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We also see that Jaina and Buddhist Acharyas contributed immensely to the development of mathematics since early times. The knowledge of Samkhyana, literally, the “science of numbers” meaning arithmetic and astronomy, was regarded as one of the principal accomplishments of a Jaina priest. Mahavira was regarded as one of the best mathematicians of his time. He had a great understanding of the subject. He composed the book called Ganitasarasangraha. The following shlokas show his appreciation and use of mathematics.

We also see that Jaina and Buddhist Acharyas contributed immensely to the development of mathematics since early times. The knowledge of Samkhyana, literally, the “science of numbers” meaning arithmetic and astronomy, was regarded as one of the principal accomplishments of a Jaina priest. Mahavira was regarded as one of the best mathematicians of his time. He had a great understanding of the subject. He composed the book called Ganitasarasangraha. The following shlokas show his appreciation and use of mathematics.

लौकिके वैदिके वापि तथा सामायिकेऽपि यः । व्यापारस्तत्र सर्वत्र संख्यानमुपयुज्यते ।। 9

<span style="color:#ff7f50">लौकिके वैदिके वापि तथा सामायिकेऽपि यः । व्यापारस्तत्र सर्वत्र संख्यानमुपयुज्यते ।। 9

कामतन्त्रेऽर्थशास्त्रे च गान्धर्वे नाटकेऽपि वा । सूपशास्त्रे तथा वैद्यो वास्तुविद्यादिवस्तुषु ।। 10

<span style="color:#ff7f50">कामतन्त्रेऽर्थशास्त्रे च गान्धर्वे नाटकेऽपि वा । सूपशास्त्रे तथा वैद्यो वास्तुविद्यादिवस्तुषु ।। 10

छन्दोऽलङ्कारकाव्येषु तर्कव्याकरणादिषु । कलागुणेषु सर्वेषु प्रस्तुतं गणितं परम् ।। 11

<span style="color:#ff7f50">छन्दोऽलङ्कारकाव्येषु तर्कव्याकरणादिषु । कलागुणेषु सर्वेषु प्रस्तुतं गणितं परम् ।। 11

सूर्यादिग्रहचारेषु ग्रहणे ग्रहसंयुतौ । त्रिप्रश्ने चन्द्रवृत्तौ च सर्वत्राङ्गीकृतं हि तत्।। 12

<span style="color:#ff7f50">सूर्यादिग्रहचारेषु ग्रहणे ग्रहसंयुतौ । त्रिप्रश्ने चन्द्रवृत्तौ च सर्वत्राङ्गीकृतं हि तत्।। 12

द्वीपसागरशैलानां संङ्ख्याव्यासपरिक्षिपः । भवनव्यन्तरज्योतिर्लोककल्पाधिवासिनाम् ।। 13

<span style="color:#ff7f50">द्वीपसागरशैलानां संङ्ख्याव्यासपरिक्षिपः । भवनव्यन्तरज्योतिर्लोककल्पाधिवासिनाम् ।। 13

नारकाणां च सर्वेषां श्रेणीबन्धेन्द्रकोत्कराः । प्रकीर्णकप्रमाणाद्या बुध्यन्ते गणितेन ते ।। 14

<span style="color:#ff7f50">नारकाणां च सर्वेषां श्रेणीबन्धेन्द्रकोत्कराः । प्रकीर्णकप्रमाणाद्या बुध्यन्ते गणितेन ते ।। 14

प्राणिनां तत्र संस्थानमायुरष्टगुणादयः । यात्राद्यास्संहिताद्यश्च सर्वे ते गणिताश्रयाः।। 15

<span style="color:#ff7f50">प्राणिनां तत्र संस्थानमायुरष्टगुणादयः । यात्राद्यास्संहिताद्यश्च सर्वे ते गणिताश्रयाः।। 15

बहुभिर्विप्रलापैः किं त्रैलोक्ये सचराचरे । यत्किञ्चिद्वस्तु तत्सर्वं गणितेन विना न हि ।। 16 (Ganita Sarasangraha 9-16<ref>Rangacharya, M. (1912) ''Ganitasarasangraha of Mahaviracharya with English translation and Notes.'' Madras: The Government Press ([https://archive.org/details/RangacaryaTheGanitaSaraSangrahaOfMahavira1912/page/n35/mode/2up Page 2-3])</ref>)

<span style="color:#ff7f50">बहुभिर्विप्रलापैः किं त्रैलोक्ये सचराचरे । यत्किञ्चिद्वस्तु तत्सर्वं गणितेन विना न हि ।। 16 (Ganita Sarasangraha 9-16<ref>Rangacharya, M. (1912) ''Ganitasarasangraha of Mahaviracharya with English translation and Notes.'' Madras: The Government Press ([https://archive.org/details/RangacaryaTheGanitaSaraSangrahaOfMahavira1912/page/n35/mode/2up Page 2-3])</ref>)</span>

Meaning: In all transactions which relate to worldly, Vedic or other similar religious affairs calculation is of use. In the science of love, in the science of wealth, in music and in drama, in the art of cooking, in medicine, in architecture, in prosody, in poetics and poetry, in logic and grammar and such other things, and in relation to all that constitutes the peculiar value of the arts, the science of calculation (ganita) is held in high esteem. In relation to the movements of the sun and other heavenly bodies, in connection with eclipses and conjunctions of planets, and in connection with the triprasna (direction, position and time) and the course of the moon—indeed in all these it is utilised. The number, the diameter and the perimeter of islands, oceans and mountains; the extensive dimensions of the rows of habitations and halls belonging to the inhabitants of the world, of the interspace between the worlds, of the world of light, of the world of the gods and of the dwellers in hell, and other miscellaneous measurements of all sorts—all these are made out by the help of ganita. The configuration of living beings therein, the length of their lives, their eight attributes, and other similar tilings; their progress and other such things, their staying together, etc.—all these are dependent upon ganita (for their due comprehension). What is the good of saying much? Whatever there is in all the three worlds, which are possessed of moving and non-moving beings, cannot exist as apart from ganita (measurement and calculation).

Meaning: In all transactions which relate to worldly, Vedic or other similar religious affairs calculation is of use. In the science of love, in the science of wealth, in music and in drama, in the art of cooking, in medicine, in architecture, in prosody, in poetics and poetry, in logic and grammar and such other things, and in relation to all that constitutes the peculiar value of the arts, the science of calculation (ganita) is held in high esteem. In relation to the movements of the sun and other heavenly bodies, in connection with eclipses and conjunctions of planets, and in connection with the triprasna (direction, position and time) and the course of the moon—indeed in all these it is utilised. The number, the diameter and the perimeter of islands, oceans and mountains; the extensive dimensions of the rows of habitations and halls belonging to the inhabitants of the world, of the interspace between the worlds, of the world of light, of the world of the gods and of the dwellers in hell, and other miscellaneous measurements of all sorts—all these are made out by the help of ganita. The configuration of living beings therein, the length of their lives, their eight attributes, and other similar tilings; their progress and other such things, their staying together, etc.—all these are dependent upon ganita (for their due comprehension). What is the good of saying much? Whatever there is in all the three worlds, which are possessed of moving and non-moving beings, cannot exist as apart from ganita (measurement and calculation).