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Yoga Darshana (योगदर्शनम्) (view source)
Revision as of 19:08, 25 November 2022
, 19:08, 25 November 2022Adding content with reference - to be edited
Yoga in a generic sense refers to Karma Yoga, Bhakti Yoga, Raja Yoga, Jnana Yoga, Hatha Yoga, Mantra Yoga and Laya Yoga. In a restricted sense it means the Ashtanga Yoga or Raja Yoga of Patanjali Maharshi. And a Yogi is on who has reached the highest Samadhi which is the final achievement or fulfilment of Yoga.<ref name=":4">Swami Sivananda (2006), [https://archive.org/details/practice-of-yoga/mode/2up?view=theater Practice of Yoga], Shivanandanagar: The Divine Life Society.</ref>
Yoga in a generic sense refers to Karma Yoga, Bhakti Yoga, Raja Yoga, Jnana Yoga, Hatha Yoga, Mantra Yoga and Laya Yoga. In a restricted sense it means the Ashtanga Yoga or Raja Yoga of Patanjali Maharshi. And a Yogi is on who has reached the highest Samadhi which is the final achievement or fulfilment of Yoga.<ref name=":4">Swami Sivananda (2006), [https://archive.org/details/practice-of-yoga/mode/2up?view=theater Practice of Yoga], Shivanandanagar: The Divine Life Society.</ref>
== Ashtanga Yoga ==
Ashtanga Yoga or Raja Yoga
Yama: Universal laws, Ahimsa-Satya-Asteya-Brahmcharya-Aparigrah<ref name=":5">Ashish Pandey (2022), Lecture Presentation on Yoga and Positive Psychology for Managing Career and Life (Session 13 - Interventions for Managing Self and Career).</ref> अहिंसासत्यास्तेयब्रह्मचर्यापरिग्रहा यमाः॥२.३०॥
'''Nonviolence:''' अहिंसा - प्रतिष्ठायाम् तत् - सन्निधौ वैर- त्यागः॥On being firmly established in non-violence, all beings coming near him cease to be hostile.
'''Truthfulness:''' सत्य-प्रतिष्ठायाम् क्रिया-फल-आश्रयत्वम्॥On being firmly established in truthfulness the Yogi gets the power of attaining for himself and others the fruits of work.
'''No stealing:''' अस्तेय, प्रतिष्ठायाम्, सर्व, रत्न, उपस्थानम् ॥On being firmly established in non-stealing all wealth comes to the Yogi.
'''Continence:''' ब्रह्मचर्य-प्रतिष्ठायाम् वीर्य-लाभः ॥ When continence is established energy is gained.
'''Non-receiving:''' अपरिग्रह:-स्थैर्ये जन्म-कथन्ता-सम्बोधः ॥When a man becomes steadfast in non-receiving, he gets the memory of past life.<ref name=":6">Ashish Pandey (2022), Lecture Presentation on Yoga and Positive Psychology for Managing Career and Life (Session 14).</ref>
Niyama: Social and personal observances; Shauch-Santosha-Tapas-Svadhyaya-Ishwara Pranidhana<ref name=":5" /> शौचसंतोषतपःस्वाध्यायेश्वरप्रणिधानानि नियमाः॥२.३२॥
Cleanliness: Shaucha, सत्त्व-शुद्धि-सौमनस्य-ऐकाग्र्य-इन्द्रिय-जय-आत्मदर्शन-योग्यत्वानि One achieves purification of the Sattva, cheerfulness of the mind, concentration, conquest of the organs and fitness for the realization of the Self.
Contentment: Santosh, संतोषात्-अनुत्तम-सुख-लाभः ॥ From contentment, supreme happiness is gained.
Austerities: Tapas, काय-इन्द्रिय-सिद्धि:-अशुद्धि-क्षयात् तपस:॥ Austerity is bringing special powers to the organs and the body, by destroying the impurity
Self observation: Svadhyay, स्वाध्यायात् -इष्टदेवता-सम्प्रयोग:॥ From study and by repetition of the mantras comes communion with one's chosen deity<ref name=":6" />
Āsana: Physical postures
Prāṇāyāma: Regulation of vitality through breath
Pratyāhāra: Withdrawal of senses from external world
Dhāraṇā: Effortful, focused attention, concentration
Dhyāna: Meditation, effortless, perpetual flow of attention
Samādhi: self-transcendence and ecstasy<ref name=":5" />
== योगदर्शनस्य महत्त्वम् ॥ Importance of Yoga ==
== योगदर्शनस्य महत्त्वम् ॥ Importance of Yoga ==
# Organic phase characterised by physiological changes such as ulcerated stomach or chronic hypertension, becoming manifest in totality affects the Annamaya kosha.
# Organic phase characterised by physiological changes such as ulcerated stomach or chronic hypertension, becoming manifest in totality affects the Annamaya kosha.
And as a result of this association discovered between the psychosomatic disorders and the Five Koshas of human existence, Yoga as a mind-body therapy becomes effective in all the phases enumerated here.
And as a result of this association discovered between the psychosomatic disorders and the Five Koshas of human existence, Yoga as a mind-body therapy becomes effective in all the phases enumerated here.<ref name=":3" />
Ahara and Asana intervene at the level of the annamaya kosha, Pranayama at the Pranamaya kosha, Yama, Niyama, and Pratyahara intervene at the level of Manomaya kosha, Dharana and dhyana at the Vijnanamaya kosha and Dhyana and Samadhi at the Anandamaya kosha.
Ahaar and Asanas (with Yama and Niyama) help us to refine our emotions so that they no longer create warps and knots in our energy field.<ref name=":5" />
==== FACTORS TO ENHANCE WELL-BEING ====
==== FACTORS TO ENHANCE WELL-BEING ====
No one can work smoothly with a ruffled mind. A ruffled mind disturbs the three humours of the body and brings about al l sorts of diseases i n its turn. This is the theory of Ayurveda which quite tallies with the theory of Raja Yoga and the theory of western psychologists.
No one can work smoothly with a ruffled mind. A ruffled mind disturbs the three humours of the body and brings about al l sorts of diseases i n its turn. This is the theory of Ayurveda which quite tallies with the theory of Raja Yoga and the theory of western psychologists.
Good physical health can be achieved and maintained by observing rigidly the laws of health and the rules of hygiene, by taking wholesome l ight, substantial, easily digestible, nutritious, bland food or Sattvic diet, by inhaling pure air, by regular physical exercise, by daily cold bath, by observing moderation in eating and drinking. Good mental health can be attained and maintained by Japa, meditation, Brahmacharya, practice of Yama, Niyama and right conduct, right thinking, right feeling, right speaking and right action. Atmic Vichara, change of thought, relaxation of mind by dwelling the mind on pleasant thoughts, mental recreation and the practice of cheerfulness, etc.<ref>Swami Sivananda (2006), [https://archive.org/details/practice-of-yoga/mode/2up?view=theater Practice of Yoga], Shivanandanagar: The Divine Life Society.</ref>
Good physical health can be achieved and maintained by observing rigidly the laws of health and the rules of hygiene, by taking wholesome l ight, substantial, easily digestible, nutritious, bland food or Sattvic diet, by inhaling pure air, by regular physical exercise, by daily cold bath, by observing moderation in eating and drinking. Good mental health can be attained and maintained by Japa, meditation, Brahmacharya, practice of Yama, Niyama and right conduct, right thinking, right feeling, right speaking and right action. Atmic Vichara, change of thought, relaxation of mind by dwelling the mind on pleasant thoughts, mental recreation and the practice of cheerfulness, etc.<ref name=":4" />
== संहृतिः ॥ Synopsis ==
== संहृतिः ॥ Synopsis ==