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=== योगम् ॥ Yoga Darshana ===

=== योगम् ॥ Yoga Darshana ===

Yoga darshana does not explicitly discuss about the manifestation of Purusha in all beings (as seen in Samkhya) but discreetly points to plurality of Purusha, through the usage of the terms in plural tense as seen in the following sutras of Patanjali maharshi.<blockquote>क्लेशकर्मविपाकाशयैरपरामृष्टः पुरुषविशेष ईश्वरः ॥२४॥ kleśakarmavipākāśayairaparāmr̥ṣṭaḥ puruṣaviśeṣa īśvaraḥ ॥24॥(Yoga. Vyas. Bhas. 1.24)<ref name=":0">Patanjali Yoga Darshana With Vyasa Bhashya ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%9E%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D_-_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%A7 Samadhi Pada 1])</ref></blockquote>Vyasabhasyam to Patanjali sutras clearly explains the plurality through the usage of '''केवलिनः (plural for केवली)''' or मुक्त पुरुषः । Mukta Purusha (person free from bondage, a jivanmukta). कैवल्यं प्राप्तास्तर्हि सन्ति च बहवः केवलिनः। Many are those केवली । Kevali-s or mukta purushas who attained Kaivalya (कैवल्य को प्राप्त किए हुए अनेक 'केवली' अर्थात मुक्त पुरुष हैं).<blockquote>निरतिशयं तत्र सर्वज्ञत्वबीजम् ॥२५॥ niratiśayaṁ tatra sarvajñatvabījam ॥25॥ (Yoga. Vyas. Bhas. 1.25)<ref name=":0" /></blockquote>Vyasabhashyam explanation of the sutra 25 : ज्ञानधर्मोपदेशेन कल्पप्रलयमहाप्रलयेषु संसारिणः पुरुषानुद्धरिष्यामीति । By imparting jnana and dharma I (Ishvara) will elevate the '''संसारिणः पुरुषान् । beings (Purushas) engaged in worldly activities,''' at the time of Pralaya (kalpa and mahapralaya). (ज्ञान और धर्म के उपदेश के द्वारा कल्प प्रलय और महा प्रलय में संसारी पुरुषों का उद्धार करूं।)<blockquote>स पूर्वेषामपि गुरुः कालेनानवच्छेदात॥२६॥ sa pūrveṣāmapi guruḥ kālenānavacchedāta॥26॥ (Yoga. Vyas. Bhas. 1.26)<ref name=":0" /></blockquote>Further explanation is given as स एष पूर्वेषामपि गुरुः । He (Ishvara) is the preceptor of all gurus as He is eternal and undeterred by the progress of time.(वह ईश्वर पूर्व सभी गुरुओं का गुरु है काल के प्रवाह में विच्छिन्न न होने से।)

Yoga darshana does not explicitly discuss about the manifestation of Purusha in all beings (as seen in Samkhya) but discreetly points to plurality of Purusha, through the usage of the terms in plural tense as seen in the following sutras of Patanjali maharshi.<blockquote>क्लेशकर्मविपाकाशयैरपरामृष्टः पुरुषविशेष ईश्वरः ॥२४॥ kleśakarmavipākāśayairaparāmr̥ṣṭaḥ puruṣaviśeṣa īśvaraḥ ॥24॥(Yoga. Vyas. Bhas. 1.24)<ref name=":0">Patanjali Yoga Darshana With Vyasa Bhashya ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%9E%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D_-_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%A7 Samadhi Pada 1])</ref></blockquote>Vyasabhasyam to Patanjali sutras clearly explains the plurality through the usage of '''केवलिनः (plural for केवली)''' or मुक्त पुरुषः । Mukta Purusha (person free from bondage, a jivanmukta). कैवल्यं प्राप्तास्तर्हि सन्ति च बहवः केवलिनः। Many are those केवली । Kevali-s or mukta purushas who attained Kaivalya (कैवल्य को प्राप्त किए हुए अनेक 'केवली' अर्थात मुक्त पुरुष हैं).<blockquote>निरतिशयं तत्र सर्वज्ञत्वबीजम् ॥२५॥ niratiśayaṁ tatra sarvajñatvabījam ॥25॥ (Yoga. Vyas. Bhas. 1.25)<ref name=":0" /></blockquote>Vyasabhashyam explanation of the sutra 25 : ज्ञानधर्मोपदेशेन कल्पप्रलयमहाप्रलयेषु संसारिणः पुरुषानुद्धरिष्यामीति । By imparting jnana and dharma I (Ishvara) will elevate the '''संसारिणः पुरुषान् । beings (Purushas) engaged in worldly activities,''' at the time of Pralaya (kalpa and mahapralaya). (ज्ञान और धर्म के उपदेश के द्वारा कल्प प्रलय और महा प्रलय में संसारी पुरुषों का उद्धार करूं।)<blockquote>स पूर्वेषामपि गुरुः कालेनानवच्छेदात॥२६॥ sa pūrveṣāmapi guruḥ kālenānavacchedāta॥26॥ (Yoga. Vyas. Bhas. 1.26)<ref name=":0" /></blockquote>Further explanation is given as स एष पूर्वेषामपि गुरुः । He (Ishvara) is the preceptor of all gurus as He is eternal and undeterred by the progress of time.(वह ईश्वर पूर्व सभी गुरुओं का गुरु है काल के प्रवाह में विच्छिन्न न होने से।)

== References ==

== References ==