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==परिचयः ॥ Introduction==

==परिचयः ॥ Introduction==

Bharatiya values regarding human rights evolved on the basis of Trivarga perhaps have the oldest pedigree. Rigveda which is regarded as the oldest document, declares that all human beings are equal and they are brothers. The Atharvana Veda declared that all human beings have equal right over water and food [natural resources]. The Vedas including Upanishads [Shruti] were the primordial source of ‘Dharma’ which is a compendious term for all the human rights and duties, the observance of which was regarded as essential for securing peace and happiness to individuals and the society as well. The duty to conform to Dharma in acquisition of wealth and fulfillment of desires, has been the injunction of Trivarga to all, which was intended to protect the basic human rights of all.

Bharatiya values regarding human rights evolved on the basis of Trivarga perhaps have the oldest ancestry. Rigveda which is regarded as the ancient most source of knowledge, declares that all human beings are equal and they are brothers. The Atharvanaveda declared that all human beings have equal right over water and food (natural resources). The Vedas including Upanishads (Shruti) were the primordial source of ‘Dharma’ which is a compendious term for all the human rights and duties, the observance of which was regarded as essential for securing peace and happiness to individuals and the society as well. The duty to conform to Dharma in acquisition of wealth and fulfillment of desires, has been the injunction of Trivarga to all, which was intended to protect the basic human rights of all.

This aspect is pointed out by the Supreme Court of India thus:

This aspect is pointed out by the Supreme Court of India thus:

“These fundamental rights represent the basic values cherished by the people of this Country since the Vedic times and they are calculated to protect the dignity of the individual and create conditions in which every human being can develop his personality to the fullest extent.”

“These fundamental rights represent the basic values cherished by the people of this Country since the Vedic times and they are calculated to protect the dignity of the individual and create conditions in which every human being can develop his personality to the fullest extent.”<ref name=":0" />

==कर्तव्याधारिताः अधिकाराः ॥ Duty based Rights==

==कर्तव्याधारिताः अधिकाराः ॥ Duty based Rights==

The unique method evolved by the great thinkers who moulded the civilization and culture of India was to secure the rights to every individual by creating a corresponding duty in other individuals. This was, for the reason that they considered that sense of right always emanates from selfishness whereas the sense of duty always generates selflessness. Therefore, every kind of right evolved which became the value of Bharatiya culture was based on the duty of every individual towards other — individuals. For example,

The unique method evolved by the great thinkers who moulded the civilization and culture of Bharata was to secure the rights to every individual by creating a corresponding duty in other individuals. This was, for the reason that they considered that sense of right always emanates from selfishness whereas the sense of duty always generates selflessness. Therefore, every kind of right evolved which became the value of Bharatiya culture was based on the duty of every individual towards other — individuals. For example,

*the duty of parents towards their children, and the duty of sons and/or daughters as the case may be to maintain their parents in old age, and

*the duty of parents towards their children, and the duty of sons and/or daughters as the case may be to maintain their parents in old age, and

*duty of teachers towards their students, duty of students towards their teachers,

*duty of teachers towards their students, duty of students towards their teachers,