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Perception or Cognition is the mental process of interpreting the information received by the sense organs from the environment. Sensation is a physical process, whereas, perception is a psychological process. For example, upon smelling the scent of roses, a sensation is the scent receptors in the body detecting the odor of roses, but the perception may be "Mmm, this smells like roses."<ref name=":0">Introduction to Psychology course on NPTEL</ref>
Perception or Cognition is the mental process of interpreting the information received by the sense organs from the environment. Sensation is a physical process, whereas, perception is a psychological process. For example, upon smelling the scent of roses, a sensation is the scent receptors in the body detecting the odor of roses, but the perception may be "Mmm, this smells like roses."<ref name=":0">Introduction to Psychology course on NPTEL</ref>
== Introduction ==
== Introduction ==
Perception is a set of psychological processes, which help us in understanding the world around us. We encounter numerous stimuli every second through our sensory organs. It brings about awareness and interpretation of our environment. It involves selection, organization and interpretation of the sensory information based on one's previous experiences, needs, aspirations and other's experiences.<ref>http://egyankosh.ac.in//handle/123456789/61382</ref>
Perception refers to the way sensory information is organized, interpreted, and consciously experienced. Perception involves both bottom-up and top-down processing. Bottom-up processing refers to the fact that perceptions are built from sensory input. On the other hand, how we interpret those sensations is influenced by our available knowledge, our experiences, and our thoughts. This is called top-down processing.<ref name=":0" />
Perception refers to the way sensory information is organized, interpreted, and consciously experienced. Perception involves both bottom-up and top-down processing. Bottom-up processing refers to the fact that perceptions are built from sensory input. On the other hand, how we interpret those sensations is influenced by our available knowledge, our experiences, and our thoughts. This is called top-down processing.<ref name=":0" />
== Sensation and Sensory Organs ==
== Sensation and Sensory Organs ==
Sense organs are the primary sources for gathering information and providing it to the mind for further processing. Sense organs receive the reflection emanating from the objects which are then reflected in the inner
Sense organs are the primary sources for gathering information and providing it to the mind for further processing. Sense organs receive the reflection emanating from the objects which are then reflected in the inner mind.
== Factors affecting sensation and perception ==
== Factors affecting sensation and perception ==