Changes

Samskrit literature abounds with hundreds of treatises pertaining to ancient Bharatiya Vijnana shastras of which more than half a dozen books provide us the information detailing how a scientific or methodical structure of a shastra is composed. Every shastra, irrespective of its subject matter, has been built using the principles of methodology of those shastra compositions, of which the teachers and students, the critics who expounded theoretical works on subjects, were required to be familiar with.  

Shastra rachanapaddhati (Samskrit : शास्त्ररचनापद्धतिः) means the methodology of composition of shastras. Samskrit literature abounds with hundreds of treatises pertaining to ancient Bharatiya Vijnana shastras of which more than half a dozen books provide us the detailed information outlining the devices or means for composition of a scientific or methodical structure of a shastra. Every Bharatiya shastra, irrespective of its subject matter, has been built using these principles of methodology, of which the teachers, students, and the critics who expounded theoretical works on those subjects, were required to be familiar with.

== परिचयः|| Introduction ==

== परिचयः|| Introduction ==

A number of devices relating to words, structures and meanings related to the composition of a shastra are described in authoritative and famous texts as given below,

Our ancient intellectuals had not only produced numerous shastras or monumental treatises on almost all branches of ज्ञान and विज्ञान (Knowledge and Science) but also envisaged a detailed and comprehensive methodology of composing theoretico-scientific treatises. While there exist a few differences in the methodology of composition of shastras and the modern day research dissertations, journal and paper presentations all kinds of scientific writings essentially have the same requisites, as recognized by scholars and researchers all over the world. In the Bharatavarsha, such intellectual efforts were known prior to Panini's composition of Ashtadhyayi, a highly evolved exposition. Many thinkers put in their efforts in enriching and refining the methodology, creating a number of devices relating to words, structures and meanings pertaining to the composition of a shastra described in their authoritative and famous texts as given below,

*Vishnudharmottara Purana, contains discussions on sundry topics like poetics, arts, sculpture

*Vishnudharmottara Purana, contains discussions on sundry topics like poetics, arts, sculpture

*Panini Maharshi's Ashtadhyayi, a world famous grammar treatise

*Panini Maharshi's Ashtadhyayi, a world famous grammar treatise

*Sushruta Samhita, a renowned work on surgery

*Sushruta Samhita, a renowned work on surgery

*Vagbhata's Ashtangasangraha and Ashtangahrdayam, books on Ayurveda

*Vagbhata's Ashtangasangraha and Ashtangahrdayam, books on Ayurveda

*Neelamegha's Tantrayuktivichara, a medical treatise

*Nilamegha's Tantrayuktivichara, a medical treatise

All these works, belonging to divergent disciplines, portray the depth of Indian thinkers, who looked at the scientific treatises from all possible angles, critically examined the various conceptual aspects of the scientific works along without neglecting the subtle aspects. The lesser known fact is that these great Indian thinkers after a thorough research, in-depth comprehensive study of the shastras available to them, formulated a methodology for building scientific theories having 95 constituents, namely

Apart from them Chakrapanidatta, Arunadatta, Indu were authors of methodology works of importance. All these works, belonging to divergent disciplines, portray the depth of Indian thinkers, who looked at the scientific treatises from all possible angles, critically examined the various conceptual aspects of the scientific works along without neglecting the subtle aspects. The lesser known fact is that these great Indian thinkers after a thorough research, in-depth comprehensive study of the shastras available to them, formulated a methodology for building scientific theories having 95 constituents, namely

*तन्त्रयुक्तयः (''tantrayuktayaḥ)'' ॥ 36 Tantrayuktis

*तन्त्रयुक्तयः (''tantrayuktayaḥ)'' ॥ 36 Tantrayuktis

*व्याख्यानि (''vyākhyāni)'' ॥ 15 Vyakhyas

*व्याख्यानि (''vyākhyāni)'' ॥ 15 Vyakhyas