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Yajurveda (यजुर्वेदः) (view source)
Revision as of 15:03, 17 December 2021
, 15:03, 17 December 2021→Vedangas: Adding content
Baldev Upadhyay (1955), [https://ia801607.us.archive.org/10/items/in.ernet.dli.2015.347181/2015.347181.Vaidik-Sahitya.pdf Vaidik Sahitya], Kashi
Baldev Upadhyay (1955), [https://ia801607.us.archive.org/10/items/in.ernet.dli.2015.347181/2015.347181.Vaidik-Sahitya.pdf Vaidik Sahitya], Kashi
'''Shiksha'''
==== '''Shiksha''' ====
Every Veda has its own Shiksha grantha that enumerates the rules of phonetics specific to that Veda. The Pratishakhya texts are the oldest available shiksha granthas. There are two Pratishakhya texts available in the Yajurveda tradition viz. Vajasaneyi Pratishakhya and Taittiriya Pratishakhya.
Every Veda has its own Shiksha grantha that enumerates the rules of phonetics specific to that Veda. The Pratishakhya texts are the oldest available shiksha granthas. There are two Pratishakhya texts available in the Yajurveda tradition viz. Vajasaneyi Pratishakhya and Taittiriya Pratishakhya.
As the name suggests, the Vajasaneyi Pratishakhya is related to the Shukla Yajurveda and is written by Katyayana Muni who is different from the Vartikakara Katyayana (Vararuchi) and preceeds Panini. This Pratishakhya (also known as Katyayana Pratishakhya) texts consists of 8 adhyayas that includes a detailed discussion on Paribhasha, Svara and Samskara. It is for this reason that Katyayana is given the title स्वरसंस्कारप्रतिष्ठापयिता । (८.५४) A study of the text reveals that Panini has taken Paribhashika terms like Upadha, Udatta, Anudatta, Svarita, Amredita, Lopa, Aprkta, etc. for his Grammar from this Pratishakhya text. Many sutras have also been accepted by Panini verbatim.
As the name suggests, the Vajasaneyi Pratishakhya is related to the Shukla Yajurveda and is written by Katyayana Muni who is different from the Vartikakara Katyayana (Vararuchi) and preceeds Panini. This Pratishakhya (also known as Katyayana Pratishakhya) texts consists of 8 adhyayas that includes a detailed discussion on Paribhasha, Svara and Samskara. It is for this reason that Katyayana is given the title स्वरसंस्कारप्रतिष्ठापयिता । (८.५४) A study of the text reveals that Panini has taken Paribhashika terms like Upadha, Udatta, Anudatta, Svarita, Amredita, Lopa, Aprkta, etc. for his Grammar from this Pratishakhya text. Many sutras have also been accepted by Panini verbatim.
There are two commentaries available on the Katyayana Pratishakhya by Uvvata and Ananta Bhatta. The one by Anantabhatta is known as Padartha Prakasha. There are also two other small texts related to the Katyayana Pratishakhya that are available along with their respective bhashyas. These are considered as the Parishishtas of the Katyayana Pratishakhya viz. Pratijna Sutra and Bhashika Sutra.
The Taittiriya Pratishakhya is divided into 2 Prashnas (Khandas) each consisting of 12 adhyayas each. All the examples quoted in this Pratishakhya are from the Taittiriya Samhita. There are 3 commentaries available on the Taittiriya Pratishakhya viz.
# Padakramasadana by Mahisheya
# Tribhashya Ratna by Somayaarya
# Vaidikabharana by Gopala Yajva (also known as Gopala Mishra)
The essence of the different subject-matters of the Pratishakhyas were condensed and presented in the form of a collection of Karikas that came to be known as shiksha granthas. They are related to the various branches of the four vedas. The Shiksha texts related to the Yajurveda are enumerated below:
Yajnavalkya Shiksha: It consists of 232 shlokas and is related to the Vajasaneyi Samhita (Madhyandina Samhita) of the Shukla Yajurveda. It elaborates with examples on Vadika Svaras. It also discusses concepts like lopa, agama, vikara and prakrti bhava. The nature, similarities and differences among letters have also been explained.
Vasishti Samhita: It is related to the Vajasaneyi Samhita of the Shukla Yajurveda. According to this shiksha, the number of rgveda mantras occuring in the shukla Yajurveda is 1467 while the total number of Yajus is 2823.
Mandavya Shiksha: It is related to the Shukla Yajurveda. In this shikshsa there is a collection of the Oshthya varnas featuring in the Vajasaneyi Samhita.
Keshavi Shiksha: It is written by Keshava Daivajna, the son of Gokula Daivajna belonging to the race of Astika Muni. It is available in 2 forms. One has a detailed description of the Paribhashas in the Madhyandina shakha and a commentary on the Pratijna sutras. While the other consists of 21 verses discussing the concept of Svara.
Avasana Nirnaya Shiksha: It was written by a scholar named Anantadeva and is related to the Shukla Yajurveda.
Srautasutras
Srautasutras