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[[Vedas (वेदाः)|Veda]] (Samskrit : वेदः) is regarded as revealed scripture, self-explanatory and self authoritative, according to many traditional Indian scholars. वैदिकसूक्त-s || Vedic Suktas (Collection of Mantras) and मन्त्र-s || Mantras are "seen by" or "revealed to" and only spoken by the ऋषि-s || Rishis (seers or sages). These rishis are neither authors of the Mantras nor are they responsible for the contents of the Mantras. Thus Vedas are called अपौरुषेयः ॥ Apaurusheya. There is no final authority beyond the Vedas according to Bharatiya philosophy. While the mantras are revealed, the structural arrangement of Vedas given by वेदव्यासः ॥ [[Vyasa|Veda Vyasa]] and further formation of शाखा-s || shakas (recensions) or versions of Vedas seen today is based on different rishis.

[[Vedas (वेदाः)|Veda]] (Samskrit : वेदः) is regarded as revealed scripture, self-explanatory and self authoritative, according to many traditional Indian scholars. Vedic Suktas (वैदिकसूक्त - Collection of Mantras) and Mantras (मन्त्राः) are "seen by" or "revealed to" and only spoken by the Rshis (seers). These rshis are neither authors of the Mantras nor are they responsible for the contents of the Mantras. Thus Vedas are called Apaurusheya (अपौरुषेयः). There is no final authority beyond the Vedas according to Bharatiya philosophy. While the mantras are revealed, the structural arrangement of Vedas given by [[Veda Vyasa (वेदव्यासः)]] and further formation of shakas (शाखाः recensions) or versions of Vedas seen today is based on different rshis.

==परिचयः || Introduction==

==परिचयः || Introduction==

महर्षिः वेदव्यासः || Maharshi Veda Vyasa collected all the Mantras in existence during his period, edited, codified and organized them into four groups in the form that we see today.

महर्षिः वेदव्यासः || Maharshi Veda Vyasa collected all the Mantras in existence during his period, edited, codified and organized them into four groups in the form that we see today.

#[[Rigveda|ऋग्वेदः || The Rigveda]]

#[[Rigveda (ऋग्वेदः)|ऋग्वेदः || The Rigveda]]

#[[Yajurveda|यजुर्वेदः || The Yajurveda]]

#[[Yajurveda (यजुर्वेदः)|यजुर्वेदः || The Yajurveda]]

#[[Samaveda (सामवेद)|सामवेदः || The Samaveda]]

#[[Samaveda (सामवेद)|सामवेदः || The Samaveda]]

#[[Atharvaveda|अथर्वणवेदः || The Atharvanaveda]]

#[[Atharvaveda (अथर्ववेदः)|अथर्वणवेदः || The Atharvanaveda]]

Of these, the first three were the principal original division, also called Trayi vidya (त्रयी-विद्या), that is, 'the triple science' of reciting mantras (Rigveda), performing yajnas (sacrifices) (Yajurveda), and singing of mantras set to musical notes (Samaveda). Atharvaveda consists of mantras applicable to activities of daily life, such as ailments and their cure, achieving desired things, warfare, trade, commerce, construction among other things.

Of these, the first three were the principal original division, also called Trayi vidya (त्रयी-विद्या), that is, 'the triple science' of reciting mantras (Rigveda), performing yajnas (sacrifices) (Yajurveda), and singing of mantras set to musical notes (Samaveda). Atharvaveda consists of mantras applicable to activities of daily life, such as ailments and their cure, achieving desired things, warfare, trade, commerce, construction among other things.

==ऋग्वेदः || Rigveda==

==ऋग्वेदः || Rigveda==

Rigveda contains primarily Mantras (set in 2, 3 or 4 padas | पादाः) dealing with the stuti for devatas, their invocation, yajnakarmas, karmakanda (कर्मकाण्डः), upasana mantras (उपासना-मन्त्राः), mantras related to different worldly activities such as [[Dana (दानम्)|dana]] (दानम्), conduct, medical remedies etc.

Rigveda contains primarily Mantras (set in 2, 3 or 4 padas | पादाः) dealing with the stuti for devatas, their invocation, yajnakarmas, karmakanda (कर्मकाण्डः), upasana mantras (उपासना-मन्त्राः), mantras related to different worldly activities such as [[Dana (दानम्)|dana]] (दानम्), conduct, medical remedies etc.

===ऋग्वेद-विभाजनम् ॥ Rigveda Vibhajana===

===ऋग्वेद-विभाजनम् ॥ Rigveda Vibhajana===

There are two types of divisions of Rigveda namely, Mandala krama ( मण्डल-क्रमः) and Ashtaka krama (अष्टक-क्रमः). They arose mainly for self study (अध्ययनम् ) and teaching (अध्यापनम् ). A small lesson is easily grasped or understood and committed to memory.(See footnote 3 on Page 35 of Reference 1<ref name=":022322222" />) There are different versions advocated by different scholars about the number of suktas and mantras available in Rigveda.

There are two types of divisions of Rigveda namely, Mandala krama (मण्डल-क्रमः) and Ashtaka krama (अष्टक-क्रमः). They arose mainly for self study (अध्ययनम्) and teaching (अध्यापनम् ). A small lesson is easily grasped or understood and committed to memory (See footnote 3 on Page 35 of Reference 1<ref name=":022322222" />). There are different versions advocated by different scholars about the number of suktas and mantras available in Rigveda.

====मण्डल-क्रमः ॥ Mandala Krama====

====मण्डल-क्रमः ॥ Mandala Krama====

This division of the Rigveda is most popular and systematic. According to the Mandala krama, Rigveda Samhita is divided into 10 Mandalas or books. The Mandalas are subdivided into  85 Anuvakas (अनुवाकाः), 1028 Suktas (सूक्तानि) and 10522 mantras (मन्त्राः)<ref name=":022322222" /> and 10552 mantras according to another version<ref name=":12322222">Rigveda Classification on [http://vedicheritage.gov.in/samhitas/rigveda/shakala-samhita/ Vedic Heritage Portal]</ref>.  In Rig veda, in Shakala samhita (शाकल-संहिता), the number of suktas in each Mandala is - 191, 43, 62, 58, 87, 75, 104, 103, 114, 191 (1028) respectively from the first to tenth Mandala.<ref name=":022322222" /><ref name=":12322222" />

This division of the Rigveda is most popular and systematic. According to the Mandala krama, Rigveda Samhita is divided into 10 Mandalas or books. The Mandalas are subdivided into  85 Anuvakas (अनुवाकाः), 1028 Suktas (सूक्तानि) and 10522 mantras (मन्त्राः)<ref name=":022322222" /> and 10552 mantras according to another version<ref name=":12322222">Rigveda Classification on [http://vedicheritage.gov.in/samhitas/rigveda/shakala-samhita/ Vedic Heritage Portal]</ref>.  In Rig veda, in Shakala samhita (शाकल-संहिता), the number of suktas in each Mandala is - 191, 43, 62, 58, 87, 75, 104, 103, 114, 191 (1028) respectively from the first to tenth Mandala.<ref name=":022322222" /><ref name=":12322222" />