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Guna Traya Vibhaga Yoga (गुणत्रयविभागयोगः) (view source)

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== त्रिगुणाः ॥ Trigunas<ref name=":1" /> ==
 
== त्रिगुणाः ॥ Trigunas<ref name=":1" /> ==
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The living entities conditioned by material nature are of various types. One is happy, another is very active and another is helpless. All these types of psychological manifestations are causes of the entities' conditioned status in nature. How they are differently conditioned is explained in this section of the Chapter.
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सत्त्वं रजस्तम इति गुणाः प्रकृतिसंभवाः । निबध्नन्ति महाबाहो देहे देहिनमव्ययम् ॥१४- ५॥
 
सत्त्वं रजस्तम इति गुणाः प्रकृतिसंभवाः । निबध्नन्ति महाबाहो देहे देहिनमव्ययम् ॥१४- ५॥
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Because living entities have different kinds of bodies in terms of the different aspects of nature, they are induced to act according to that nature. This is the cause of the varieties of happiness and distress.
 
Because living entities have different kinds of bodies in terms of the different aspects of nature, they are induced to act according to that nature. This is the cause of the varieties of happiness and distress.
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=== सत्त्वम् ॥ Sattva ===
 
तत्र सत्त्वं निर्मलत्वात्प्रकाशकमनामयम् । सुखसङ्गेन बध्नाति ज्ञानसङ्गेन चानघ ॥१४- ६॥
 
तत्र सत्त्वं निर्मलत्वात्प्रकाशकमनामयम् । सुखसङ्गेन बध्नाति ज्ञानसङ्गेन चानघ ॥१४- ६॥
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Amongst these, sattva guṇa, the mode of goodness, being of pure quality, is illuminating and full of well-being. It binds the soul by creating attachment for a sense of happiness and knowledge. ([https://dharmawiki.org/index.php/Sattva_(%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D)#.E0.A4.AD.E0.A4.97.E0.A4.B5.E0.A4.A6.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.97.E0.A5.80.E0.A4.A4.E0.A4.BE.E0.A4.B5.E0.A4.B0.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.A3.E0.A4.BF.E0.A4.A4.E0.A4.83_.E0.A4.B8.E0.A4.A4.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.B5.E0.A4.97.E0.A5.81.E0.A4.A3.E0.A4.83.E0.A5.A5_Sattva_according_to_Bhagvad_gita Sattva article])
 
Amongst these, sattva guṇa, the mode of goodness, being of pure quality, is illuminating and full of well-being. It binds the soul by creating attachment for a sense of happiness and knowledge. ([https://dharmawiki.org/index.php/Sattva_(%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D)#.E0.A4.AD.E0.A4.97.E0.A4.B5.E0.A4.A6.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.97.E0.A5.80.E0.A4.A4.E0.A4.BE.E0.A4.B5.E0.A4.B0.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.A3.E0.A4.BF.E0.A4.A4.E0.A4.83_.E0.A4.B8.E0.A4.A4.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.B5.E0.A4.97.E0.A5.81.E0.A4.A3.E0.A4.83.E0.A5.A5_Sattva_according_to_Bhagvad_gita Sattva article])
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The mode of goodness, being purer than others, is illuminating and it frees one from all sinful reactions. Those situated in that mode become conditioned by a sense of happiness and knowledge.
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The effect of developing the mode of goodness in the material world is that one becomes wiser than those otherwise conditioned. A man in the mode of goodness is not so much affected by material miseries and he has a sense of advancement in material knowledge. This sense of happiness is due to understanding that, in the mode of goodness, one is more or less free from sinful reactions.
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However, the sense of advanced happiness in conditioned life makes one bound by the mode of goodness and as long as there is an attraction to work that way, they have to take some type of body in the modes of nature. Thus, there is no likelihood of liberation or of being transferred to the spiritual world. One becomes repeatedly entangled in the same disadvantages of birth and death. But, due to the illusion of the material energy, one thinks that that sort of life is pleasant.
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=== रजः ॥ Rajas ===
 
रजो रागात्मकं विद्धि तृष्णासङ्गसमुद्भवम् । तन्निबध्नाति कौन्तेय कर्मसङ्गेन देहिनम् ॥१४- ७॥
 
रजो रागात्मकं विद्धि तृष्णासङ्गसमुद्भवम् । तन्निबध्नाति कौन्तेय कर्मसङ्गेन देहिनम् ॥१४- ७॥
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Rajo guṇa is of the nature of passion. It arises from worldly desires and affections, and binds the soul through attachment to fruitive actions.
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Rajo guṇa is of the nature of passion. It arises from worldly desires and affections, and binds the soul through attachment to fruitive actions. ([https://dharmawiki.org/index.php/Rajas_(%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%83) Rajas article])
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The mode of passion is born of unlimited desires and longings and because of this, the embodied entity is bound to material fruitive actions.
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When the mode of passion is increased, one develops the hankering for material enjoyment. And enjoy sense gratification. As long as there is hankering, one has to work hard towards fulfilling them. Therefore, it is clearly stated here that a rajasika person becomes associated with the frits of his activities and gets bound by them.
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Considering there is no liberation for those in the mode of goodness, what to speak of those who are entangled in the mode of passion.
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=== तमः ॥ Tamas ===
 
तमस्त्वज्ञानजं विद्धि मोहनं सर्वदेहिनाम् । प्रमादालस्यनिद्राभिस्तन्निबध्नाति भारत ॥१४- ८॥
 
तमस्त्वज्ञानजं विद्धि मोहनं सर्वदेहिनाम् । प्रमादालस्यनिद्राभिस्तन्निबध्नाति भारत ॥१४- ८॥
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Tamas guṇa''',''' is born of ignorance. It is the cause of illusion for the embodied souls. It deludes all living beings through errors or negligence, laziness, and sleep.
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Tamas guṇa''',''' is born of ignorance. It is the cause of illusion for the embodied souls. It deludes all living beings through errors or negligence, laziness, and sleep. ([https://dharmawiki.org/index.php/Tamas_(%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%83) Tamas article])
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The mode of darkness, born of ignorance, is the delusion of all embodied living entities. The results of this mode are madness, indolence and sleep which bind the conditioned soul.
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The mode of ignorance is just the opposite of the mode of goodness. In the mode of goodness, by development of knowledge, one can understand what is what but under the spell of the mode of ignorance, instead of making an advancement, one becomes degraded. The mode of ignorance is defined as.
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Vastu-yathatmya-jnanavarakam viparyaya-jnana-janakam tamah
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The tamasikas are not even active like those who are controlled by the mode of passion. Another symptom of one embedded in the mode of ignorance is that he sleeps more than required. Such a man appears to be always dejected and is addicted to intoxicants and sleeping. These are the symptoms of a person conditioned by the mode of ignorance.
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== Verses ==
 
सत्त्वं सुखे संजयति रजः कर्मणि भारत । ज्ञानमावृत्य तु तमः प्रमादे संजयत्युत ॥१४- ९॥
 
सत्त्वं सुखे संजयति रजः कर्मणि भारत । ज्ञानमावृत्य तु तमः प्रमादे संजयत्युत ॥१४- ९॥
  
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