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== Introduction ==

== Introduction ==

Ganita literally means “the science of calculation” which means mathematics. The term “Ganita” is an ancient one and occurs widely in the Vedic literature. In earliest times, ganita included astronomy, but later on it was studied separately.

Ganita literally means “the science of calculation” which means mathematics. The term “Ganita” is an ancient one and occurs widely in the Vedic literature. In earliest times, ganita included astronomy, but later on it was studied separately.

[[File:Introduction to Mathematics - Mayura.png|right|frameless]]

[[File:Introduction to Mathematics - Mayura.png|right|frameless|255x255px]]

Vedanga Jyotisha, a book on astronomy written by Lagadha, gives Ganita the highest place of honour among the six sciences which form the Vedangas.  

Vedanga Jyotisha, a book on astronomy written by Lagadha, gives Ganita the highest place of honour among the six sciences which form the Vedangas.  

== Classroom Activity ==

== Classroom Activity ==

[[File:Introduction to Mathematics - Ganita Shastra 02.png|left|frameless]]

[[File:Introduction to Mathematics - Ganita Shastra 02.png|left|frameless]]

Shadows were usually measured by vertically erecting a śaṅku (stick or gnomon) in an open area with a flat surface to ensure accuracy. Permanent fixtures of this kind were referred to as sundials in some cultures. In India, perhaps the most famous monuments attesting to the measurement of shadows are the sundials found at the various Jantar Mantars constructed by the Rajput king Sawai Jai Singh in the early 18th century CE.  

Shadows were usually measured by vertically erecting a śaṅku (stick or gnomon) in an open area with a flat surface to ensure accuracy. Permanent fixtures of this kind were referred to as sundials in some cultures. In India, perhaps the most famous monuments attesting to the measurement of shadows are the sundials found at the various Jantar Mantars constructed by the Rajput king Sawai Jai Singh in the early 18th century CE.

[[File:Introduction to Mathematics - Ganita Shastra.png|left|frameless]]

[[File:Introduction to Mathematics - Ganita Shastra.png|left|frameless]]

Make a simple shadow using a sanku (take a stick or a pencil) placed in front a source of light (Sun, candle lamp). Compare the shadows formed with different things (small stick, big stick, pencil, crayon, book) with your classmates.

Make a simple shadow using a sanku (take a stick or a pencil) placed in front a source of light (Sun, candle lamp). Compare the shadows formed with different things (small stick, big stick, pencil, crayon, book) with your classmates.