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Vagambhrniya Sukta (Samskrit: वागाम्भृणीयसूक्तम्), also known as Devi Sukta or Ambhrni sukta, is the 125th sukta in the 10th mandala of the Rgveda. It consists of 8 verses and is dedicated to Vak (speech).<ref>Saraswati, Swami Niranjananda. ''Sannyasa Darshan A Treatise on Traditional and Contemporary Sannyasa''. Yoga Publications Trust, Munger, Bihar, India. 2005. p. 150.</ref>

Vagambhrniya Sukta (Samskrit: वागाम्भृणीयसूक्तम्), also known as Devi Sukta or Ambhrni sukta, is the 125th sukta in the 10th mandala of the [[Rigveda (ऋग्वेदः)|Rgveda]]. It consists of 8 verses and is dedicated to [[Vak (वाक्)|Vak]] (speech).<ref>Saraswati, Swami Niranjananda. ''Sannyasa Darshan A Treatise on Traditional and Contemporary Sannyasa''. Yoga Publications Trust, Munger, Bihar, India. 2005. p. 150.</ref>

== परिचयः ॥ Introduction ==

== परिचयः ॥ Introduction ==

== सारः ॥ Summary ==

== सारः ॥ Summary ==

The Vagambhrniya sukta of the Rgveda consisting of 8 rchas or verses is a cosmological sukta in trishtubh metre. Vak, the daughter of Rshi Ambhrna is the rshika of this sukta. Having experienced brahma-sakshatkara, and attaining self-realization as the Supreme being, the deity Vak here, herself expresses the experience of her all-pervasiveness in this sukta.<ref name=":1" />

The Vagambhrniya sukta of the Rgveda consisting of 8 rchas or verses is a cosmological sukta in trishtubh metre. Vak, the daughter of Rshi Ambhrna is the rshika of this sukta. Having experienced [[Brahman (ब्रह्मन्)|brahma]]-sakshatkara, and attaining self-realization as the Supreme being, the deity Vak here, herself expresses the experience of her all-pervasiveness in this sukta.<ref name=":1" />

The distinguishing aspect about this sukta is that it is one of the very few suktas in the Rgveda for which the Rshika and the devata are one and the same. Sayanacharya, in his commentary, states that Vagambhrni is Vak, the daughter of Rshi Ambhrna, a brahmavidushi ie. one who has realized Bṛahman. She has eulogized herself in this sukta. For, having dissolved her individuality or ego, she has identified herself with the Paramatman who is none other than the Devi, the all-pervasive sacchidananda ie. of the form of the indivisible Existence-Knowledge-Bliss-Absolute. Thus, with all the forms in the universe and the functionaries thereof, she has praised none but herself. Hence, she is the rshika of this sukta and also the devata.

The distinguishing aspect about this sukta is that it is one of the very few suktas in the Rgveda for which the Rshika and the devata are one and the same. [[Sayanacharya (सायणाचार्यः)|Sayanacharya]], in his commentary, states that Vagambhrni is Vak, the daughter of Rshi Ambhrna, a brahmavidushi ie. one who has realized Brahman. She has eulogized herself in this sukta. For, having dissolved her individuality or [[Ahamkara (अहंकारम्)|ego]], she has identified herself with the Paramatman who is none other than the Devi, the all-pervasive sacchidananda ie. of the form of the indivisible Existence-Knowledge-Bliss-Absolute. Thus, with all the forms in the universe and the functionaries thereof, she has praised none but herself. Hence, she is the rshika of this sukta and also the devata.

So, this sukta portrays the divine feminine, Vak, as the supreme origin, creative energy, and ultimate deity. She is the Supreme Power, governing various deities such as Vasu, Soma, Tvashta, the Rudras, and the Adityas while also being the source of treasures, sustainer of natural forces, and bestower of favors. It also conveys a profound, all-encompassing experience of the Self and highlights the ancient Vedic acknowledgment of women's enlightened consciousness. It encapsulates key monotheistic ideas and introduces the notion of the Divine Feminine as an immanent creative force forming the basis for Shaktism. In fact, the origins of Tantric Shaktism can also be traced to the Vagambhrni Sukta.<ref>Katherine Anne Harper & Robert L. Brown (2002), [https://archive.org/details/therootsoftantrasunykatherineanneharperandbrown_955_z/mode/2up?view=theater The Roots of Tantra], Albany: State University of New York Press.</ref>

So, this sukta portrays the divine feminine, Vak, as the supreme origin, creative energy, and ultimate deity. She is the Supreme Power, governing various deities such as Vasu, [[Soma (सोमः)|Soma]], Tvashta, the [[Rudra (रुद्रः)|Rudras]], and the [[Adityas (आदित्याः)|Adityas]] while also being the source of treasures, sustainer of natural forces, and bestower of favors. It also conveys a profound, all-encompassing experience of the Self and highlights the ancient Vedic acknowledgment of women's enlightened consciousness. It encapsulates key monotheistic ideas and introduces the notion of the Divine Feminine as an immanent creative force forming the basis for Shaktism. In fact, the origins of Tantric Shaktism can also be traced to the Vagambhrni Sukta.<ref>Katherine Anne Harper & Robert L. Brown (2002), [https://archive.org/details/therootsoftantrasunykatherineanneharperandbrown_955_z/mode/2up?view=theater The Roots of Tantra], Albany: State University of New York Press.</ref>

This sukta is recited as a part of Durga Saptashati and Devi Atharvashirsha.<ref name=":1">Harshada Sawarkar (2019), [https://marathivishwakosh.org/11908/ Vagambhruniya Sukta], Marathi Vishwakosh</ref>  

This sukta is recited as a part of Durga Saptashati and Devi Atharvashirsha.<ref name=":1">Harshada Sawarkar (2019), [https://marathivishwakosh.org/11908/ Vagambhruniya Sukta], Marathi Vishwakosh</ref>  

Vagambhrni is one of the few rshikas of the Rgveda. The Vagambhrniya sukta describes Vak as the creator of the universe and expresses the understanding that those who know Vak become one with Vak in tune with the notion, ब्रह्मविद् ब्रह्मैव भवति । brahmavid brahmaiva bhavati ।<ref name=":1" /> The text along with the meaning is as follows:  <blockquote>अहं रुद्रेभिर्वसुभिश्चराम्यहमादित्यैरुत विश्वदेवैः । अहं मित्रावरुणोभा बिभर्म्यहमिन्द्राग्नी अहमश्विनोभा ॥१॥<ref name=":2" />

Vagambhrni is one of the few rshikas of the Rgveda. The Vagambhrniya sukta describes Vak as the creator of the universe and expresses the understanding that those who know Vak become one with Vak in tune with the notion, ब्रह्मविद् ब्रह्मैव भवति । brahmavid brahmaiva bhavati ।<ref name=":1" /> The text along with the meaning is as follows:  <blockquote>अहं रुद्रेभिर्वसुभिश्चराम्यहमादित्यैरुत विश्वदेवैः । अहं मित्रावरुणोभा बिभर्म्यहमिन्द्राग्नी अहमश्विनोभा ॥१॥<ref name=":2" />

ahaṁ rudrebhirvasubhiścarāmyahamādityairuta viśvadevaiḥ । ahaṁ mitrāvaruṇobhā bibharmyahamindrāgnī ahamaśvinobhā ॥1॥</blockquote>Meaning: I move along with Rudras, the Vasus, the Adityas, also with the Vishvadevas. I hold both Mitra and Varuna, both Indra and Agni, and both the Ashvinas.<ref name=":0" /><blockquote>अहं सोममाहनसं बिभर्म्यहं त्वष्टारमुत पूषणं भगम् । अहं दधामि द्रविणं हविष्मते सुप्राव्ये यजमानाय सुन्वते ॥२॥<ref name=":2" />

ahaṁ rudrebhirvasubhiścarāmyahamādityairuta viśvadevaiḥ । ahaṁ mitrāvaruṇobhā bibharmyahamindrāgnī ahamaśvinobhā ॥1॥</blockquote>Meaning: I move along with Rudras, the Vasus, the Adityas, also with the [[Vishvedevas (विश्वेदेवाः)|Vishvadevas]]. I hold both Mitra and [[Varuna (वरुणः)|Varuna]], both [[Indra (इन्द्रः)|Indra]] and [[Agni (अग्निः)|Agni]], and both the [[Ashvini Kumaras (अश्विनीकुमारौ)|Ashvinas]].<ref name=":0" /><blockquote>अहं सोममाहनसं बिभर्म्यहं त्वष्टारमुत पूषणं भगम् । अहं दधामि द्रविणं हविष्मते सुप्राव्ये यजमानाय सुन्वते ॥२॥<ref name=":2" />

ahaṁ somamāhanasaṁ bibharmyahaṁ tvaṣṭāramuta pūṣaṇaṁ bhagam । ahaṁ dadhāmi draviṇaṁ haviṣmate suprāvye yajamānāya sunvate ॥2॥</blockquote>Meaning: I bear the pressed out Soma, also Tvashta, Pushan and Bhaga. I grant wealth to the possessor of oblation, to the mindful institutor of yajna and to the performer of Soma yajna.<ref name=":0" /><blockquote>अहं राष्ट्री संगमनी वसूनां चिकितुषी प्रथमा यज्ञियानाम् । तां मा देवा व्यदधुः पुरुत्रा भूरिस्थात्रां भूर्यावेशयन्तीम् ॥३॥<ref name=":2" />

ahaṁ somamāhanasaṁ bibharmyahaṁ tvaṣṭāramuta pūṣaṇaṁ bhagam । ahaṁ dadhāmi draviṇaṁ haviṣmate suprāvye yajamānāya sunvate ॥2॥</blockquote>Meaning: I bear the pressed out Soma, also Tvashta, Pushan and Bhaga. I grant wealth to the possessor of oblation, to the mindful institutor of [[Yajna (यज्ञः)|yajna]] and to the performer of Soma yajna.<ref name=":0" /><blockquote>अहं राष्ट्री संगमनी वसूनां चिकितुषी प्रथमा यज्ञियानाम् । तां मा देवा व्यदधुः पुरुत्रा भूरिस्थात्रां भूर्यावेशयन्तीम् ॥३॥<ref name=":2" />

ahaṁ rāṣṭrī saṁgamanī vasūnāṁ cikituṣī prathamā yajñiyānām । tāṁ mā devā vyadadhuḥ purutrā bhūristhātrāṁ bhūryāveśayantīm ॥3॥</blockquote>Meaning: I am the Queen, the gatherer of vasus (treasures), knower of Brahman, the first (chief) of the object of yajna (worship). The gods have dispersed me in many places, having many abodes, causing me to pervade (or overpower) many.<ref name=":0" /><blockquote>मया सो अन्नमत्ति यो विपश्यति यः प्राणिति य ईं शृणोत्युक्तम् । अमन्तवो मां त उप क्षियन्ति श्रुधि श्रुत श्रद्धिवं ते वदामि ॥४॥<ref name=":2" />

ahaṁ rāṣṭrī saṁgamanī vasūnāṁ cikituṣī prathamā yajñiyānām । tāṁ mā devā vyadadhuḥ purutrā bhūristhātrāṁ bhūryāveśayantīm ॥3॥</blockquote>Meaning: I am the Queen, the gatherer of vasus (treasures), knower of Brahman, the first (chief) of the object of yajna (worship). The deities have dispersed me in many places, having many abodes, causing me to pervade (or overpower) many.<ref name=":0" /><blockquote>मया सो अन्नमत्ति यो विपश्यति यः प्राणिति य ईं शृणोत्युक्तम् । अमन्तवो मां त उप क्षियन्ति श्रुधि श्रुत श्रद्धिवं ते वदामि ॥४॥<ref name=":2" />

mayā so annamatti yo vipaśyati yaḥ prāṇiti ya īṁ śr̥ṇotyuktam । amantavo māṁ ta upa kṣiyanti śrudhi śruta śraddhivaṁ te vadāmi ॥4॥</blockquote>Meaning: He who eats food, he who sees, who breathes, who hears the spoken word does so through me alone. Those who do not know me or hold me in regard, perish. Hear me! he who is capable of hearing me! I speak to you the credible.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">Sripad Damodar Satavlekar (1985), Rigveda ka Subodh Bhashya ([https://vedicheritage.gov.in/flipbook/Rigveda_Subodh_Bhasya_Vol_IV/#book/531 Volume 4]), Pardi: Svadhyay Mandal.</ref><blockquote>अहमेव स्वयमिदं वदामि जुष्टं देवेभिरुत मानुषेभिः । यं कामये तंतमुग्रं कृणोमि तं ब्रह्माणं तमृषिं तं सुमेधाम् ॥५॥<ref name=":2" />

mayā so annamatti yo vipaśyati yaḥ prāṇiti ya īṁ śr̥ṇotyuktam । amantavo māṁ ta upa kṣiyanti śrudhi śruta śraddhivaṁ te vadāmi ॥4॥</blockquote>Meaning: He who eats food, he who sees, who breathes, who hears the spoken word does so through me alone. Those who do not know me or hold me in regard, perish. Hear me! he who is capable of hearing me! I speak to you the credible.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">Sripad Damodar Satavlekar (1985), Rigveda ka Subodh Bhashya ([https://vedicheritage.gov.in/flipbook/Rigveda_Subodh_Bhasya_Vol_IV/#book/531 Volume 4]), Pardi: Svadhyay Mandal.</ref><blockquote>अहमेव स्वयमिदं वदामि जुष्टं देवेभिरुत मानुषेभिः । यं कामये तंतमुग्रं कृणोमि तं ब्रह्माणं तमृषिं तं सुमेधाम् ॥५॥<ref name=":2" />

ahameva svayamidaṁ vadāmi juṣṭaṁ devebhiruta mānuṣebhiḥ । yaṁ kāmaye taṁtamugraṁ kr̥ṇomi taṁ brahmāṇaṁ tamr̥ṣiṁ taṁ sumedhām ॥5॥</blockquote>Meaning: I speak this myself, which is contemplated by both the deities and human beings alike, whomever I wish, I make him powerful, well versed in knowledge, a sage and a wise one.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /><blockquote>अहं रुद्राय धनुरा तनोमि ब्रह्मद्विषे शरवे हन्तवा उ । अहं जनाय समदं कृणोम्यहं द्यावापृथिवी आ विवेश ॥६॥<ref name=":2" />

ahameva svayamidaṁ vadāmi juṣṭaṁ devebhiruta mānuṣebhiḥ । yaṁ kāmaye taṁtamugraṁ kr̥ṇomi taṁ brahmāṇaṁ tamr̥ṣiṁ taṁ sumedhām ॥5॥</blockquote>Meaning: I speak this myself, which is contemplated by both the deities and human beings alike, whomever I wish, I make him powerful, well versed in knowledge, a sage and a wise one.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /><blockquote>अहं रुद्राय धनुरा तनोमि ब्रह्मद्विषे शरवे हन्तवा उ । अहं जनाय समदं कृणोम्यहं द्यावापृथिवी आ विवेश ॥६॥<ref name=":2" />

ahaṁ rudrāya dhanurā tanomi brahmadviṣe śarave hantavā u । ahaṁ janāya samadaṁ kr̥ṇomyahaṁ dyāvāpr̥thivī ā viveśa ॥6॥</blockquote>Meaning: The bow I stretch for the arrow for Rudra is for the purpose of killing the hater of Brahman. I do battle for people. I have pervaded the sky and the earth.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /><blockquote>अहं सुवे पितरमस्य मूर्धन्मम योनिरप्स्वन्तः समुद्रे । ततो वि तिष्ठे भुवनानु विश्वोतामूं द्यां वर्ष्मणोप स्पृशामि ॥७॥<ref name=":2" />

ahaṁ rudrāya dhanurā tanomi brahmadviṣe śarave hantavā u । ahaṁ janāya samadaṁ kr̥ṇomyahaṁ dyāvāpr̥thivī ā viveśa ॥6॥</blockquote>Meaning: The bow I stretch for the arrow for Rudra is for the purpose of killing the hater of Brahman. I do battle for people. I have pervaded the sky and the [[Prthvi (पृथ्वी)|earth]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /><blockquote>अहं सुवे पितरमस्य मूर्धन्मम योनिरप्स्वन्तः समुद्रे । ततो वि तिष्ठे भुवनानु विश्वोतामूं द्यां वर्ष्मणोप स्पृशामि ॥७॥<ref name=":2" />

ahaṁ suve pitaramasya mūrdhanmama yonirapsvantaḥ samudre । tato vi tiṣṭhe bhuvanānu viśvotāmūṁ dyāṁ varṣmaṇopa spr̥śāmi ॥7॥</blockquote>Meaning: I bring into being the father (sky) on the summit of this (universe). My source is in the waters, in the inner ocean. Thence, I pervade the entire universe and with the vertex I touch that sky.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /><blockquote>अहमेव वात इव प्र वाम्यारभमाणा भुवनानि विश्वा । परो दिवा पर एना पृथिव्यैतावती महिना सं बभूव ॥८॥<ref name=":2">Rgveda, Mandala 10, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%83_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%82_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A6.%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%AB Sukta 125]</ref>

ahaṁ suve pitaramasya mūrdhanmama yonirapsvantaḥ samudre । tato vi tiṣṭhe bhuvanānu viśvotāmūṁ dyāṁ varṣmaṇopa spr̥śāmi ॥7॥</blockquote>Meaning: I bring into being the father (sky) on the summit of this (universe). My source is in the waters, in the inner ocean. Thence, I pervade the entire universe and with the vertex I touch that sky.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /><blockquote>अहमेव वात इव प्र वाम्यारभमाणा भुवनानि विश्वा । परो दिवा पर एना पृथिव्यैतावती महिना सं बभूव ॥८॥<ref name=":2">Rgveda, Mandala 10, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%83_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%82_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A6.%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%AB Sukta 125]</ref>

ahameva vāta iva pra vāmyārabhamāṇā bhuvanāni viśvā । paro divā para enā pr̥thivyaitāvatī mahinā saṁ babhūva ॥8॥</blockquote>Meaning: I only blow forth, like the wind, while holding together all living creatures. So great (vast) I have become possessing greatness that I am beyond svarga and this earth.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" />

ahameva vāta iva pra vāmyārabhamāṇā bhuvanāni viśvā । paro divā para enā pr̥thivyaitāvatī mahinā saṁ babhūva ॥8॥</blockquote>Meaning: I only blow forth, like the wind, while holding together all living creatures. So great (vast) I have become possessing greatness that I am beyond [[Svarga (स्वर्गः)|svarga]] and this earth.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" />

==References==

==References==

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