानवस्तूनि ॥ Offerings to a guest==

According to Manusmrti, the offerings that one should make to a guest include,

According to Manusmrti, the offerings that one should make to a guest include,

*Asana (आसनम् | a seat to sit)

*Asana (आसनम् | a seat to sit)

But even when there is no food to offer, there are four things, namely, grass (for seat), earth (for resting), water, and a kind word that never fail in the houses of good men.<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>तृणानि भूमिरुदकं वाक्चतुर्थी च सूनृता । एतान्यपि सतां गेहे नोच्छिद्यन्ते कदा चन । । ३.१०१ । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>tr̥ṇāni bhūmirudakaṁ vākcaturthī ca sūnr̥tā । etānyapi satāṁ gehe nocchidyante kadā cana । । 3.101 । ।</blockquote>

But even when there is no food to offer, there are four things, namely, grass (for seat), earth (for resting), water, and a kind word that never fail in the houses of good men.<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>तृणानि भूमिरुदकं वाक्चतुर्थी च सूनृता । एतान्यपि सतां गेहे नोच्छिद्यन्ते कदा चन । । ३.१०१ । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>tr̥ṇāni bhūmirudakaṁ vākcaturthī ca sūnr̥tā । etānyapi satāṁ gehe nocchidyante kadā cana । । 3.101 । ।</blockquote>

====आतिथ्यधर्माः ॥ Principles of hospitality====

==आतिथ्यधर्माः ॥ Principles of hospitality==

*A guest who is sent by the (setting) sun in the evening, must never be turned away by a householder; whether he happens to arrive at (supper) time or at an inopportune moment, he must not stay in the house without hospitality.<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>अप्रणोद्योऽतिथिः सायं सूर्योढो गृहमेधिना । काले प्राप्तस्त्वकाले वा नास्यानश्नन्गृहे वसेत् । । ३.१०५ । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>apraṇodyo'tithiḥ sāyaṁ sūryoḍho gr̥hamedhinā । kāle prāptastvakāle vā nāsyānaśnangr̥he vaset । । 3.105 । ।</blockquote>

*A guest who is sent by the (setting) sun in the evening, must never be turned away by a householder; whether he happens to arrive at (supper) time or at an inopportune moment, he must not stay in the house without hospitality.<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>अप्रणोद्योऽतिथिः सायं सूर्योढो गृहमेधिना । काले प्राप्तस्त्वकाले वा नास्यानश्नन्गृहे वसेत् । । ३.१०५ । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>apraṇodyo'tithiḥ sāyaṁ sūryoḍho gr̥hamedhinā । kāle prāptastvakāle vā nāsyānaśnangr̥he vaset । । 3.105 । ।</blockquote>

*If a guest arrives after the Vaishvadeva offering has been finished, the householder must make food and give him and not from the Bali offering.<ref name=":2" /><blockquote>वैश्वदेवे तु निर्वृत्ते यद्यन्योऽतिथिराव्रजेत् । तस्याप्यन्नं यथाशक्ति प्रदद्यान्न बलिं हरेत् । । ३.१०८ । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>vaiśvadeve tu nirvr̥tte yadyanyo'tithirāvrajet । tasyāpyannaṁ yathāśakti pradadyānna baliṁ haret । । 3.108 । ।</blockquote>

*If a guest arrives after the Vaishvadeva offering has been finished, the householder must make food and give him and not from the Bali offering.<ref name=":2" /><blockquote>वैश्वदेवे तु निर्वृत्ते यद्यन्योऽतिथिराव्रजेत् । तस्याप्यन्नं यथाशक्ति प्रदद्यान्न बलिं हरेत् । । ३.१०८ । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>vaiśvadeve tu nirvr̥tte yadyanyo'tithirāvrajet । tasyāpyannaṁ yathāśakti pradadyānna baliṁ haret । । 3.108 । ।</blockquote>

*After venerable people, family, and the servants have dined, the householder and his wife may afterwards eat what remains.<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>भुक्तवत्स्वथ विप्रेषु स्वेषु भृत्येषु चैव हि । भुञ्जीयातां ततः पश्चादवशिष्टं तु दम्पती । । ३.११६ । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>bhuktavatsvatha vipreṣu sveṣu bhr̥tyeṣu caiva hi । bhuñjīyātāṁ tataḥ paścādavaśiṣṭaṁ tu dampatī । । 3.116 । ।</blockquote>

*After venerable people, family, and the servants have dined, the householder and his wife may afterwards eat what remains.<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>भुक्तवत्स्वथ विप्रेषु स्वेषु भृत्येषु चैव हि । भुञ्जीयातां ततः पश्चादवशिष्टं तु दम्पती । । ३.११६ । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>bhuktavatsvatha vipreṣu sveṣu bhr̥tyeṣu caiva hi । bhuñjīyātāṁ tataḥ paścādavaśiṣṭaṁ tu dampatī । । 3.116 । ।</blockquote>

*One should never eat any (tasty) food which is not offered to the guest. Hospitable reception of guests procures wealth, fame, long life, and heavenly bliss.<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>न वै स्वयं तदश्नीयादतिथिं यन्न भोजयेत् । धन्यं यशस्यं आयुष्यं स्वर्ग्यं वातिथिपूजनम् । । ३.१०६ । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>na vai svayaṁ tadaśnīyādatithiṁ yanna bhojayet । dhanyaṁ yaśasyaṁ āyuṣyaṁ svargyaṁ vātithipūjanam । । 3.106 । ।</blockquote>

*One should never eat any (tasty) food which is not offered to the guest. Hospitable reception of guests procures wealth, fame, long life, and heavenly bliss.<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>न वै स्वयं तदश्नीयादतिथिं यन्न भोजयेत् । धन्यं यशस्यं आयुष्यं स्वर्ग्यं वातिथिपूजनम् । । ३.१०६ । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>na vai svayaṁ tadaśnīyādatithiṁ yanna bhojayet । dhanyaṁ yaśasyaṁ āyuṣyaṁ svargyaṁ vātithipūjanam । । 3.106 । ।</blockquote>

====अतिथिनिरादरफलम् ॥ Fruit of disrespecting a guest====

==अतिथिनिरादरफलम् ॥ Fruit of disrespecting a guest==

According to Manusmrti, if a guest is not honoured, he takes away all the spiritual merit (punya) even of a man who subsists by agriculture and offers oblations in five fires.<ref name=":2" /><blockquote>शिलानप्युञ्छतो नित्यं पञ्चाग्नीनपि जुह्वतः । सर्वं सुकृतं आदत्ते ब्राह्मणोऽनर्चितो वसन् । । ३.१०० । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>śilānapyuñchato nityaṁ pañcāgnīnapi juhvataḥ । sarvaṁ sukr̥taṁ ādatte brāhmaṇo'narcito vasan । । 3.100 । ।</blockquote>

According to Manusmrti, if a guest is not honoured, he takes away all the spiritual merit (punya) even of a man who subsists by agriculture and offers oblations in five fires.<ref name=":2" /><blockquote>शिलानप्युञ्छतो नित्यं पञ्चाग्नीनपि जुह्वतः । सर्वं सुकृतं आदत्ते ब्राह्मणोऽनर्चितो वसन् । । ३.१०० । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>śilānapyuñchato nityaṁ pañcāgnīnapi juhvataḥ । sarvaṁ sukr̥taṁ ādatte brāhmaṇo'narcito vasan । । 3.100 । ।</blockquote>

== References ==

== References ==