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10. Samagaan is the best way to praise and please deities. Music sung with a pure heart attracts all divine entities. That is why it is said in Rigveda that one should sing with a pure heart.
10. Samagaan is the best way to praise and please deities. Music sung with a pure heart attracts all divine entities. That is why it is said in Rigveda that one should sing with a pure heart.
== Nature of Samaveda ==
== Characteristics of Samaveda ==
Samveda has two main parts: (1) पूर्वार्चिक । Purvarchika, (2) उत्तरार्चिक । Uttararchika. The literal meaning of 'आर्चिक ।Archika' is - a group or collection of Richas.
Samveda has two main parts: (1) पूर्वार्चिक । Purvarchika, (2) उत्तरार्चिक । Uttararchika. The literal meaning of 'आर्चिक ।Archika' is - a group or collection of Richas.
=== (2) उत्तरार्चिक॥ Uttararchika ===
=== (2) उत्तरार्चिक॥ Uttararchika ===
It has 21 Adhyayas (or 9 prapathakas) and the number of mantras is 1225. There are a total of 400 Suktas in Uttararchika. Of these 287 suktas, each contains a group of three mantras. 66 have two mantras each and the remaining 47 hymns have groups of mantras from 1 to 12.
It has 21 Adhyayas (or 9 prapathakas) and the number of mantras is 1225. There are a total of 400 Suktas in Uttararchika.
=== Number of Mantras ===
Total number of mantras in Purvarchika (640) and Uttararchika (1225) put together are 1875. Of these 1771 mantras are from Rigveda, thus Samaveda is said to have only 104 mantras that are unique to it. Most of the mantras in the Samaveda taken from the Rigveda are from mandalas 8 and 9. Apart from them, 237 mantras are taken from the first mandala and 110 mantras from the tenth mandala.<ref name=":0" />
=== Samaveda as an Independent Veda ===
Samaveda is the Veda predominantly of chanting. Therefore, the Saman must be lyrical 'gitishu samakhya' (Mimansa Sutra 2.1.36).<ref name=":0" />
Sama includes lyrical mantras, that is, the singing of the Richas in some specific way. Rigveda and Samaveda are interdependent but not exactly the same Veda.
On the occasion of [[Shrauta Yajnas (श्रौतयज्ञाः)|Shrauta Yajnas]], the Sama mantras were sung by the Udgaata. The same Ganaparaka mantras are compiled in the Samhita. It is called "Samveda Samhita" or "Samveda" It became very popular as it was useful for chanting the Vedas.
== Shakas of Samaveda ==
It is said that many branches of Samaveda existed in ancient times. Maharishi Patanjali has mentioned 1000 branches of Samaveda <nowiki>''</nowiki>सहस्रवर्त्मा सामवेदः । Sahasravarma Samavedah "(Mahabhashya Paspashahnika).<ref name=":0" />
At present only three branches of Samaveda are available
# कौथुम । Kauthuma
# जैमिनी । Jaimini
# राणायन । Ranayana.
These three branches are prevalent in the states of Gujarat, Karnataka and Maharashtra respectively The Kauthumiya branch is the most popular of these.
The Kauthumiya branch is almost identical to the Ranayaniya branch. The order of the mantras in the Samhitas of these two branches is the same, only the method of calculation differs. Whereas in the Kauthumiya Samhita there is a division in the form of chapters, sections and mantras, in the Ranayana Samhita there is a division in the form of prapathakas, ardhaprapathakas and dashati. The Kauthum and Ranayana Samhitas contain 1875 mantras and the Jaimini Samhita contains 1687 mantras.
==References==
==References==