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# [[Samaveda (सामवेद)|सामवेदः || The Samaveda]]  

# [[Samaveda (सामवेद)|सामवेदः || The Samaveda]]  

# [[Atharvaveda|अथर्वणवेदः || The Atharvanaveda]]

# [[Atharvaveda|अथर्वणवेदः || The Atharvanaveda]]

Of these, the first three were the principal original division, also called त्रयी-विद्या || Trayi vidya, that is, 'the triple science' of reciting mantras (Rigveda), performing यज्ञ-s ॥ yajnas (sacrifices) (Yajurveda), and singing of mantras set to musical notes (Samaveda). Atharvaveda consists of mantras applicable to activities of daily life, such as ailments and their cure, achieving desired things, warfare, trade, commerce, construction among other things.      

Of these, the first three were the principal original division, also called Trayi vidya (त्रयी-विद्या), that is, 'the triple science' of reciting mantras (Rigveda), performing yajnas (sacrifices) (Yajurveda), and singing of mantras set to musical notes (Samaveda). Atharvaveda consists of mantras applicable to activities of daily life, such as ailments and their cure, achieving desired things, warfare, trade, commerce, construction among other things.

==  ऋग्वेदः || Rigveda ==

==  ऋग्वेदः || Rigveda ==

=== व्युत्पत्तिः ॥ Etymology ===

=== व्युत्पत्तिः ॥ Etymology ===

The Samskrit धातुः "ऋच्" (तुदादि-गणः) is used in the meaning स्तुतिः || Stuti (to praise). That which has the description of the quality, action and nature of substances is said to be ऋक् (Rk).<ref name=":02232222">Shastri, Jwalanth Kumar. (2009) ''Ved aur vedarth'' Rajasthan: Sri Ghudhmal Prahladkumar Arya Dharmarth Nyasa</ref> Variously called as 'rk or rik (ऋक्)', 'richas (ऋचाः)', 'rig (ऋग्)', these Mantras are meant for the praise of the deities.

The Samskrit धातुः "ऋच्" (तुदादि-गणः) is used in the meaning स्तुतिः || Stuti (to praise). That which has the description of the quality, action and nature of substances is said to be ऋक् (Rk).<ref name=":02232222">Shastri, Jwalanth Kumar. (2009) ''Ved aur vedarth'' Rajasthan: Sri Ghudhmal Prahladkumar Arya Dharmarth Nyasa</ref> Variously called as 'rk or rik (ऋक्)', 'richas (ऋचाः)', 'rig (ऋग्)', these Mantras are meant for the praise of the deities.

Rigveda contains primarily Mantras (set in 2, 3 or 4 पादा-s || padas) dealing with the stuti for devatas, their invocation, yajnakarmas, कर्मकाण्डः ॥ karmakanda, उपासना-मन्त्राः ॥ upasana mantras, mantras related to different worldly activities such as दानम् ॥ dana, conduct, medical remedies etc.

Rigveda contains primarily Mantras (set in 2, 3 or 4 padas | पादाः) dealing with the stuti for devatas, their invocation, yajnakarmas, karmakanda (कर्मकाण्डः), upasana mantras (उपासना-मन्त्राः), mantras related to different worldly activities such as [[Dana (दानम्)|dana]] (दानम्), conduct, medical remedies etc.

===  ऋग्वेद-विभाजनम् ॥ Rigveda Vibhajana ===

===  ऋग्वेद-विभाजनम् ॥ Rigveda Vibhajana ===

There are two types of divisions of Rigveda namely, मण्डल-क्रमः ॥ Mandala krama and अष्टक-क्रमः ॥ Ashtaka krama. They arose mainly for अध्ययनम् || study and अध्यापनम् || teaching. A small lesson is easily grasped or understood and committed to memory.(See footnote 3 on Page 35 of Reference 1<ref name=":02232222" />) There are different versions advocated by different scholars about the number of सूक्त-s || suktas and मन्त्र-s || mantras available in Rigveda.   

There are two types of divisions of Rigveda namely, Mandala krama ( मण्डल-क्रमः) and Ashtaka krama (अष्टक-क्रमः). They arose mainly for self study (अध्ययनम् ) and teaching (अध्यापनम् ). A small lesson is easily grasped or understood and committed to memory.(See footnote 3 on Page 35 of Reference 1<ref name=":02232222" />) There are different versions advocated by different scholars about the number of suktas and mantras available in Rigveda.   

==== मण्डल-क्रमः ॥ Mandala Krama ====

==== मण्डल-क्रमः ॥ Mandala Krama ====

This division of the Rigveda is most popular and systematic. According to the मण्डल-क्रमः ॥ Mandala krama, ऋग्वेद-संहिता ॥ Rigveda Samhita is divided into 10 Mandalas or books. The Mandalas are subdivided into  85 अनुवाक-s || Anuvakas, 1028 सूक्त-s || Suktas and 10522 मन्त्राः ॥ mantras<ref name=":02232222" /> and 10552 mantras according to another version<ref name=":1232222" />. In Rig veda, in शाकल-संहिता ॥  Shakala samhita, the number of suktas in each Mandala is - 191, 43, 62, 58, 87, 75, 104, 103, 114, 191 (1028) respectively from the first to tenth Mandala.<ref name=":02232222" /><ref name=":1232222">Rigveda Classification on [http://vedicheritage.gov.in/samhitas/rigveda/shakala-samhita/ Vedic Heritage Portal] </ref>

This division of the Rigveda is most popular and systematic. According to the Mandala krama, Rigveda Samhita is divided into 10 Mandalas or books. The Mandalas are subdivided into  85 Anuvakas (अनुवाकाः), 1028 Suktas (सूक्तानि) and 10522 mantras (मन्त्राः)<ref name=":02232222" /> and 10552 mantras according to another version<ref name=":1232222" />. In Rig veda, in Shakala samhita (शाकल-संहिता), the number of suktas in each Mandala is - 191, 43, 62, 58, 87, 75, 104, 103, 114, 191 (1028) respectively from the first to tenth Mandala.<ref name=":02232222" /><ref name=":1232222">Rigveda Classification on [http://vedicheritage.gov.in/samhitas/rigveda/shakala-samhita/ Vedic Heritage Portal] </ref>

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!मण्डलम् ॥ Mandala      ►

!मण्डलम् ॥ Mandala      ►